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Louisville/Jefferson County metro government (balance), KY
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Louisville/Jefferson County metro government (balance), KY

See all data for this place →
631,818 people (2024) 250k-1m South

Bright spots 9 indicators

Where Louisville/Jefferson County metro government (balance), KY shows a real improvement in recent years, or stands clearly ahead of its peers. How this is calculated →

What needs attention 6 indicators

Where Louisville/Jefferson County metro government (balance), KY shows a real worsening in recent years, or trails its peers clearly. How this is calculated →

Big shifts 1 indicator

Real moves and big gaps, where neither direction is simply good or bad. Biggest relative change first; big-gap cards come last. How this is calculated →

All indicators

Public Safety
Public Safety

Violent crime rate

▼ Lower is better Verified improver
Compared against How peers are chosen →

Violent crime fell about 12% over the 12 months ending May 2026, faster than 69% of similar-size cities.

Multi-year view: violent crime fell about 6% a year from 2021 to 2026, faster than 94% of similar-size cities. It started mid-pack and has reached a genuinely better level; worth investigating.
Longer view: violent crime rose less than 1%% a year from 2018 to 2026.
Most recent monthly reading: 522 in May 2026, down from 592 a year earlier.
522 per 100k
2018May 2026
Compare all 17 similar-size cities by change rank
Each place's latest 12 months compares against its prior 12. significant improvement · significant worsening · within chance fluctuation for counts this size (Poisson test at 90%; these are administrative tallies, so the test covers event randomness, not survey error). Reporting practices vary by agency, so comparisons are indicative, not definitive; see crime data cautions.
Place Latestper 100k Changelast 12 months Sig. Change rank History
U.S. (RTCI sample) ref 456 (Apr 26) -9.3%
Memphis, TN 1,567 (May 26) -35.3% 1st
Tucson, AZ 442 (May 26) -31.2% 2nd
Nashville-Davidson metropolitan government (balance), TN 882 (May 26) -19.6% 3rd
El Paso, TX 273 (May 26) -13.4% 4th
Denver, CO 829 (May 26) -11.9% 5th
Louisville/Jefferson County metro government (balance), KY 522 (May 26) -11.9% 6th
Baltimore, MD 1,483 (May 26) -11.6% 7th
Milwaukee, WI 1,114 (May 26) -11.1% 8th
Kansas City, MO 1,380 (May 26) -7.7% 9th
Sacramento, CA 631 (May 26) -7.2% 10th
Fresno, CA 684 (May 26) -7.0% 11th
Boston, MA 570 (May 26) -6.3% 12th
Detroit, MI 1,663 (May 26) -3.8% 13th
Mesa, AZ 430 (May 26) -2.9% 14th
Portland, OR 704 (May 26) -2.1% 15th
Seattle, WA 657 (May 26) +0.1% 16th
Oklahoma City, OK 688 (May 26) +1.6% 17th

Peers worth a call

3
Cities of similar size (250k-1m) that started mid-pack, like this city, and whose improvement is sustained over several years, larger than the data's normal noise, and big enough to matter. Because this metric moves monthly, each listed city also held or improved over its own most recent 12 months (shown on each row), and the list is ordered by that recent movement. Referral candidates to investigate, not proven interventions. How we pick these →
  • Miami, FL down about 20% over the 12 months ending May 2026 · sustained: down about 8% a year · 2021-2026
  • Fort Worth, TX down about 19% over the 12 months ending May 2026 · sustained: down about 7% a year · 2021-2026
  • Arlington, TX down about 17% over the 12 months ending May 2026 · sustained: down about 8% a year · 2021-2026
Public Safety

Property crime rate

▼ Lower is better Improving recently, trailing peers
Compared against How peers are chosen →

Property crime fell about 4% over the 12 months ending May 2026, slower than 83% of similar-size cities.

Multi-year view: property crime fell about 1% a year from 2021 to 2026, slower than 67% of similar-size cities. The change does not yet pass the noise and consistency checks, so treat it as a raw signal.
Longer view: property crime fell about 2% a year from 2018 to 2026.
Most recent monthly reading: 3,162 in May 2026, down from 3,299 a year earlier.
3,162 per 100k
2018May 2026
Compare all 19 similar-size cities by change rank
Each place's latest 12 months compares against its prior 12. significant improvement · significant worsening · within chance fluctuation for counts this size (Poisson test at 90%; these are administrative tallies, so the test covers event randomness, not survey error). Reporting practices vary by agency, so comparisons are indicative, not definitive; see crime data cautions.
Place Latestper 100k Changelast 12 months Sig. Change rank History
U.S. (RTCI sample) ref 1,987 (Apr 26) -12.2%
Memphis, TN 3,939 (May 26) -38.7% 1st
Tucson, AZ 2,303 (May 26) -29.4% 2nd
Washington, DC 2,783 (May 26) -24.0% 3rd
Las Vegas, NV 4,992 (May 26) -19.4% 4th
Nashville-Davidson metropolitan government (balance), TN 3,567 (May 26) -18.9% 5th
El Paso, TX 1,221 (May 26) -17.0% 6th
Milwaukee, WI 2,233 (May 26) -14.8% 7th
Mesa, AZ 1,206 (May 26) -13.7% 8th
Kansas City, MO 3,987 (May 26) -13.3% 9th
Sacramento, CA 2,075 (May 26) -12.8% 10th
Fresno, CA 2,575 (May 26) -12.2% 11th
Denver, CO 3,984 (May 26) -11.9% 12th
Detroit, MI 3,739 (May 26) -11.7% 13th
Seattle, WA 4,629 (May 26) -7.8% 14th
Oklahoma City, OK 2,604 (May 26) -5.8% 15th
Louisville/Jefferson County metro government (balance), KY 3,162 (May 26) -4.2% 16th
Boston, MA 1,905 (May 26) -3.5% 17th
Baltimore, MD 4,148 (May 26) -1.3% 18th
Portland, OR 5,327 (May 26) -0.7% 19th

Peers worth a call

3
Cities of similar size (250k-1m) that started mid-pack, like this city, and whose improvement is sustained over several years, larger than the data's normal noise, and big enough to matter. Because this metric moves monthly, each listed city also held or improved over its own most recent 12 months (shown on each row), and the list is ordered by that recent movement. Referral candidates to investigate, not proven interventions. How we pick these →
  • Urban Honolulu, HI down about 19% over the 12 months ending May 2026 · sustained: down about 12% a year · 2021-2026
  • Fort Worth, TX down about 19% over the 12 months ending May 2026 · sustained: down about 2% a year · 2021-2026
  • Anaheim, CA down about 18% over the 12 months ending May 2026 · sustained: down about 8% a year · 2021-2026
Public Safety

Homicide rate

▼ Lower is better Verified improver
Compared against How peers are chosen →

Homicide fell about 21% over the 12 months ending May 2026, faster than 58% of similar-size cities.

Multi-year view: homicide fell about 8% a year from 2021 to 2026, slower than 53% of similar-size cities. It started among the weakest third of similar-size cities, so some rebound is expected; still, the improvement is sustained and worth investigating.
Longer view: homicide rose about 5% a year from 2018 to 2026.
Most recent monthly reading: 12 in May 2026, down from 16 a year earlier.
12 per 100k
2018May 2026
Compare all 20 similar-size cities by change rank
Each place's latest 12 months compares against its prior 12. significant improvement · significant worsening · within chance fluctuation for counts this size (Poisson test at 90%; these are administrative tallies, so the test covers event randomness, not survey error). Reporting practices vary by agency, so comparisons are indicative, not definitive; see crime data cautions.
Place Latestper 100k Changelast 12 months Sig. Change rank History
U.S. (RTCI sample) ref 6 (Apr 26) -17.8%
Tucson, AZ 5 (May 26) -59.2% 1st
Nashville-Davidson metropolitan government (balance), TN 7 (May 26) -50.0% 2nd
Washington, DC 14 (May 26) -47.3% 3rd
Boston, MA 3 (May 26) -47.1% 4th
Memphis, TN 24 (May 26) -38.4% 5th
Seattle, WA 4 (May 26) -34.1% 6th
Baltimore, MD 21 (May 26) -32.0% 7th
Albuquerque, NM 11 (May 26) -31.8% 8th
Louisville/Jefferson County metro government (balance), KY 12 (May 26) -21.5% 9th
El Paso, TX 3 (May 26) -18.3% 10th
Detroit, MI 24 (May 26) -17.6% 11th
Portland, OR 7 (May 26) -17.6% 12th
Sacramento, CA 7 (May 26) -17.5% 13th
Las Vegas, NV 11 (May 26) -16.7% 14th
Denver, CO 7 (May 26) -10.9% 15th
Kansas City, MO 26 (May 26) -10.0% 16th
Oklahoma City, OK 10 (May 26) -8.1% 17th
Milwaukee, WI 23 (May 26) -6.5% 18th
Fresno, CA 5 (May 26) -3.7% 19th
Mesa, AZ 3 (May 26) +0.0% 20th

Peers worth a call

3
Cities of similar size (250k-1m) that started in the weakest third, like this city, and whose improvement is sustained over several years, larger than the data's normal noise, and big enough to matter. Because this metric moves monthly, each listed city also held or improved over its own most recent 12 months (shown on each row), and the list is ordered by that recent movement. Referral candidates to investigate, not proven interventions. How we pick these →
  • Buffalo, NY down about 42% over the 12 months ending May 2026 · sustained: down about 13% a year · 2021-2026
  • Baltimore, MD down about 32% over the 12 months ending May 2026 · sustained: down about 15% a year · 2021-2026
  • Columbus, OH down about 28% over the 12 months ending April 2026 · sustained: down about 13% a year · 2021-2026
Public Safety

Motor vehicle theft rate

▼ Lower is better Improving recently
Compared against How peers are chosen →

Vehicle theft fell about 25% over the 12 months ending May 2026, slower than 61% of similar-size cities.

Multi-year view: vehicle theft is about 13% lower than in 2021 (631 then, 551 now), but the direction has turned: after peaking near 881 in 2024 it has fallen each year since.
Longer view: vehicle theft rose about 5% a year from 2018 to 2026.
Most recent monthly reading: 532 in May 2026, down from 708 a year earlier.
532 per 100k
2018May 2026
Compare all 19 similar-size cities by change rank
Each place's latest 12 months compares against its prior 12. significant improvement · significant worsening · within chance fluctuation for counts this size (Poisson test at 90%; these are administrative tallies, so the test covers event randomness, not survey error). Reporting practices vary by agency, so comparisons are indicative, not definitive; see crime data cautions.
Place Latestper 100k Changelast 12 months Sig. Change rank History
U.S. (RTCI sample) ref 303 (Apr 26) -22.2%
Memphis, TN 599 (May 26) -55.2% 1st
Tucson, AZ 218 (May 26) -54.4% 2nd
Washington, DC 397 (May 26) -47.2% 3rd
Boston, MA 86 (May 26) -38.6% 4th
Nashville-Davidson metropolitan government (balance), TN 444 (May 26) -37.6% 5th
Denver, CO 660 (May 26) -36.4% 6th
El Paso, TX 201 (May 26) -31.5% 7th
Las Vegas, NV 960 (May 26) -29.0% 8th
Fresno, CA 414 (May 26) -25.9% 9th
Milwaukee, WI 770 (May 26) -25.1% 10th
Kansas City, MO 1,199 (May 26) -24.8% 11th
Louisville/Jefferson County metro government (balance), KY 532 (May 26) -24.8% 12th
Mesa, AZ 141 (May 26) -20.8% 13th
Detroit, MI 924 (May 26) -20.1% 14th
Portland, OR 605 (May 26) -18.9% 15th
Sacramento, CA 378 (May 26) -18.2% 16th
Oklahoma City, OK 277 (May 26) -17.7% 17th
Seattle, WA 705 (May 26) -15.9% 18th
Baltimore, MD 769 (May 26) -14.7% 19th

Peers worth a call

3
Cities of similar size (250k-1m) that started mid-pack, like this city, and whose improvement is sustained over several years, larger than the data's normal noise, and big enough to matter. Because this metric moves monthly, each listed city also held or improved over its own most recent 12 months (shown on each row), and the list is ordered by that recent movement. Referral candidates to investigate, not proven interventions. How we pick these →
  • Lubbock, TX down about 21% over the 12 months ending March 2026 · sustained: down about 9% a year · 2020-2025
  • Oklahoma City, OK down about 18% over the 12 months ending May 2026 · sustained: down about 9% a year · 2021-2026
  • Anaheim, CA down about 16% over the 12 months ending May 2026 · sustained: down about 11% a year · 2021-2026
See all Public Safety data →
Economy
Economy

Median household income

▲ Higher is better Real improvement
Compared against How peers are chosen →

Household income rose about 25% between the 2015-2019 and 2020-2024 surveys, from $53,436 to $66,849 (each survey's own dollars, not adjusted for inflation) - more than the combined survey margin (±$1,666). 19 of the 19 similar-size cities show a real change in the same direction. It started mid-pack and has reached a genuinely better level; worth investigating.

Improving beyond the survey margin, 2015-2019 vs 2020-2024 surveys; 19 of 19 similar-size cities show a real change.
Longer view: household income rose about 49% from 2014 to 2024 ($44,806 to $66,849).
$66,849
20102024
Compare all 20 similar-size cities by change rank
Change is measured between each place's two non-overlapping survey periods against its published margins (90% confidence). significant improvement · significant worsening · not significant (within the margin). Change rank orders every measured change; read it with the dot beside it, ranks among hollow-dot rows are ordering values inside their margins. Today's rank orders current values in the metric's better direction.
Place Latest2020-2024 survey Today's rank Change2015-2019 → 2020-2024 Sig. Change rank History Latest vs. peers
Kentucky ref $63,726 +26%
United States ref $80,734 +28%
Mesa, AZ $82,752 7th +42% 1st 17% above peers
Fresno, CA $70,991 10th +41% 2nd on par with peers
Sacramento, CA $87,321 6th +40% 3rd 23% above peers
Denver, CO $94,718 4th +38% 4th 33% above peers
Boston, MA $97,344 3rd +37% 5th 37% above peers
Seattle, WA $123,860 1st +34% 6th 74% above peers
Tucson, AZ $57,073 17th +31% 7th 20% below peers
Las Vegas, NV $73,877 9th +31% 8th 4% above peers
Milwaukee, WI $54,234 18th +30% 9th 24% below peers
Nashville-Davidson metropolitan government (balance), TN $77,371 8th +29% 10th 9% above peers
Detroit, MI $39,938 20th +29% 11th 44% below peers
Albuquerque, NM $68,317 13th +29% 12th 4% below peers
Portland, OR $90,919 5th +28% 13th 28% above peers
Kansas City, MO $69,166 11th +28% 14th 3% below peers
Washington, DC $109,870 2nd +27% 15th 55% above peers
El Paso, TX $59,745 16th +26% 16th 16% below peers
Memphis, TN $51,736 19th +25% 17th 27% below peers
Louisville/Jefferson County metro government (balance), KY $66,849 14th +25% 18th 6% below peers
Oklahoma City, OK $68,656 12th +24% 19th 3% below peers
Baltimore, MD $62,177 15th +23% 20th 12% below peers
Where is this changing? 86 census tracts
Each tract is colored and ranked by its change from 2019 to 2024, between the same two survey periods as the card above, as a share of its own starting level: green tracts improved, red tracts moved the wrong way. Tracts marked * moved less than their own survey margin, so their color is a direction, not a claim. Hover a tract for its numbers and history, or a table row to find that tract on the map; click either for its location or its data in the Explorer.
EconomyMedian household income
Loading tract map…
22 of 86 tracts cover a shorter window (dashed outline; mostly 2020 boundary changes). Each tract's change uses the same two survey periods as the card above and is judged against the tract's own published margins; tracts marked * moved less than their margin. How the tract view works →
Break down by group Race · ACS 2024
Loading breakdown…

Peers worth a call

3
Cities of similar size (250k-1m) that started mid-pack, like this city, and whose improvement is sustained over several years, larger than the data's normal noise, and big enough to matter. Referral candidates to investigate, not proven interventions. How we pick these →
  • Stockton, CA up about 46% between its surveys · a larger real gain than 98% of this group · 2019-2024
  • Atlanta, GA up about 43% between its surveys · a larger real gain than 96% of this group · 2019-2024
  • Mesa, AZ up about 42% between its surveys · a larger real gain than 95% of this group · 2019-2024
Census ACS 5-year survey through 2024 ±$1,523 at 90% confidence (2024 estimate) survey trend: 2015-2019 vs 2020-2024 surveys about this metric
Economy

Share of people below the poverty level

▼ Lower is better No measurable change
Compared against How peers are chosen →

Poverty changed less than the survey can measure between the 2015-2019 and 2020-2024 surveys (15.5% then, 15.5% now; margin ±1.0pp).

Within the survey margin, 2015-2019 vs 2020-2024 surveys; 17 of 19 similar-size cities show a real change.
Longer view: poverty fell 2.5 percentage points from 2014 to 2024 (18.0% to 15.5%).
15.5%
20112024
Compare all 20 similar-size cities by change rank
Change is measured between each place's two non-overlapping survey periods against its published margins (90% confidence). significant improvement · significant worsening · not significant (within the margin). Change rank orders every measured change; read it with the dot beside it, ranks among hollow-dot rows are ordering values inside their margins. Today's rank orders current values in the metric's better direction.
Place Latest2020-2024 survey Today's rank Change2015-2019 → 2020-2024 Sig. Change rank History Latest vs. peers
Kentucky ref 15.4% -1.2pp
United States ref 12.0%
Mesa, AZ 10.2% 2nd -4.5pp 1st 33% below peers
Fresno, CA 19.7% 17th -5.0pp 2nd 29% above peers
Sacramento, CA 13.7% 6th -2.6pp 3rd 10% below peers
Tucson, AZ 18.1% 14th -3.4pp 4th 18% above peers
Denver, CO 11.1% 3rd -1.6pp 5th 28% below peers
Boston, MA 15.5% 12th -2.2pp 6th 1% above peers
Milwaukee, WI 22.2% 18th -2.5pp 7th 45% above peers
Seattle, WA 9.6% 1st -1.1pp 8th 37% below peers
Kansas City, MO 14.4% 8th -1.4pp 9th 6% below peers
Las Vegas, NV 13.8% 7th -1.2pp 10th 10% below peers
Albuquerque, NM 15.3% 11th -1.3pp 11th on par with peers
Memphis, TN 22.6% 19th -1.9pp 12th 47% above peers
Portland, OR 12.5% 4th -1.0pp 13th 19% below peers
Baltimore, MD 19.1% 16th -1.4pp 14th 24% above peers
Detroit, MI 32.2% 20th -2.2pp 15th 110% above peers
Nashville-Davidson metropolitan government (balance), TN 13.7% 5th -0.9pp 16th 11% below peers
Oklahoma City, OK 14.9% 10th -0.9pp 17th 3% below peers
Washington, DC 14.8% 9th -0.6pp 18th 3% below peers
El Paso, TX 18.2% 15th -0.7pp 19th 18% above peers
Louisville/Jefferson County metro government (balance), KY 15.5% 13th +0.0pp 20th 1% above peers
Where is this changing? 86 census tracts
Each tract is colored and ranked by its change from 2019 to 2024, between the same two survey periods as the card above, as a share of its own starting level: green tracts improved, red tracts moved the wrong way. Tracts marked * moved less than their own survey margin, so their color is a direction, not a claim. Hover a tract for its numbers and history, or a table row to find that tract on the map; click either for its location or its data in the Explorer.
EconomyShare of people below the poverty level
Loading tract map…
21 of 86 tracts cover a shorter window (dashed outline; mostly 2020 boundary changes). Each tract's change uses the same two survey periods as the card above and is judged against the tract's own published margins; tracts marked * moved less than their margin. How the tract view works →
Break down by group Race · Age · Sex · ACS 2024
Loading breakdown…

Peers worth a call

3
Cities of similar size (250k-1m) that started mid-pack, like this city, and whose improvement is sustained over several years, larger than the data's normal noise, and big enough to matter. Referral candidates to investigate, not proven interventions. How we pick these →
  • Santa Ana, CA down 4.7pp between its surveys · a larger real gain than 100% of this group · 2019-2024
  • Mesa, AZ down 4.5pp between its surveys · a larger real gain than 99% of this group · 2019-2024
  • Durham, NC down 4.0pp between its surveys · a larger real gain than 98% of this group · 2019-2024
Census ACS 5-year survey through 2024 ±0.8pp at 90% confidence (2024 estimate) survey trend: 2015-2019 vs 2020-2024 surveys about this metric
Economy

Share of children below the poverty level

▼ Lower is better Real improvement
Compared against How peers are chosen →

Child poverty fell 1.6 percentage points between the 2015-2019 and 2020-2024 surveys, from 24.0% to 22.4% - more than the combined survey margin (±1.5pp). 18 of the 19 similar-size cities show a real change in the same direction. It started mid-pack and has reached a genuinely better level; worth investigating.

Improving beyond the survey margin, 2015-2019 vs 2020-2024 surveys; 18 of 19 similar-size cities show a real change.
Longer view: child poverty fell 4.3 percentage points from 2014 to 2024 (26.7% to 22.4%).
22.4%
20132024
Compare all 20 similar-size cities by change rank
Change is measured between each place's two non-overlapping survey periods against its published margins (90% confidence). significant improvement · significant worsening · not significant (within the margin). Change rank orders every measured change; read it with the dot beside it, ranks among hollow-dot rows are ordering values inside their margins. Today's rank orders current values in the metric's better direction.
Place Latest2020-2024 survey Today's rank Change2015-2019 → 2020-2024 Sig. Change rank History Latest vs. peers
Kentucky ref 20.3% -3.2pp
United States ref 16.1%
Mesa, AZ 13.4% 2nd -8.8pp 1st 37% below peers
Boston, MA 21.1% 10th -6.6pp 2nd 1% below peers
Fresno, CA 27.4% 17th -8.1pp 3rd 28% above peers
Sacramento, CA 17.0% 5th -4.9pp 4th 20% below peers
Tucson, AZ 24.2% 14th -6.3pp 5th 13% above peers
Baltimore, MD 25.5% 16th -5.5pp 6th 19% above peers
Albuquerque, NM 19.9% 7th -4.1pp 7th 7% below peers
Kansas City, MO 20.3% 8th -3.9pp 8th 5% below peers
Seattle, WA 9.3% 1st -1.6pp 9th 56% below peers
Oklahoma City, OK 20.4% 9th -3.4pp 10th 5% below peers
Milwaukee, WI 31.7% 18th -5.0pp 11th 48% above peers
Memphis, TN 35.6% 19th -5.1pp 12th 67% above peers
Denver, CO 16.0% 4th -2.2pp 13th 25% below peers
Nashville-Davidson metropolitan government (balance), TN 21.4% 11th -2.8pp 14th on par with peers
Portland, OR 13.8% 3rd -1.7pp 15th 36% below peers
El Paso, TX 24.4% 15th -2.7pp 16th 14% above peers
Las Vegas, NV 19.2% 6th -2.1pp 17th 10% below peers
Detroit, MI 46.5% 20th -3.7pp 18th 117% above peers
Louisville/Jefferson County metro government (balance), KY 22.4% 12th -1.6pp 19th 5% above peers
Washington, DC 22.8% 13th -1.2pp 20th 7% above peers
Where is this changing? 86 census tracts
Each tract is colored and ranked by its change from 2019 to 2024, between the same two survey periods as the card above, as a share of its own starting level: green tracts improved, red tracts moved the wrong way. Tracts marked * moved less than their own survey margin, so their color is a direction, not a claim. Hover a tract for its numbers and history, or a table row to find that tract on the map; click either for its location or its data in the Explorer.
EconomyShare of children below the poverty level
Loading tract map…
21 of 86 tracts cover a shorter window (dashed outline; mostly 2020 boundary changes). Each tract's change uses the same two survey periods as the card above and is judged against the tract's own published margins; tracts marked * moved less than their margin. How the tract view works →

Peers worth a call

3
Cities of similar size (250k-1m) that started mid-pack, like this city, and whose improvement is sustained over several years, larger than the data's normal noise, and big enough to matter. Referral candidates to investigate, not proven interventions. How we pick these →
  • Mesa, AZ down 8.8pp between its surveys · a larger real gain than 100% of this group · 2019-2024
  • Santa Ana, CA down 8.7pp between its surveys · a larger real gain than 99% of this group · 2019-2024
  • Oakland, CA down 8.2pp between its surveys · a larger real gain than 96% of this group · 2019-2024
Census ACS 5-year survey through 2024 ±1.2pp at 90% confidence (2024 estimate) survey trend: 2015-2019 vs 2020-2024 surveys about this metric
Economy

Households with a broadband internet subscription

▲ Higher is better Real improvement
Compared against How peers are chosen →

Broadband rose 7.9 percentage points between the 2015-2019 and 2020-2024 surveys, from 82.7% to 90.6% - more than the combined survey margin (±0.7pp). 19 of the 19 similar-size cities show a real change in the same direction. It started mid-pack and has reached a genuinely better level; worth investigating.

Improving beyond the survey margin, 2015-2019 vs 2020-2024 surveys; 19 of 19 similar-size cities show a real change.
Longer view: broadband rose 14.2 percentage points from 2017 to 2024 (76.3% to 90.6%).
90.6%
20172024
Compare all 20 similar-size cities by change rank
Change is measured between each place's two non-overlapping survey periods against its published margins (90% confidence). significant improvement · significant worsening · not significant (within the margin). Change rank orders every measured change; read it with the dot beside it, ranks among hollow-dot rows are ordering values inside their margins. Today's rank orders current values in the metric's better direction.
Place Latest2020-2024 survey Today's rank Change2015-2019 → 2020-2024 Sig. Change rank History Latest vs. peers
Kentucky ref 88.8% +9.9pp
United States ref 91.1%
Detroit, MI 85.8% 19th +21.2pp 1st 6% below peers
Memphis, TN 87.6% 18th +17.9pp 2nd 4% below peers
Milwaukee, WI 88.4% 17th +13.2pp 3rd 3% below peers
Las Vegas, NV 91.8% 9th +11.5pp 4th 1% above peers
Baltimore, MD 85.5% 20th +10.7pp 5th 6% below peers
El Paso, TX 89.4% 15th +10.6pp 6th 2% below peers
Albuquerque, NM 90.6% 11th +9.7pp 7th 1% below peers
Kansas City, MO 90.5% 14th +8.9pp 8th 1% below peers
Oklahoma City, OK 92.1% 7th +9.0pp 9th 1% above peers
Washington, DC 91.3% 10th +8.5pp 10th on par with peers
Louisville/Jefferson County metro government (balance), KY 90.6% 12th +7.9pp 11th 1% below peers
Nashville-Davidson metropolitan government (balance), TN 92.7% 6th +7.6pp 12th 2% above peers
Fresno, CA 88.9% 16th +7.1pp 13th 3% below peers
Tucson, AZ 90.5% 13th +6.7pp 14th 1% below peers
Sacramento, CA 93.7% 3rd +6.8pp 15th 3% above peers
Boston, MA 92.1% 8th +6.5pp 16th 1% above peers
Mesa, AZ 93.3% 4th +6.4pp 17th 2% above peers
Denver, CO 93.0% 5th +6.1pp 18th 2% above peers
Portland, OR 94.0% 2nd +5.5pp 19th 3% above peers
Seattle, WA 94.5% 1st +3.9pp 20th 4% above peers
Where is this changing? 86 census tracts
Each tract is colored and ranked by its change from 2019 to 2024, between the same two survey periods as the card above, as a share of its own starting level: green tracts improved, red tracts moved the wrong way. Tracts marked * moved less than their own survey margin, so their color is a direction, not a claim. Hover a tract for its numbers and history, or a table row to find that tract on the map; click either for its location or its data in the Explorer.
EconomyHouseholds with a broadband internet subscription
Loading tract map…
21 of 86 tracts cover a shorter window (dashed outline; mostly 2020 boundary changes). Each tract's change uses the same two survey periods as the card above and is judged against the tract's own published margins; tracts marked * moved less than their margin. How the tract view works →

Peers worth a call

3
Cities of similar size (250k-1m) that started mid-pack, like this city, and whose improvement is sustained over several years, larger than the data's normal noise, and big enough to matter. Referral candidates to investigate, not proven interventions. How we pick these →
  • Oklahoma City, OK up 9.0pp between its surveys · a larger real gain than 68% of this group · 2019-2024
  • Oakland, CA up 8.7pp between its surveys · a larger real gain than 66% of this group · 2019-2024
  • Long Beach, CA up 8.8pp between its surveys · a larger real gain than 65% of this group · 2019-2024
Census ACS 5-year survey through 2024 ±0.4pp at 90% confidence (2024 estimate) survey trend: 2015-2019 vs 2020-2024 surveys about this metric
Economy

Income inequality (Gini index)

▼ Lower is better No measurable change
Compared against How peers are chosen →

Inequality changed less than the survey can measure between the 2015-2019 and 2020-2024 surveys (0.48 then, 0.48 now; margin ±0.01).

Within the survey margin, 2015-2019 vs 2020-2024 surveys; 6 of 19 similar-size cities show a real change.
Longer view: inequality fell about 1% from 2014 to 2024 (0.49 to 0.48).
0.48
20102024
Compare all 20 similar-size cities by change rank
Change is measured between each place's two non-overlapping survey periods against its published margins (90% confidence). significant improvement · significant worsening · not significant (within the margin). Change rank orders every measured change; read it with the dot beside it, ranks among hollow-dot rows are ordering values inside their margins. Today's rank orders current values in the metric's better direction.
Place Latest2020-2024 survey Today's rank Change2015-2019 → 2020-2024 Sig. Change rank History Latest vs. peers
Kentucky ref 0.48 -0.002
United States ref 0.48 +0.001
Mesa, AZ 0.43 1st -0.017 1st 10% below peers
Sacramento, CA 0.45 2nd -0.016 2nd 7% below peers
Washington, DC 0.52 18th -0.010 3rd 8% above peers
Albuquerque, NM 0.46 4th -0.009 4th 4% below peers
Las Vegas, NV 0.48 10th -0.008 5th on par with peers
Boston, MA 0.53 20th -0.008 6th 11% above peers
Baltimore, MD 0.51 16th -0.006 7th 6% above peers
Oklahoma City, OK 0.47 5th -0.004 8th 2% below peers
Milwaukee, WI 0.47 6th -0.004 9th 2% below peers
Kansas City, MO 0.47 7th -0.003 10th 2% below peers
Fresno, CA 0.48 12th -0.000 11th on par with peers
Denver, CO 0.49 15th -0.000 12th 2% above peers
Tucson, AZ 0.46 3rd +0.001 13th 4% below peers
Memphis, TN 0.52 19th +0.002 14th 9% above peers
Detroit, MI 0.51 17th +0.002 15th 7% above peers
Seattle, WA 0.49 14th +0.004 16th 2% above peers
Louisville/Jefferson County metro government (balance), KY 0.48 11th +0.005 17th on par with peers
Portland, OR 0.48 9th +0.005 18th 1% below peers
El Paso, TX 0.48 8th +0.011 19th 1% below peers
Nashville-Davidson metropolitan government (balance), TN 0.48 13th +0.011 20th on par with peers
Census ACS 5-year survey (table B19083) through 2024 ±0.01 at 90% confidence (2024 estimate) survey trend: 2015-2019 vs 2020-2024 surveys about this metric
Economy

Households receiving SNAP

▼ Lower is better Real improvement
Compared against How peers are chosen →

SNAP fell 2.5 percentage points between the 2014-2018 and 2019-2023 surveys, from 14.4% to 11.8% - more than the combined survey margin (±0.7pp). 10 of the 19 similar-size cities show a real change in the same direction. It started mid-pack and has reached a genuinely better level; worth investigating.

Improving beyond the survey margin, 2014-2018 vs 2019-2023 surveys; 12 of 19 similar-size cities show a real change.
Longer view: snap fell 4.5 percentage points from 2013 to 2023 (16.3% to 11.8%).
11.8%
20102023
Compare all 20 similar-size cities by change rank
Change is measured between each place's two non-overlapping survey periods against its published margins (90% confidence). significant improvement · significant worsening · not significant (within the margin). Change rank orders every measured change; read it with the dot beside it, ranks among hollow-dot rows are ordering values inside their margins. Today's rank orders current values in the metric's better direction.
Place Latest2019-2023 survey Today's rank Change2014-2018 → 2019-2023 Sig. Change rank History Latest vs. peers
Kentucky ref 12.7% -2.5pp
United States ref 11.8% -0.5pp
Nashville-Davidson metropolitan government (balance), TN 8.7% 4th -3.5pp 1st 41% below peers
Mesa, AZ 8.1% 2nd -1.9pp 2nd 45% below peers
Louisville/Jefferson County metro government (balance), KY 11.8% 6th -2.5pp 3rd 19% below peers
Kansas City, MO 10.5% 5th -2.2pp 4th 28% below peers
Portland, OR 14.5% 9th -2.1pp 5th 1% below peers
Seattle, WA 7.5% 1st -1.0pp 6th 49% below peers
Tucson, AZ 16.2% 12th -1.7pp 7th 11% above peers
Memphis, TN 20.4% 16th -2.1pp 8th 39% above peers
Denver, CO 8.3% 3rd -0.7pp 9th 43% below peers
Washington, DC 13.2% 7th -0.6pp 10th 10% below peers
Detroit, MI 38.0% 20th -1.7pp 11th 159% above peers
El Paso, TX 19.1% 15th -0.7pp 12th 30% above peers
Baltimore, MD 23.6% 18th -0.9pp 13th 61% above peers
Las Vegas, NV 14.5% 10th -0.3pp 14th 1% below peers
Milwaukee, WI 27.5% 19th -0.2pp 15th 88% above peers
Fresno, CA 23.0% 17th -0.0pp 16th 57% above peers
Boston, MA 18.6% 14th +0.2pp 17th 27% above peers
Oklahoma City, OK 13.7% 8th +0.5pp 18th 6% below peers
Albuquerque, NM 17.3% 13th +2.2pp 19th 18% above peers
Sacramento, CA 14.7% 11th +2.2pp 20th on par with peers
Where is this changing? 86 census tracts
Each tract is colored and ranked by its change from 2018 to 2023, between the same two survey periods as the card above, as a share of its own starting level: green tracts improved, red tracts moved the wrong way. Tracts marked * moved less than their own survey margin, so their color is a direction, not a claim. Hover a tract for its numbers and history, or a table row to find that tract on the map; click either for its location or its data in the Explorer.
EconomyHouseholds receiving SNAP
Loading tract map…
21 of 86 tracts cover a shorter window (dashed outline; mostly 2020 boundary changes). Each tract's change uses the same two survey periods as the card above and is judged against the tract's own published margins; tracts marked * moved less than their margin. How the tract view works →

Peers worth a call

3
Cities of similar size (250k-1m) that started mid-pack, like this city, and whose improvement is sustained over several years, larger than the data's normal noise, and big enough to matter. Referral candidates to investigate, not proven interventions. How we pick these →
Census ACS 5-year survey through 2023 ±0.6pp at 90% confidence (2023 estimate) survey trend: 2014-2018 vs 2019-2023 surveys about this metric
See all Economy data →
Housing
Housing

Homeownership rate

▲ Higher is better No measurable change
Compared against How peers are chosen →

Homeownership changed less than the survey can measure between the 2015-2019 and 2020-2024 surveys (60.1% then, 60.7% now; margin ±1.0pp).

Within the survey margin, 2015-2019 vs 2020-2024 surveys; 14 of 19 similar-size cities show a real change.
Longer view: homeownership held roughly steady from 2014 to 2024.
60.7%
20112024
Compare all 20 similar-size cities by change rank
Change is measured between each place's two non-overlapping survey periods against its published margins (90% confidence). significant improvement · significant worsening · not significant (within the margin). Change rank orders every measured change; read it with the dot beside it, ranks among hollow-dot rows are ordering values inside their margins. Today's rank orders current values in the metric's better direction.
Place Latest2020-2024 survey Today's rank Change2015-2019 → 2020-2024 Sig. Change rank History Latest vs. peers
Kentucky ref 68.3% +1.1pp
United States ref 65.2%
Las Vegas, NV 56.6% 6th +3.9pp 1st 9% above peers
Fresno, CA 50.1% 13th +3.4pp 2nd 3% below peers
Sacramento, CA 51.7% 11th +3.2pp 3rd on par with peers
Detroit, MI 50.4% 12th +3.1pp 4th 3% below peers
Mesa, AZ 64.4% 1st +3.3pp 5th 24% above peers
Kansas City, MO 55.4% 7th +2.1pp 6th 7% above peers
Albuquerque, NM 61.8% 2nd +2.1pp 7th 19% above peers
El Paso, TX 60.8% 3rd +1.9pp 8th 17% above peers
Tucson, AZ 51.9% 10th +1.2pp 9th on par with peers
Boston, MA 35.7% 20th +0.7pp 10th 31% below peers
Milwaukee, WI 41.8% 18th +0.4pp 11th 19% below peers
Louisville/Jefferson County metro government (balance), KY 60.7% 4th +0.6pp 12th 17% above peers
Baltimore, MD 47.5% 15th +0.0pp 13th 8% below peers
Washington, DC 41.5% 19th -0.1pp 14th 20% below peers
Oklahoma City, OK 58.5% 5th -0.4pp 15th 13% above peers
Denver, CO 48.8% 14th -1.1pp 16th 6% below peers
Portland, OR 52.0% 9th -1.4pp 17th on par with peers
Nashville-Davidson metropolitan government (balance), TN 52.4% 8th -1.5pp 18th 1% above peers
Memphis, TN 44.9% 16th -1.7pp 19th 13% below peers
Seattle, WA 43.7% 17th -2.0pp 20th 16% below peers
Where is this changing? 86 census tracts
Each tract is colored and ranked by its change from 2019 to 2024, between the same two survey periods as the card above, as a share of its own starting level: green tracts improved, red tracts moved the wrong way. Tracts marked * moved less than their own survey margin, so their color is a direction, not a claim. Hover a tract for its numbers and history, or a table row to find that tract on the map; click either for its location or its data in the Explorer.
HousingHomeownership rate
Loading tract map…
21 of 86 tracts cover a shorter window (dashed outline; mostly 2020 boundary changes). Each tract's change uses the same two survey periods as the card above and is judged against the tract's own published margins; tracts marked * moved less than their margin. How the tract view works →
Break down by group Race · ACS 2024
Loading breakdown…
Census ACS 5-year survey through 2024 ±0.8pp at 90% confidence (2024 estimate) survey trend: 2015-2019 vs 2020-2024 surveys about this metric
Housing

Housing cost-burdened households

▼ Lower is better Worsening
Compared against How peers are chosen →

Cost burden rose 1.2 percentage points between the 2015-2019 and 2020-2024 surveys, from 29.6% to 30.7% - more than the combined survey margin (±1.1pp). That reverses the previous span, which went down between the 2010-2014 and 2015-2019 surveys. 6 of the 19 similar-size cities show a real change in the same direction. That is movement in the wrong direction.

Worsening beyond the survey margin, 2015-2019 vs 2020-2024 surveys; 7 of 19 similar-size cities show a real change.
Longer view: cost burden fell 2.2 percentage points from 2014 to 2024 (32.9% to 30.7%).
30.7%
20102024
Compare all 20 similar-size cities by change rank
Change is measured between each place's two non-overlapping survey periods against its published margins (90% confidence). significant improvement · significant worsening · not significant (within the margin). Change rank orders every measured change; read it with the dot beside it, ranks among hollow-dot rows are ordering values inside their margins. Today's rank orders current values in the metric's better direction.
Place Latest2020-2024 survey Today's rank Change2015-2019 → 2020-2024 Sig. Change rank History Latest vs. peers
Kentucky ref 26.1% +0.3pp
United States ref 32.2% +0.4pp
Milwaukee, WI 40.3% 14th -1.5pp 1st 4% above peers
Fresno, CA 42.5% 19th -0.8pp 2nd 10% above peers
Albuquerque, NM 33.5% 4th -0.6pp 3rd 14% below peers
Detroit, MI 43.5% 20th -0.7pp 4th 12% above peers
Seattle, WA 34.5% 6th -0.5pp 5th 11% below peers
Boston, MA 42.5% 18th -0.4pp 6th 10% above peers
Washington, DC 36.1% 8th -0.2pp 7th 7% below peers
Mesa, AZ 33.2% 3rd +0.4pp 8th 14% below peers
Tucson, AZ 38.7% 11th +0.6pp 9th on par with peers
Denver, CO 36.1% 9th +0.7pp 10th 7% below peers
Las Vegas, NV 39.9% 13th +1.1pp 11th 3% above peers
Memphis, TN 41.8% 17th +1.4pp 12th 8% above peers
Sacramento, CA 41.4% 15th +1.4pp 13th 7% above peers
Louisville/Jefferson County metro government (balance), KY 30.7% 1st +1.2pp 14th 21% below peers
Portland, OR 38.8% 12th +1.5pp 15th on par with peers
Baltimore, MD 41.7% 16th +2.2pp 16th 8% above peers
El Paso, TX 36.0% 7th +2.2pp 17th 7% below peers
Kansas City, MO 33.9% 5th +2.1pp 18th 12% below peers
Oklahoma City, OK 31.5% 2nd +2.4pp 19th 19% below peers
Nashville-Davidson metropolitan government (balance), TN 36.9% 10th +3.8pp 20th 5% below peers
Where is this changing? 86 census tracts
Each tract is colored and ranked by its change from 2019 to 2024, between the same two survey periods as the card above, as a share of its own starting level: green tracts improved, red tracts moved the wrong way. Tracts marked * moved less than their own survey margin, so their color is a direction, not a claim. Hover a tract for its numbers and history, or a table row to find that tract on the map; click either for its location or its data in the Explorer.
HousingHousing cost-burdened households
Loading tract map…
21 of 86 tracts cover a shorter window (dashed outline; mostly 2020 boundary changes). Each tract's change uses the same two survey periods as the card above and is judged against the tract's own published margins; tracts marked * moved less than their margin. How the tract view works →
Housing

Households without a vehicle

▼ Lower is better Real improvement
Compared against How peers are chosen →

No vehicle fell 0.9 percentage points between the 2015-2019 and 2020-2024 surveys, from 10.6% to 9.7% - more than the combined survey margin (±0.7pp). 9 of the 19 similar-size cities show a real change in the same direction. It started mid-pack and has reached a genuinely better level; worth investigating.

Improving beyond the survey margin, 2015-2019 vs 2020-2024 surveys; 10 of 19 similar-size cities show a real change.
Longer view: no vehicle fell 1.6 percentage points from 2014 to 2024 (11.3% to 9.7%).
9.7%
20102024
Compare all 20 similar-size cities by change rank
Change is measured between each place's two non-overlapping survey periods against its published margins (90% confidence). significant improvement · significant worsening · not significant (within the margin). Change rank orders every measured change; read it with the dot beside it, ranks among hollow-dot rows are ordering values inside their margins. Today's rank orders current values in the metric's better direction.
Place Latest2020-2024 survey Today's rank Change2015-2019 → 2020-2024 Sig. Change rank History Latest vs. peers
Kentucky ref 6.8% -0.5pp
United States ref 8.3% -0.3pp
Fresno, CA 8.2% 6th -2.3pp 1st 19% below peers
Mesa, AZ 5.2% 1st -1.2pp 2nd 49% below peers
Detroit, MI 20.1% 17th -3.6pp 3rd 99% above peers
Kansas City, MO 9.0% 9th -1.3pp 4th 11% below peers
Tucson, AZ 10.1% 11th -1.5pp 5th on par with peers
Las Vegas, NV 8.9% 8th -1.1pp 6th 12% below peers
Memphis, TN 10.3% 12th -1.3pp 7th 2% above peers
Louisville/Jefferson County metro government (balance), KY 9.7% 10th -0.9pp 8th 5% below peers
Baltimore, MD 26.7% 18th -2.2pp 9th 164% above peers
Milwaukee, WI 16.2% 15th -1.2pp 10th 60% above peers
El Paso, TX 7.1% 5th -0.4pp 11th 30% below peers
Portland, OR 13.7% 14th -0.5pp 12th 36% above peers
Albuquerque, NM 7.0% 4th -0.2pp 13th 31% below peers
Boston, MA 33.2% 19th -1.0pp 14th 229% above peers
Sacramento, CA 8.4% 7th -0.2pp 15th 17% below peers
Nashville-Davidson metropolitan government (balance), TN 6.7% 3rd -0.0pp 16th 34% below peers
Washington, DC 36.0% 20th +0.1pp 17th 256% above peers
Denver, CO 10.3% 13th +0.5pp 18th 2% above peers
Seattle, WA 19.0% 16th +1.2pp 19th 88% above peers
Oklahoma City, OK 6.5% 2nd +0.4pp 20th 36% below peers
Where is this changing? 86 census tracts
Each tract is colored and ranked by its change from 2019 to 2024, between the same two survey periods as the card above, as a share of its own starting level: green tracts improved, red tracts moved the wrong way. Tracts marked * moved less than their own survey margin, so their color is a direction, not a claim. Hover a tract for its numbers and history, or a table row to find that tract on the map; click either for its location or its data in the Explorer.
HousingHouseholds without a vehicle
Loading tract map…
21 of 86 tracts cover a shorter window (dashed outline; mostly 2020 boundary changes). Each tract's change uses the same two survey periods as the card above and is judged against the tract's own published margins; tracts marked * moved less than their margin. How the tract view works →

Peers worth a call

3
Cities of similar size (250k-1m) that started mid-pack, like this city, and whose improvement is sustained over several years, larger than the data's normal noise, and big enough to matter. Referral candidates to investigate, not proven interventions. How we pick these →
  • Fresno, CA down 2.3pp between its surveys · a larger real gain than 100% of this group · 2019-2024
  • Stockton, CA down 2.0pp between its surveys · a larger real gain than 99% of this group · 2019-2024
  • Glendale, AZ down 1.7pp between its surveys · a larger real gain than 96% of this group · 2019-2024
Census ACS 5-year survey (table B08201) through 2024 ±0.6pp at 90% confidence (2024 estimate) survey trend: 2015-2019 vs 2020-2024 surveys about this metric
See all Housing data →
Health
Health

People without health insurance

▼ Lower is better Worsening
Compared against How peers are chosen →

Uninsured rose 0.6 percentage points between the 2015-2019 and 2020-2024 surveys, from 5.4% to 5.9% - more than the combined survey margin (±0.4pp). That reverses the previous span, which went down between the 2010-2014 and 2015-2019 surveys. 5 of the 19 similar-size cities show a real change in the same direction. That is movement in the wrong direction.

Worsening beyond the survey margin, 2015-2019 vs 2020-2024 surveys; 15 of 19 similar-size cities show a real change.
Longer view: uninsured fell 6.7 percentage points from 2014 to 2024 (12.7% to 5.9%).
5.9%
20122024
Compare all 20 similar-size cities by change rank
Change is measured between each place's two non-overlapping survey periods against its published margins (90% confidence). significant improvement · significant worsening · not significant (within the margin). Change rank orders every measured change; read it with the dot beside it, ranks among hollow-dot rows are ordering values inside their margins. Today's rank orders current values in the metric's better direction.
Place Latest2020-2024 survey Today's rank Change2015-2019 → 2020-2024 Sig. Change rank History Latest vs. peers
Kentucky ref 5.8% +0.3pp
United States ref 8.2% -0.4pp
Fresno, CA 6.0% 8th -2.1pp 1st 32% below peers
Portland, OR 5.2% 4th -1.2pp 2nd 42% below peers
Boston, MA 2.9% 1st -0.6pp 3rd 68% below peers
Mesa, AZ 10.5% 14th -1.7pp 4th 18% above peers
Detroit, MI 7.4% 9th -1.0pp 5th 18% below peers
Baltimore, MD 5.9% 6th -0.6pp 6th 34% below peers
Sacramento, CA 5.3% 5th -0.5pp 7th 40% below peers
Tucson, AZ 10.3% 13th -0.8pp 8th 15% above peers
Kansas City, MO 10.9% 15th -0.8pp 9th 22% above peers
Oklahoma City, OK 13.5% 18th -0.8pp 10th 51% above peers
Denver, CO 8.9% 11th -0.3pp 11th on par with peers
Milwaukee, WI 9.0% 12th -0.2pp 12th 1% above peers
Washington, DC 3.6% 2nd -0.0pp 13th 60% below peers
Seattle, WA 4.2% 3rd +0.0pp 14th 54% below peers
Nashville-Davidson metropolitan government (balance), TN 12.7% 16th +0.7pp 15th 42% above peers
Memphis, TN 14.5% 19th +1.0pp 16th 62% above peers
El Paso, TX 20.1% 20th +1.5pp 17th 125% above peers
Albuquerque, NM 8.5% 10th +0.7pp 18th 5% below peers
Las Vegas, NV 13.2% 17th +1.1pp 19th 48% above peers
Louisville/Jefferson County metro government (balance), KY 5.9% 7th +0.6pp 20th 34% below peers
Where is this changing? 86 census tracts
Each tract is colored and ranked by its change from 2019 to 2024, between the same two survey periods as the card above, as a share of its own starting level: green tracts improved, red tracts moved the wrong way. Tracts marked * moved less than their own survey margin, so their color is a direction, not a claim. Hover a tract for its numbers and history, or a table row to find that tract on the map; click either for its location or its data in the Explorer.
HealthPeople without health insurance
Loading tract map…
21 of 86 tracts cover a shorter window (dashed outline; mostly 2020 boundary changes). Each tract's change uses the same two survey periods as the card above and is judged against the tract's own published margins; tracts marked * moved less than their margin. How the tract view works →
Break down by group Race · Age · Sex · ACS 2024
Loading breakdown…

Peers worth a call

3
Cities of similar size (250k-1m) that started in the strongest third, like this city, and whose improvement is sustained over several years, larger than the data's normal noise, and big enough to matter. Referral candidates to investigate, not proven interventions. How we pick these →
  • Toledo, OH down 1.5pp between its surveys · a larger real gain than 95% of this group · 2019-2024
  • Portland, OR down 1.2pp between its surveys · a larger real gain than 94% of this group · 2019-2024
  • Chesapeake, VA down 1.3pp between its surveys · a larger real gain than 93% of this group · 2019-2024
Census ACS 5-year survey through 2024 ±0.3pp at 90% confidence (2024 estimate) survey trend: 2015-2019 vs 2020-2024 surveys about this metric
Health

Adult obesity

▼ Lower is better Level only
Compared against How peers are chosen →

Adult obesity is roughly in line with the peer median.

36.1%
20202022
Compare all 20 similar-size cities best first
Place Latest Today's rank History Latest vs. peers
Kentucky ref 38.2%
United States ref 33.4%
Denver, CO 23.2% 1st 33% below peers
Seattle, WA 23.4% 2nd 33% below peers
Washington, DC 25.5% 3rd 27% below peers
Boston, MA 27.3% 4th 22% below peers
Portland, OR 28.2% 5th 19% below peers
Albuquerque, NM 28.4% 6th 18% below peers
Nashville-Davidson metropolitan government (balance), TN 31.8% 7th 9% below peers
Las Vegas, NV 33.9% 8th 3% below peers
Mesa, AZ 33.9% 9th 3% below peers
Sacramento, CA 34.7% 10th on par with peers
Tucson, AZ 34.8% 11th on par with peers
Louisville/Jefferson County metro government (balance), KY 36.1% 12th 4% above peers
Baltimore, MD 37.9% 13th 9% above peers
Fresno, CA 38.7% 14th 11% above peers
El Paso, TX 39.5% 15th 14% above peers
Oklahoma City, OK 39.8% 16th 14% above peers
Kansas City, MO 40.0% 17th 15% above peers
Milwaukee, WI 43.4% 18th 25% above peers
Detroit, MI 45.0% 19th 29% above peers
Memphis, TN 45.1% 20th 30% above peers
CDC PLACES through 2022 modeled tract map about this metric
Health

Children without health insurance

▼ Lower is better Worsening
Compared against How peers are chosen →

Child uninsured rose 1.1 percentage points between the 2015-2019 and 2020-2024 surveys, from 2.7% to 3.9% - more than the combined survey margin (±0.6pp). That reverses the previous span, which went down between the 2010-2014 and 2015-2019 surveys. 11 of the 19 similar-size cities show a real change in the same direction. That is movement in the wrong direction.

Worsening beyond the survey margin, 2015-2019 vs 2020-2024 surveys; 13 of 19 similar-size cities show a real change.
Longer view: child uninsured fell 0.3 percentage points from 2014 to 2024 (4.2% to 3.9%).
3.9%
20122024
Compare all 20 similar-size cities by change rank
Change is measured between each place's two non-overlapping survey periods against its published margins (90% confidence). significant improvement · significant worsening · not significant (within the margin). Change rank orders every measured change; read it with the dot beside it, ranks among hollow-dot rows are ordering values inside their margins. Today's rank orders current values in the metric's better direction.
Place Latest2020-2024 survey Today's rank Change2015-2019 → 2020-2024 Sig. Change rank History Latest vs. peers
Kentucky ref 4.3% +0.5pp
United States ref 5.5% +0.4pp
Portland, OR 1.9% 1st -0.9pp 1st 66% below peers
Mesa, AZ 8.3% 16th -1.7pp 2nd 45% above peers
Detroit, MI 2.8% 6th -0.4pp 3rd 51% below peers
Fresno, CA 2.5% 4th -0.2pp 4th 56% below peers
Tucson, AZ 7.8% 13th -0.2pp 5th 38% above peers
Milwaukee, WI 3.3% 8th +0.0pp 6th 41% below peers
Oklahoma City, OK 8.0% 14th +0.9pp 7th 41% above peers
Baltimore, MD 4.6% 10th +0.6pp 8th 19% below peers
El Paso, TX 11.2% 20th +2.1pp 9th 97% above peers
Kansas City, MO 8.1% 15th +1.5pp 10th 43% above peers
Las Vegas, NV 9.6% 18th +2.4pp 11th 70% above peers
Denver, CO 5.7% 11th +1.5pp 12th on par with peers
Memphis, TN 8.7% 17th +2.4pp 13th 53% above peers
Seattle, WA 1.9% 2nd +0.5pp 14th 66% below peers
Sacramento, CA 3.1% 7th +0.9pp 15th 46% below peers
Washington, DC 2.8% 5th +0.8pp 16th 51% below peers
Louisville/Jefferson County metro government (balance), KY 3.9% 9th +1.1pp 17th 32% below peers
Nashville-Davidson metropolitan government (balance), TN 10.6% 19th +3.7pp 18th 86% above peers
Boston, MA 2.0% 3rd +0.7pp 19th 64% below peers
Albuquerque, NM 5.9% 12th +2.5pp 20th 4% above peers
Where is this changing? 86 census tracts
Each tract is colored and ranked by its change from 2019 to 2024, between the same two survey periods as the card above, as a share of its own starting level: green tracts improved, red tracts moved the wrong way. Tracts marked * moved less than their own survey margin, so their color is a direction, not a claim. Hover a tract for its numbers and history, or a table row to find that tract on the map; click either for its location or its data in the Explorer.
HealthChildren without health insurance
Loading tract map…
21 of 86 tracts cover a shorter window (dashed outline; mostly 2020 boundary changes). Each tract's change uses the same two survey periods as the card above and is judged against the tract's own published margins; tracts marked * moved less than their margin. How the tract view works →

Peers worth a call

2
Cities of similar size (250k-1m) that started in the strongest third, like this city, and whose improvement is sustained over several years, larger than the data's normal noise, and big enough to matter. Referral candidates to investigate, not proven interventions. How we pick these →
  • Toledo, OH down 1.2pp between its surveys · a larger real gain than 100% of this group · 2019-2024
  • Portland, OR down 0.9pp between its surveys · a larger real gain than 99% of this group · 2019-2024
Census ACS 5-year survey (table B27001) through 2024 ±0.5pp at 90% confidence (2024 estimate) survey trend: 2015-2019 vs 2020-2024 surveys about this metric
See all Health data →
Education
Education

Adults with a bachelor's degree or higher

▲ Higher is better Real improvement
Compared against How peers are chosen →

College attainment rose 3.9 percentage points between the 2015-2019 and 2020-2024 surveys, from 29.9% to 33.8% - more than the combined survey margin (±0.9pp). 19 of the 19 similar-size cities show a real change in the same direction. It started mid-pack and has reached a genuinely better level; worth investigating.

Improving beyond the survey margin, 2015-2019 vs 2020-2024 surveys; 19 of 19 similar-size cities show a real change.
Longer view: college attainment rose 6.4 percentage points from 2014 to 2024 (27.4% to 33.8%).
33.8%
20102024
Compare all 20 similar-size cities by change rank
Change is measured between each place's two non-overlapping survey periods against its published margins (90% confidence). significant improvement · significant worsening · not significant (within the margin). Change rank orders every measured change; read it with the dot beside it, ranks among hollow-dot rows are ordering values inside their margins. Today's rank orders current values in the metric's better direction.
Place Latest2020-2024 survey Today's rank Change2015-2019 → 2020-2024 Sig. Change rank History Latest vs. peers
Kentucky ref 27.6% +3.3pp
United States ref 35.7% +3.5pp
Mesa, AZ 32.5% 13th +5.1pp 1st 10% below peers
Detroit, MI 18.1% 20th +2.8pp 2nd 50% below peers
Nashville-Davidson metropolitan government (balance), TN 48.0% 6th +6.9pp 3rd 33% above peers
Fresno, CA 25.5% 19th +3.6pp 4th 29% below peers
Denver, CO 56.5% 3rd +7.1pp 5th 56% above peers
Tucson, AZ 31.1% 14th +3.7pp 6th 14% below peers
Oklahoma City, OK 34.7% 11th +4.1pp 7th 4% below peers
Baltimore, MD 36.1% 10th +4.2pp 8th on par with peers
Louisville/Jefferson County metro government (balance), KY 33.8% 12th +3.9pp 9th 7% below peers
Las Vegas, NV 27.6% 17th +3.1pp 10th 23% below peers
El Paso, TX 28.1% 15th +3.1pp 11th 22% below peers
Sacramento, CA 37.1% 9th +4.0pp 12th 3% above peers
Milwaukee, WI 27.4% 18th +2.8pp 13th 24% below peers
Albuquerque, NM 39.2% 7th +4.0pp 14th 9% above peers
Boston, MA 54.9% 4th +5.2pp 15th 52% above peers
Washington, DC 64.2% 2nd +5.7pp 16th 78% above peers
Kansas City, MO 38.4% 8th +3.1pp 17th 6% above peers
Memphis, TN 28.0% 16th +1.9pp 18th 22% below peers
Seattle, WA 68.5% 1st +4.4pp 19th 89% above peers
Portland, OR 53.8% 5th +3.3pp 20th 49% above peers
Where is this changing? 86 census tracts
Each tract is colored and ranked by its change from 2019 to 2024, between the same two survey periods as the card above, as a share of its own starting level: green tracts improved, red tracts moved the wrong way. Tracts marked * moved less than their own survey margin, so their color is a direction, not a claim. Hover a tract for its numbers and history, or a table row to find that tract on the map; click either for its location or its data in the Explorer.
EducationAdults with a bachelor's degree or higher
Loading tract map…
21 of 86 tracts cover a shorter window (dashed outline; mostly 2020 boundary changes). Each tract's change uses the same two survey periods as the card above and is judged against the tract's own published margins; tracts marked * moved less than their margin. How the tract view works →
Break down by group Sex · ACS 2024
Loading breakdown…

Peers worth a call

3
Cities of similar size (250k-1m) that started mid-pack, like this city, and whose improvement is sustained over several years, larger than the data's normal noise, and big enough to matter. Referral candidates to investigate, not proven interventions. How we pick these →
  • St. Petersburg, FL up 6.9pp between its surveys · a larger real gain than 94% of this group · 2019-2024
  • Winston-Salem, NC up 5.0pp between its surveys · a larger real gain than 80% of this group · 2019-2024
  • Long Beach, CA up 4.5pp between its surveys · a larger real gain than 79% of this group · 2019-2024
Census ACS 5-year survey through 2024 ±0.7pp at 90% confidence (2024 estimate) survey trend: 2015-2019 vs 2020-2024 surveys about this metric
Education

Children ages 3-4 enrolled in preschool

▲ Higher is better Worsening
Compared against How peers are chosen →

Preschool enrollment fell 9.6 percentage points between the 2015-2019 and 2020-2024 surveys, from 41.5% to 31.9% - more than the combined survey margin (±4.7pp). 7 of the 19 similar-size cities show a real change in the same direction. That is movement in the wrong direction.

Worsening beyond the survey margin, 2015-2019 vs 2020-2024 surveys; 8 of 19 similar-size cities show a real change.
Longer view: preschool enrollment fell 11.6 percentage points from 2014 to 2024 (43.5% to 31.9%).
31.9%
20112024
Compare all 20 similar-size cities by change rank
Change is measured between each place's two non-overlapping survey periods against its published margins (90% confidence). significant improvement · significant worsening · not significant (within the margin). Change rank orders every measured change; read it with the dot beside it, ranks among hollow-dot rows are ordering values inside their margins. Today's rank orders current values in the metric's better direction.
Place Latest2020-2024 survey Today's rank Change2015-2019 → 2020-2024 Sig. Change rank History Latest vs. peers
Kentucky ref 36.7% -4.5pp
United States ref 45.5%
El Paso, TX 47.3% 6th +6.8pp 1st 19% above peers
Memphis, TN 39.9% 10th +2.7pp 2nd on par with peers
Boston, MA 65.1% 3rd +4.0pp 3rd 63% above peers
Seattle, WA 70.3% 2nd +1.0pp 4th 76% above peers
Tucson, AZ 38.6% 13th +0.4pp 5th 3% below peers
Washington, DC 79.0% 1st +0.3pp 6th 98% above peers
Oklahoma City, OK 39.4% 11th -0.7pp 7th 1% below peers
Mesa, AZ 32.1% 18th -1.2pp 8th 20% below peers
Kansas City, MO 42.2% 8th -2.4pp 9th 6% above peers
Nashville-Davidson metropolitan government (balance), TN 37.0% 15th -2.2pp 10th 7% below peers
Denver, CO 52.5% 5th -3.2pp 11th 32% above peers
Fresno, CA 35.5% 16th -3.9pp 12th 11% below peers
Portland, OR 54.4% 4th -7.4pp 13th 36% above peers
Albuquerque, NM 38.7% 12th -5.9pp 14th 3% below peers
Las Vegas, NV 32.7% 17th -5.9pp 15th 18% below peers
Milwaukee, WI 42.3% 7th -7.8pp 16th 6% above peers
Sacramento, CA 38.0% 14th -8.4pp 17th 5% below peers
Baltimore, MD 42.0% 9th -9.8pp 18th 5% above peers
Louisville/Jefferson County metro government (balance), KY 31.9% 19th -9.6pp 19th 20% below peers
Detroit, MI 31.0% 20th -9.8pp 20th 22% below peers
Where is this changing? 86 census tracts
Each tract is colored and ranked by its change from 2019 to 2024, between the same two survey periods as the card above, as a share of its own starting level: green tracts improved, red tracts moved the wrong way. Tracts marked * moved less than their own survey margin, so their color is a direction, not a claim. Hover a tract for its numbers and history, or a table row to find that tract on the map; click either for its location or its data in the Explorer.
EducationChildren ages 3-4 enrolled in preschool
Loading tract map…
22 of 86 tracts cover a shorter window (dashed outline; mostly 2020 boundary changes); 1 has too little data to show a change (gray). Each tract's change uses the same two survey periods as the card above and is judged against the tract's own published margins; tracts marked * moved less than their margin. How the tract view works →
Census ACS 5-year survey through 2024 ±3.6pp at 90% confidence (2024 estimate) survey trend: 2015-2019 vs 2020-2024 surveys about this metric
Education

Teens not in school and not working

▼ Lower is better No measurable change
Compared against How peers are chosen →

Disconnected youth changed less than the survey can measure between the 2015-2019 and 2020-2024 surveys (7.8% then, 8.5% now; margin ±1.9pp).

Within the survey margin, 2015-2019 vs 2020-2024 surveys; 4 of 19 similar-size cities show a real change.
Longer view: disconnected youth fell 0.2 percentage points from 2014 to 2024 (8.7% to 8.5%).
8.5%
20102024
Compare all 20 similar-size cities by change rank
Change is measured between each place's two non-overlapping survey periods against its published margins (90% confidence). significant improvement · significant worsening · not significant (within the margin). Change rank orders every measured change; read it with the dot beside it, ranks among hollow-dot rows are ordering values inside their margins. Today's rank orders current values in the metric's better direction.
Place Latest2020-2024 survey Today's rank Change2015-2019 → 2020-2024 Sig. Change rank History Latest vs. peers
Kentucky ref 7.8% +0.4pp
United States ref 6.9% +0.3pp
Kansas City, MO 5.7% 4th -3.3pp 1st 30% below peers
Baltimore, MD 9.0% 17th -2.7pp 2nd 9% above peers
Washington, DC 5.2% 3rd -1.5pp 3rd 37% below peers
El Paso, TX 8.0% 10th -0.9pp 4th 3% below peers
Sacramento, CA 7.2% 7th -0.7pp 5th 12% below peers
Boston, MA 2.9% 1st -0.2pp 6th 64% below peers
Seattle, WA 3.1% 2nd -0.2pp 7th 62% below peers
Albuquerque, NM 7.2% 8th -0.4pp 8th 12% below peers
Oklahoma City, OK 8.2% 11th -0.4pp 9th on par with peers
Denver, CO 8.4% 12th -0.4pp 10th 2% above peers
Fresno, CA 8.9% 16th -0.4pp 11th 9% above peers
Tucson, AZ 7.3% 9th -0.0pp 12th 11% below peers
Mesa, AZ 8.5% 13th +0.3pp 13th 4% above peers
Nashville-Davidson metropolitan government (balance), TN 5.7% 6th +0.3pp 14th 30% below peers
Milwaukee, WI 8.8% 15th +0.7pp 15th 7% above peers
Louisville/Jefferson County metro government (balance), KY 8.5% 14th +0.7pp 16th 4% above peers
Portland, OR 5.7% 5th +0.6pp 17th 30% below peers
Memphis, TN 13.1% 19th +1.8pp 18th 60% above peers
Detroit, MI 16.7% 20th +2.7pp 19th 103% above peers
Las Vegas, NV 11.9% 18th +2.2pp 20th 45% above peers
Where is this changing? 86 census tracts
Each tract is colored and ranked by its change from 2019 to 2024, between the same two survey periods as the card above, as a share of its own starting level: green tracts improved, red tracts moved the wrong way. Tracts marked * moved less than their own survey margin, so their color is a direction, not a claim. Hover a tract for its numbers and history, or a table row to find that tract on the map; click either for its location or its data in the Explorer.
EducationTeens not in school and not working
Loading tract map…
21 of 86 tracts cover a shorter window (dashed outline; mostly 2020 boundary changes). Each tract's change uses the same two survey periods as the card above and is judged against the tract's own published margins; tracts marked * moved less than their margin. How the tract view works →

Peers worth a call

1
Cities of similar size (250k-1m) that started mid-pack, like this city, and whose improvement is sustained over several years, larger than the data's normal noise, and big enough to matter. Referral candidates to investigate, not proven interventions. How we pick these →
  • Chandler, AZ down 3.9pp between its surveys · a larger real gain than 99% of this group · 2019-2024
Census ACS 5-year survey (table B14005) through 2024 ±1.5pp at 90% confidence (2024 estimate) survey trend: 2015-2019 vs 2020-2024 surveys about this metric
See all Education data →
Demographics
Demographics

Population

No better direction Rising
Compared against How peers are chosen →

Population rose about 2% between the 2015-2019 and 2020-2024 surveys, from 617,790 to 631,818 - more than the combined survey margin (±238). 11 of the 19 similar-size cities show a real change in the same direction.

Rising beyond the survey margin, 2015-2019 vs 2020-2024 surveys; 16 of 19 similar-size cities show a real change.
Longer view: population rose about 4% from 2014 to 2024 (605,762 to 631,818).
631,818
20102024
Compare all 20 similar-size cities by change rank
Change is measured between each place's two non-overlapping survey periods against its published margins (90% confidence). significant improvement · significant worsening · not significant (within the margin). Change rank orders every measured change; read it with the dot beside it, ranks among hollow-dot rows are ordering values inside their margins. Today's rank orders current values in the metric's better direction.
Place Latest2020-2024 survey Today's rank Change2015-2019 → 2020-2024 Sig. Change rank History Latest vs. peers
Oklahoma City, OK 697,125 3rd +8% 1st 9% above peers
Sacramento, CA 528,706 18th +6% 2nd 17% below peers
Kansas City, MO 510,612 20th +5% 3rd 20% below peers
Seattle, WA 754,195 1st +4% 4th 18% above peers
Las Vegas, NV 660,400 8th +4% 5th 3% above peers
Fresno, CA 545,970 17th +4% 6th 14% below peers
Nashville-Davidson metropolitan government (balance), TN 690,130 4th +4% 7th 8% above peers
Mesa, AZ 511,764 19th +2% 8th 20% below peers
Louisville/Jefferson County metro government (balance), KY 631,818 11th +2% 9th 1% below peers
Denver, CO 718,877 2nd +2% 10th 13% above peers
Tucson, AZ 547,073 16th +1% 11th 14% below peers
Albuquerque, NM 562,218 15th +1% 12th 12% below peers
El Paso, TX 680,130 6th +0% 13th 7% above peers
Portland, OR 641,165 9th -1% 14th on par with peers
Washington, DC 681,294 5th -2% 15th 7% above peers
Boston, MA 666,442 7th -3% 16th 4% above peers
Milwaukee, WI 566,973 14th -5% 17th 11% below peers
Memphis, TN 618,980 12th -5% 18th 3% below peers
Detroit, MI 638,530 10th -5% 19th on par with peers
Baltimore, MD 573,243 13th -6% 20th 10% below peers
Where is this changing? 86 census tracts
Each tract is colored and ranked by its change from 2019 to 2024, between the same two survey periods as the card above, as a share of its own starting level: blue tracts rose, orange tracts fell. Tracts marked * moved less than their own survey margin, so their color is a direction, not a claim. Hover a tract for its numbers and history, or a table row to find that tract on the map; click either for its location or its data in the Explorer.
DemographicsPopulation
Loading tract map…
21 of 86 tracts cover a shorter window (dashed outline; mostly 2020 boundary changes). Each tract's change uses the same two survey periods as the card above and is judged against the tract's own published margins; tracts marked * moved less than their margin. How the tract view works →
Census ACS 5-year survey through 2024 ±200 at 90% confidence (2024 estimate) survey trend: 2015-2019 vs 2020-2024 surveys about this metric
Demographics

Children's share of the population

No better direction No measurable change
Compared against How peers are chosen →

Children changed less than the survey can measure between the 2015-2019 and 2020-2024 surveys (22.5% then, 22.5% now; margin ±0.3pp).

Within the survey margin, 2015-2019 vs 2020-2024 surveys; 17 of 19 similar-size cities show a real change.
Longer view: children fell 0.3 percentage points from 2017 to 2024 (22.8% to 22.5%).
22.5%
20172024
Compare all 20 similar-size cities by change rank
Change is measured between each place's two non-overlapping survey periods against its published margins (90% confidence). significant improvement · significant worsening · not significant (within the margin). Change rank orders every measured change; read it with the dot beside it, ranks among hollow-dot rows are ordering values inside their margins. Today's rank orders current values in the metric's better direction.
Place Latest2020-2024 survey Today's rank Change2015-2019 → 2020-2024 Sig. Change rank History Latest vs. peers
Kentucky ref 22.4% -0.2pp
United States ref 21.6% -0.7pp
Washington, DC 18.7% 16th +0.8pp 1st 17% below peers
Memphis, TN 25.2% 3rd +0.3pp 2nd 13% above peers
Baltimore, MD 20.9% 12th +0.2pp 3rd 7% below peers
Louisville/Jefferson County metro government (balance), KY 22.5% 8th +0.0pp 4th on par with peers
Detroit, MI 24.8% 6th -0.1pp 5th 11% above peers
Nashville-Davidson metropolitan government (balance), TN 20.7% 13th -0.3pp 6th 8% below peers
Milwaukee, WI 25.4% 2nd -0.6pp 7th 13% above peers
Kansas City, MO 22.5% 9th -0.6pp 8th on par with peers
Fresno, CA 27.4% 1st -1.0pp 9th 22% above peers
Oklahoma City, OK 24.9% 4th -1.0pp 10th 11% above peers
Boston, MA 15.1% 19th -0.8pp 11th 33% below peers
Las Vegas, NV 22.4% 10th -1.4pp 12th on par with peers
Sacramento, CA 21.5% 11th -1.6pp 13th 4% below peers
El Paso, TX 24.9% 5th -1.8pp 14th 11% above peers
Mesa, AZ 22.5% 7th -1.8pp 15th on par with peers
Portland, OR 16.3% 18th -1.5pp 16th 27% below peers
Seattle, WA 13.8% 20th -1.3pp 17th 39% below peers
Tucson, AZ 19.4% 15th -1.8pp 18th 14% below peers
Denver, CO 18.0% 17th -1.8pp 19th 20% below peers
Albuquerque, NM 20.3% 14th -2.1pp 20th 9% below peers
Where is this changing? 86 census tracts
Each tract is colored and ranked by its change from 2019 to 2024, between the same two survey periods as the card above, as a share of its own starting level: blue tracts rose, orange tracts fell. Tracts marked * moved less than their own survey margin, so their color is a direction, not a claim. Hover a tract for its numbers and history, or a table row to find that tract on the map; click either for its location or its data in the Explorer.
DemographicsChildren's share of the population
Loading tract map…
21 of 86 tracts cover a shorter window (dashed outline; mostly 2020 boundary changes). Each tract's change uses the same two survey periods as the card above and is judged against the tract's own published margins; tracts marked * moved less than their margin. How the tract view works →
Census ACS 5-year survey through 2024 ±0.2pp at 90% confidence (2024 estimate) survey trend: 2015-2019 vs 2020-2024 surveys about this metric
Demographics

Children in single-parent families

No better direction No measurable change
Compared against How peers are chosen →

Single-parent changed less than the survey can measure between the 2015-2019 and 2020-2024 surveys (39.9% then, 40.5% now; margin ±2.5pp).

Within the survey margin, 2015-2019 vs 2020-2024 surveys; 5 of 19 similar-size cities show a real change.
Longer view: single-parent fell 1.8 percentage points from 2014 to 2024 (42.4% to 40.5%).
40.5%
20102024
Compare all 20 similar-size cities by change rank
Change is measured between each place's two non-overlapping survey periods against its published margins (90% confidence). significant improvement · significant worsening · not significant (within the margin). Change rank orders every measured change; read it with the dot beside it, ranks among hollow-dot rows are ordering values inside their margins. Today's rank orders current values in the metric's better direction.
Place Latest2020-2024 survey Today's rank Change2015-2019 → 2020-2024 Sig. Change rank History Latest vs. peers
Kentucky ref 30.4% -1.0pp
United States ref 29.9% -0.2pp
Portland, OR 31.3% 17th +2.8pp 1st 23% below peers
Sacramento, CA 36.9% 14th +2.8pp 2nd 9% below peers
Albuquerque, NM 42.2% 8th +2.4pp 3rd 4% above peers
Milwaukee, WI 61.4% 2nd +2.9pp 4th 51% above peers
El Paso, TX 37.6% 13th +1.6pp 5th 7% below peers
Las Vegas, NV 38.0% 12th +1.6pp 6th 6% below peers
Louisville/Jefferson County metro government (balance), KY 40.5% 10th +0.6pp 7th on par with peers
Denver, CO 30.9% 18th +0.3pp 8th 24% below peers
Oklahoma City, OK 34.6% 16th +0.2pp 9th 15% below peers
Memphis, TN 59.9% 3rd -0.2pp 10th 48% above peers
Detroit, MI 67.1% 1st -1.0pp 11th 65% above peers
Mesa, AZ 30.4% 19th -0.5pp 12th 25% below peers
Nashville-Davidson metropolitan government (balance), TN 36.3% 15th -0.9pp 13th 10% below peers
Kansas City, MO 38.8% 11th -1.3pp 14th 4% below peers
Tucson, AZ 43.2% 6th -1.7pp 15th 7% above peers
Seattle, WA 21.1% 20th -1.0pp 16th 48% below peers
Washington, DC 45.3% 5th -2.3pp 17th 12% above peers
Baltimore, MD 54.2% 4th -3.8pp 18th 34% above peers
Fresno, CA 40.9% 9th -3.3pp 19th 1% above peers
Boston, MA 42.6% 7th -3.9pp 20th 5% above peers
Where is this changing? 86 census tracts
Each tract is colored and ranked by its change from 2019 to 2024, between the same two survey periods as the card above, as a share of its own starting level: blue tracts rose, orange tracts fell. Tracts marked * moved less than their own survey margin, so their color is a direction, not a claim. Hover a tract for its numbers and history, or a table row to find that tract on the map; click either for its location or its data in the Explorer.
DemographicsChildren in single-parent families
Loading tract map…
21 of 86 tracts cover a shorter window (dashed outline; mostly 2020 boundary changes). Each tract's change uses the same two survey periods as the card above and is judged against the tract's own published margins; tracts marked * moved less than their margin. How the tract view works →
Census ACS 5-year survey (table B09002) through 2024 ±1.7pp at 90% confidence (2024 estimate) survey trend: 2015-2019 vs 2020-2024 surveys about this metric
Demographics

Young children with all parents in the labor force

No better direction Turning down (early signal)
Compared against How peers are chosen →

Working parents changed less than the survey can measure between the 2015-2019 and 2020-2024 surveys (73.5% then, 69.0% now; margin ±5.0pp). The newest releases lean downward: each of the last 4 annual updates moved the 5-year average the same way - an early signal, not a measured change.*

Within the survey margin, 2015-2019 vs 2020-2024 surveys; 4 of 19 similar-size cities show a real change.
Longer view: working parents fell 3.7 percentage points from 2014 to 2024 (72.7% to 69.0%).
69.0%
20102024
Compare all 20 similar-size cities by change rank
Change is measured between each place's two non-overlapping survey periods against its published margins (90% confidence). significant improvement · significant worsening · not significant (within the margin). Change rank orders every measured change; read it with the dot beside it, ranks among hollow-dot rows are ordering values inside their margins. Today's rank orders current values in the metric's better direction.
Place Latest2020-2024 survey Today's rank Change2015-2019 → 2020-2024 Sig. Change rank History Latest vs. peers
Kentucky ref 66.0% -0.5pp
United States ref 68.1% +1.9pp
Sacramento, CA 71.9% 6th +7.6pp 1st 3% above peers
Oklahoma City, OK 68.8% 13th +4.6pp 2nd 1% below peers
Fresno, CA 65.0% 15th +3.6pp 3rd 7% below peers
Denver, CO 69.9% 9th +3.8pp 4th on par with peers
Seattle, WA 72.9% 4th +3.8pp 5th 5% above peers
Baltimore, MD 74.6% 3rd +3.8pp 6th 7% above peers
Mesa, AZ 63.5% 16th +1.6pp 7th 9% below peers
Washington, DC 77.5% 2nd +1.4pp 8th 11% above peers
Milwaukee, WI 72.5% 5th +1.3pp 9th 4% above peers
Boston, MA 78.6% 1st +0.9pp 10th 13% above peers
Albuquerque, NM 69.7% 10th +0.6pp 11th on par with peers
Portland, OR 70.6% 8th +0.1pp 12th 1% above peers
Nashville-Davidson metropolitan government (balance), TN 69.3% 11th -0.3pp 13th 1% below peers
Kansas City, MO 71.9% 7th -0.3pp 14th 3% above peers
Memphis, TN 66.7% 14th -1.8pp 15th 4% below peers
Las Vegas, NV 62.4% 18th -2.0pp 16th 11% below peers
El Paso, TX 58.5% 20th -2.2pp 17th 16% below peers
Tucson, AZ 62.5% 17th -3.9pp 18th 10% below peers
Louisville/Jefferson County metro government (balance), KY 69.0% 12th -4.6pp 19th 1% below peers
Detroit, MI 61.8% 19th -5.1pp 20th 11% below peers
Where is this changing? 86 census tracts
Each tract is colored and ranked by its change from 2019 to 2024, between the same two survey periods as the card above, as a share of its own starting level: blue tracts rose, orange tracts fell. Tracts marked * moved less than their own survey margin, so their color is a direction, not a claim. Hover a tract for its numbers and history, or a table row to find that tract on the map; click either for its location or its data in the Explorer.
DemographicsYoung children with all parents in the labor force
Loading tract map…
21 of 86 tracts cover a shorter window (dashed outline; mostly 2020 boundary changes). Each tract's change uses the same two survey periods as the card above and is judged against the tract's own published margins; tracts marked * moved less than their margin. How the tract view works →
Census ACS 5-year survey (table B23008) through 2024 ±4.0pp at 90% confidence (2024 estimate) survey trend: 2015-2019 vs 2020-2024 surveys *Early signal: consecutive releases agree on direction only; the size of the newest movement is not measurable from overlapping surveys. about this metric
See all Demographics data →