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Buffalo, NY
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Buffalo, NY

See all data for this place → See Buffalo on Skyline →
274,613 people (2025) 250k-1m Northeast

Bright spots 12 indicators

Where Buffalo, NY shows a real improvement in recent years, or stands clearly ahead of its peers. How this is calculated →
★
Homicide
Homicide rate
21 homicides
12 mo to May 2026
▼ 42%
relative change
36 in the prior 12 months
Dropping fast  
Learn more ↓
Household income
Median household income
$50,041
2020-24
▲ 34%
relative change
$37,354 in 2019
Real improvement Trailing peers
Learn more ↓
Child poverty
Share of children below the poverty level
35.5%
2020-24
▼ 23%
relative change
46.0% in 2019
Real improvement Trailing peers
Learn more ↓
No vehicle
Households without a vehicle
22.6%
2020-24
▼ 19%
relative change
27.9% in 2019
Real improvement Trailing peers
Learn more ↓
Broadband
Households with a broadband internet subscription
88.6%
2020-24
▲ 18%
relative change
74.9% in 2019
Real improvement Trailing peers
Learn more ↓
Vehicle theft
Motor vehicle theft rate
413 /100k
May 2026
▼ 18%
relative change
503 a year earlier
Improving recently  
Learn more ↓
Poverty
Share of people below the poverty level
26.0%
2020-24
▼ 14%
relative change
30.1% in 2019
Real improvement Trailing peers
Learn more ↓
College attainment
Adults with a bachelor's degree or higher
31.2%
2020-24
▲ 13%
relative change
27.6% in 2019
Real improvement Trailing peers
Learn more ↓
SNAP
Households receiving SNAP
29.9%
2019-23
▼ 11%
relative change
33.8% in 2018
Real improvement Trailing peers
Learn more ↓
Violent crime
Violent crime rate
702 /100k
May 2026
▲ 9%
relative change
644 a year earlier
Real, sustained progress  
Learn more ↓
Homeownership
Homeownership rate
43.0%
2020-24
▲ 6%
relative change
40.7% in 2019
Improving (small) Trailing peers
Learn more ↓
 ★
Uninsured
People without health insurance
4.1%
2020-24
▼ 11%
relative change
4.6% in 2019
No measurable change Leading peers
Learn more ↓

What needs attention 5 indicators

Where Buffalo, NY shows a real worsening in recent years, or trails its peers clearly. How this is calculated →
Disconnected youth
Teens not in school and not working
9.9%
2020-24
▲ 45%
relative change
6.8% in 2019
Worsening Trailing peers
Learn more ↓
Property crime
Property crime rate
3,445 /100k
May 2026
▲ 1%
relative change
3,402 a year earlier
Rising, the wrong way  
Learn more ↓
Inequality
Income inequality (Gini index)
0.50
2020-24
▼ 1%
relative change
0.51 in 2019
No measurable change Trailing peers
Learn more ↓
Cost burden
Housing cost-burdened households
37.7%
2020-24
▼ 2%
relative change
38.5% in 2019
No measurable change Trailing peers
Learn more ↓
Child uninsured
Children without health insurance
1.9%
2020-24
▲ 19%
relative change
1.6% in 2019
Turning up (early signal) Leading peers
Learn more ↓

Big moves & big gaps 5 indicators

Real movement and big differences from peers, where neither direction is simply good or bad. Biggest relative change first; big-gap cards come last. How this is calculated →
Working parents
Young children with all parents in the labor force
65.5%
2020-24
▲ 13%
relative change
57.8% in 2019
Rising Among the lowest of peers
Learn more ↓
Population
276,854
2020-24
▲ 8%
relative change
256,480 in 2019
Rising Among the lowest of peers
Learn more ↓
Rent
Typical asking rent
$1,425
Aug 2026
▲ 3%
relative change
$1,384 a year earlier
Rising recently Among the lowest of peers
Learn more ↓
Home value
Typical home value
$248,828
Aug 2026
▲ 3%
relative change
$241,816 a year earlier
Rising recently Among the lowest of peers
Learn more ↓
Single-parent
Children in single-parent families
52.2%
2020-24
high
vs peers
55.8% in 2019
No measurable change Among the highest of peers
Learn more ↓

All indicators

Public Safety 4 indicators
Public Safety

Violent crime rate

▼ Lower is better Worsening recently, faster than peers
Compared against How peers are chosen →
What changed

Violent crime rose about 9% over the 12 months ending May 2026, faster than 92% of similar-size cities.

Broader trend
Multi-year view: violent crime fell about 7% a year from 2021 to 2026, faster than 81% of similar-size cities. Buffalo started among the weakest third of similar-size cities, so some rebound is expected; still, the improvement is sustained and worth investigating.
Longer view
Violent crime fell about 5% a year from 2018 to 2026.
Latest
Most recent monthly reading: 702 in May 2026, up from 644 a year earlier.
Bright spot 702 per 100k
2018May 2026
Open in Explorer →
▸ Compare all 27 similar-size cities by change rank
Each place's latest 12 months compares against its prior 12. significant improvement · significant worsening · within chance fluctuation for counts this size (Poisson test at 90%; these are administrative tallies, so the test covers event randomness, not survey error). Reporting practices vary by agency, so comparisons are indicative, not definitive; see crime data cautions.
Place Latestper 100k Changelast 12 months Sig. Change rank History
U.S. (RTCI sample) ref 456 (Apr 26) -9.3%
Greensboro, NC 578 (Jul 26) -29.9% 1st
Toledo, OH 747 (Jun 26) -26.4% 2nd
Lubbock, TX 525 (Jul 26) -26.0% 3rd
Glendale, AZ 363 (Jun 26) -25.0% 4th
Laredo, TX 277 (Jul 26) -18.4% 5th
Garland, TX 184 (Jul 26) -16.8% 6th
Boise, ID 270 (Jun 26) -13.6% 7th
Jersey City, NJ 470 (Jul 26) -11.3% 8th
Fort Wayne, IN 267 (Jul 26) -4.9% 9th
Saint Paul, MN 491 (Jul 26) -4.7% 10th
Irving, TX 259 (Jul 26) -4.7% 11th
Durham, NC 535 (Jul 26) -4.7% 12th
St. Louis, MO 1,217 (Jul 26) -4.4% 13th
Winston-Salem, NC 775 (Apr 26) -4.3% 14th
Pittsburgh, PA 504 (Jun 26) -1.9% 15th
Chandler, AZ 118 (Jul 26) -1.5% 16th
Chula Vista, CA 365 (Jul 26) -1.5% 17th
Gilbert, AZ 123 (Jul 26) -0.8% 18th
Madison, WI 227 (Jul 26) +0.2% 19th
Plano, TX 145 (Jul 26) +1.0% 20th
Lincoln, NE 404 (Jul 26) +1.9% 21st
Scottsdale, AZ 177 (Jul 26) +4.9% 22nd
Reno, NV 512 (May 26) +6.8% 23rd
Chesapeake, VA 338 (Jul 26) +8.1% 24th
Buffalo, NY 702 (May 26) +8.9% 25th
North Las Vegas, NV 367 (Jun 26) +15.1% 26th
Port St. Lucie, FL 117 (May 26) +18.4% 27th
▸

Peers worth a call

3
Cities of similar size (250k-1m) that started in the weakest third, like this city, and whose improvement is sustained over several years, larger than the data's normal noise, and big enough to matter. Because this metric moves monthly, each listed city also held or improved over its own most recent 12 months (shown on each row), and the list is ordered by that recent movement. Referral candidates to investigate, not proven interventions. How we pick these →
Real-Time Crime Index through 2026-05 administrative trend: robust fit about this metric
Public Safety

Property crime rate

▼ Lower is better Worsening recently, faster than peers
Compared against How peers are chosen →
What changed

Property crime rose about 1% over the 12 months ending May 2026, faster than 100% of similar-size cities.

Broader trend
Multi-year view: property crime rose about 2% a year from 2021 to 2026. That is movement in the wrong direction.
Longer view
Property crime fell about 1% a year from 2018 to 2026.
Latest
Most recent monthly reading: 3,445 in May 2026, up from 3,402 a year earlier.
Needs attention 3,445 per 100k
2018May 2026
Open in Explorer →
▸ Compare all 27 similar-size cities by change rank
Each place's latest 12 months compares against its prior 12. significant improvement · significant worsening · within chance fluctuation for counts this size (Poisson test at 90%; these are administrative tallies, so the test covers event randomness, not survey error). Reporting practices vary by agency, so comparisons are indicative, not definitive; see crime data cautions.
Place Latestper 100k Changelast 12 months Sig. Change rank History
U.S. (RTCI sample) ref 1,987 (Apr 26) -12.2%
Reno, NV 1,827 (May 26) -24.9% 1st
Greensboro, NC 2,445 (Jul 26) -22.4% 2nd
Irving, TX 1,576 (Jul 26) -20.8% 3rd
Lubbock, TX 2,001 (Jul 26) -19.3% 4th
Laredo, TX 994 (Jul 26) -18.9% 5th
Boise, ID 814 (Jun 26) -18.3% 6th
Chandler, AZ 1,146 (Jul 26) -16.1% 7th
Plano, TX 1,114 (Jul 26) -15.5% 8th
Glendale, AZ 2,129 (Jun 26) -15.2% 9th
Fort Wayne, IN 1,686 (Jul 26) -14.4% 10th
Lincoln, NE 1,807 (Jul 26) -13.5% 11th
Gilbert, AZ 843 (Jul 26) -13.1% 12th
Toledo, OH 2,403 (Jun 26) -12.6% 13th
Garland, TX 1,529 (Jul 26) -12.3% 14th
Jersey City, NJ 1,697 (Jul 26) -12.2% 15th
Winston-Salem, NC 2,833 (Apr 26) -8.2% 16th
Scottsdale, AZ 1,690 (Jul 26) -7.7% 17th
Pittsburgh, PA 2,847 (Jun 26) -7.7% 18th
Chesapeake, VA 1,495 (Jul 26) -6.9% 19th
Durham, NC 3,535 (Jul 26) -6.6% 20th
North Las Vegas, NV 1,593 (Jun 26) -6.1% 21st
St. Louis, MO 4,964 (Jul 26) -5.3% 22nd
Chula Vista, CA 1,080 (Jul 26) -1.4% 23rd
Madison, WI 1,956 (Jul 26) -1.3% 24th
Port St. Lucie, FL 684 (May 26) -0.5% 25th
Saint Paul, MN 2,766 (Jul 26) +1.1% 26th
Buffalo, NY 3,445 (May 26) +1.3% 27th
▸

Peers worth a call

3
Cities of similar size (250k-1m) that started in the weakest third, like this city, and whose improvement is sustained over several years, larger than the data's normal noise, and big enough to matter. Because this metric moves monthly, each listed city also held or improved over its own most recent 12 months (shown on each row), and the list is ordered by that recent movement. Referral candidates to investigate, not proven interventions. How we pick these →
  • Tucson, AZ down about 30% over the 12 months ending July 2026 · sustained: down about 7% a year · 2021-2026
  • Lubbock, TX down about 19% over the 12 months ending July 2026 · sustained: down about 9% a year · 2021-2026
  • San Francisco, CA down about 18% over the 12 months ending July 2026 · sustained: down about 16% a year · 2021-2026
Real-Time Crime Index through 2026-05 administrative trend: robust fit about this metric
★
Public Safety

Homicide rate

▼ Lower is better Improving recently, leading peers ★ Strong performer
Compared against How peers are chosen →
What changed

Homicides fell about 42% over the 12 months ending May 2026, faster than 69% of similar-size cities.

Broader trend
Multi-year view: homicide fell about 12% a year from 2020 to 2025, faster than 73% of similar-size cities. The change does not yet pass the noise and consistency checks, so treat it as a raw signal.
Longer view
Homicide fell about 6% a year from 2018 to 2025.
Latest
Most recent reading: 21 homicides in the 12 months ending May 2026, down from 36 in the prior 12 months. That is 8 per 100,000 residents; peer comparisons use the rate.
Bright spot 21 homicides
2018May 2026
Open in Explorer →
▸ Compare all 27 similar-size cities by change rank
Each place's latest 12 months compares against its prior 12. significant improvement · significant worsening · within chance fluctuation for counts this size (Poisson test at 90%; these are administrative tallies, so the test covers event randomness, not survey error). Reporting practices vary by agency, so comparisons are indicative, not definitive; see crime data cautions.
Place Latestper 100k Changelast 12 months Sig. Change rank History
U.S. (RTCI sample) ref 6 (Apr 26) -17.8%
North Las Vegas, NV 0 (Jun 26) -95.8% 1st
Reno, NV 0 (May 26) -94.4% 2nd
Boise, ID 0 (Jun 26) -75.0% 3rd
Plano, TX 0 (Jul 26) -66.5% 4th
Irving, TX 1 (Jul 26) -62.4% 5th
Scottsdale, AZ 1 (Jul 26) -60.0% 6th
Garland, TX 2 (Jul 26) -58.4% 7th
Glendale, AZ 3 (Jun 26) -42.9% 8th
Buffalo, NY 8 (May 26) -41.6% 9th
Lincoln, NE 1 (Jul 26) -40.1% 10th
Greensboro, NC 8 (Jul 26) -40.0% 11th
Lubbock, TX 3 (Jul 26) -39.9% 12th
Laredo, TX 2 (Jul 26) -37.4% 13th
Fort Wayne, IN 10 (Jul 26) -22.2% 14th
Durham, NC 9 (Jul 26) -22.2% 15th
Madison, WI 2 (Jul 26) -14.3% 16th
Jersey City, NJ 3 (Jul 26) -9.1% 17th
Toledo, OH 9 (Jun 26) -8.0% 18th
St. Louis, MO 51 (Jul 26) +5.2% 19th
Saint Paul, MN 7 (Jul 26) +11.1% 20th
Port St. Lucie, FL 2 (May 26) +24.7% 21st
Winston-Salem, NC 11 (Apr 26) +27.1% 22nd
Pittsburgh, PA 11 (Jun 26) +29.6% 23rd
Chandler, AZ 1 (Jul 26) +50.5% 24th
Chula Vista, CA 3 (Jul 26) +75.2% 25th
Chesapeake, VA 5 (Jul 26) +133.2% 26th
Gilbert, AZ 3 (Jul 26) +899.7% 27th
▸

Peers worth a call

3
Cities of similar size (250k-1m) that started in the weakest third, like this city, and whose improvement is sustained over several years, larger than the data's normal noise, and big enough to matter. Because this metric moves monthly, each listed city also held or improved over its own most recent 12 months (shown on each row), and the list is ordered by that recent movement. Referral candidates to investigate, not proven interventions. How we pick these →
  • Newark, NJ down about 39% over the 12 months ending July 2026 · sustained: down about 13% a year · 2021-2026
  • Baltimore, MD down about 32% over the 12 months ending July 2026 · sustained: down about 16% a year · 2021-2026
  • Columbus, OH down about 29% over the 12 months ending June 2026 · sustained: down about 13% a year · 2021-2026
Real-Time Crime Index through 2026-06 administrative trend: robust fit about this metric
Public Safety

Motor vehicle theft rate

▼ Lower is better Improving recently
Compared against How peers are chosen →
What changed

Vehicle theft fell about 18% over the 12 months ending May 2026, slower than 58% of similar-size cities.

Broader trend
Multi-year view: vehicle theft is about 41% higher than in 2020 (334 then, 472 now), but the direction has turned: after peaking near 928 in 2023 it has fallen each year since.
Longer view
Vehicle theft rose about 14% a year from 2018 to 2025.
Latest
Most recent monthly reading: 413 in May 2026, down from 503 a year earlier.
Bright spot 413 per 100k
2018May 2026
Open in Explorer →
▸ Compare all 27 similar-size cities by change rank
Each place's latest 12 months compares against its prior 12. significant improvement · significant worsening · within chance fluctuation for counts this size (Poisson test at 90%; these are administrative tallies, so the test covers event randomness, not survey error). Reporting practices vary by agency, so comparisons are indicative, not definitive; see crime data cautions.
Place Latestper 100k Changelast 12 months Sig. Change rank History
U.S. (RTCI sample) ref 303 (Apr 26) -22.2%
Plano, TX 63 (Jul 26) -42.6% 1st
Glendale, AZ 230 (Jun 26) -41.8% 2nd
Garland, TX 203 (Jul 26) -34.5% 3rd
Irving, TX 221 (Jul 26) -33.5% 4th
Boise, ID 84 (Jun 26) -32.0% 5th
Laredo, TX 98 (Jul 26) -31.8% 6th
North Las Vegas, NV 431 (Jun 26) -30.6% 7th
Greensboro, NC 389 (Jul 26) -30.1% 8th
Gilbert, AZ 44 (Jul 26) -29.2% 9th
Reno, NV 238 (May 26) -27.7% 10th
Durham, NC 451 (Jul 26) -23.9% 11th
Chula Vista, CA 203 (Jul 26) -20.7% 12th
Port St. Lucie, FL 26 (May 26) -20.5% 13th
Lubbock, TX 183 (Jul 26) -19.2% 14th
Lincoln, NE 203 (Jul 26) -18.7% 15th
Buffalo, NY 413 (May 26) -17.9% 16th
Scottsdale, AZ 114 (Jul 26) -17.6% 17th
Chandler, AZ 74 (Jul 26) -14.1% 18th
Fort Wayne, IN 168 (Jul 26) -13.6% 19th
Chesapeake, VA 88 (Jul 26) -12.4% 20th
Toledo, OH 414 (Jun 26) -8.4% 21st
Saint Paul, MN 392 (Jul 26) -7.1% 22nd
Pittsburgh, PA 379 (Jun 26) -6.7% 23rd
St. Louis, MO 1,174 (Jul 26) -4.1% 24th
Winston-Salem, NC 340 (Apr 26) -3.3% 25th
Jersey City, NJ 272 (Jul 26) -2.6% 26th
Madison, WI 120 (Jul 26) +12.0% 27th
▸

Peers worth a call

3
Cities of similar size (250k-1m) that started mid-pack, like this city, and whose improvement is sustained over several years, larger than the data's normal noise, and big enough to matter. Because this metric moves monthly, each listed city also held or improved over its own most recent 12 months (shown on each row), and the list is ordered by that recent movement. Referral candidates to investigate, not proven interventions. How we pick these →
  • Miami, FL down about 37% over the 12 months ending July 2026 · sustained: down about 9% a year · 2021-2026
  • Reno, NV down about 28% over the 12 months ending May 2026 · sustained: down about 4% a year · 2020-2025
  • Lubbock, TX down about 19% over the 12 months ending July 2026 · sustained: down about 15% a year · 2021-2026
Real-Time Crime Index through 2026-06 administrative trend: robust fit about this metric
See all Public Safety data →
Economy 7 indicators
Economy

Median household income

▲ Higher is better Real improvement
Compared against How peers are chosen →
What changed

Household income rose about 34% between the 2015-2019 and 2020-2024 surveys, from $37,354 to $50,041 (each survey's own dollars, not adjusted for inflation) - more than the combined survey margin (±$2,294).

Broader trend
All similar-size cities show a real change in the same direction. Buffalo started among the weakest third of similar-size cities, so some rebound is expected; still, the improvement is sustained and worth investigating.
Longer view
Household income rose about 58% from 2014 to 2024 ($31,668 to $50,041).
Bright spot $50,041
20102024
Open in Explorer →
▸ Compare all 30 similar-size cities by change rank
Change is measured between each place's two non-overlapping survey periods against its published margins (90% confidence). significant improvement · significant worsening · not significant (within the margin). Change rank orders every measured change; read it with the dot beside it, ranks among hollow-dot rows are ordering values inside their margins. Today's rank orders current values in the metric's better direction.
Place Latest2020-2024 survey Today's rank Change2015-2019 → 2020-2024 Sig. Change rank History Latest vs. peers
New York ref $85,974 +26%
United States ref $80,734 +28%
Boise, ID $83,904 10th +40% 1st 5% above peers
Durham, NC $81,619 12th +39% 2nd 3% above peers
Jersey City, NJ $97,710 8th +38% 3rd 23% above peers
Reno, NV $80,760 13th +37% 4th 2% above peers
Pittsburgh, PA $65,742 22nd +35% 5th 17% below peers
Laredo, TX $63,915 23rd +34% 6th 20% below peers
Buffalo, NY $50,041 29th +34% 7th 37% below peers
Glendale, AZ $73,530 19th +34% 8th 8% below peers
Port St. Lucie, FL $80,648 14th +33% 9th 1% above peers
North Las Vegas, NV $79,542 15th +33% 10th on par with peers
Chula Vista, CA $108,032 5th +33% 11th 36% above peers
St. Petersburg, FL $75,192 18th +32% 12th 5% below peers
Toledo, OH $49,724 30th +32% 13th 37% below peers
Chandler, AZ $108,095 4th +30% 14th 36% above peers
Winston-Salem, NC $59,268 27th +30% 15th 25% below peers
St. Louis, MO $56,160 28th +28% 16th 29% below peers
Saint Paul, MN $73,394 20th +27% 17th 8% below peers
Gilbert, AZ $122,551 1st +27% 18th 54% above peers
Irving, TX $81,830 11th +26% 19th 3% above peers
Scottsdale, AZ $110,886 3rd +26% 20th 39% above peers
Greensboro, NC $61,515 24th +26% 21st 23% below peers
Garland, TX $76,320 17th +25% 22nd 4% below peers
Lincoln, NE $71,867 21st +24% 23rd 10% below peers
Fort Wayne, IN $61,422 25th +24% 24th 23% below peers
Anchorage municipality, AK $103,284 6th +22% 25th 30% above peers
Chesapeake, VA $95,373 9th +21% 26th 20% above peers
Enterprise, NV $98,462 7th +21% 27th 24% above peers
Lubbock, TX $60,895 26th +21% 28th 23% below peers
Madison, WI $78,050 16th +19% 29th 2% below peers
Plano, TX $112,253 2nd +17% 30th 41% above peers
▸ Where is this changing? 92 census tracts
Each tract is colored and ranked by its change from 2019 to 2024, between the same two survey periods as the card above, as a share of its own starting level: green tracts improved, red tracts moved the wrong way. Tracts marked * moved less than their own survey margin, so their color is a direction, not a claim. Hover a tract for its numbers and history, or a table row to find that tract on the map; click either for its location or its data in the Explorer.
EconomyMedian household income
Loading tract map…
26 of 92 tracts cover a shorter window (dashed outline; mostly 2020 boundary changes); 3 have too little data to show a change (gray). Each tract's change uses the same two survey periods as the card above and is judged against the tract's own published margins; tracts marked * moved less than their margin. How the tract view works →
▸ Break down by group Race · ACS 2024
Loading breakdown…
How breakdowns work →
▸

Peers worth a call

3
Cities of similar size (250k-1m) that started in the weakest third, like this city, and whose improvement is sustained over several years, larger than the data's normal noise, and big enough to matter. Referral candidates to investigate, not proven interventions. How we pick these →
  • Miami, FL up about 60% between its surveys · a larger real gain than 100% of this group · 2019-2024
  • Newark, NJ up about 48% between its surveys · a larger real gain than 99% of this group · 2019-2024
  • Fresno, CA up about 41% between its surveys · a larger real gain than 92% of this group · 2019-2024
Census ACS 5-year survey through 2024 ±$1,988 at 90% confidence (2024 estimate) survey trend: 2015-2019 vs 2020-2024 surveys about this metric
Economy

Unemployment rate

▼ Lower is better Worsening recently
Compared against How peers are chosen →
What changed

Unemployment rose 0.2 percentage points over the 12 months ending July 2026, faster than 57% of similar-size cities.

Broader trend
Multi-year view: unemployment rose about 0.2 percentage points a year from 2022 to 2025. That is movement in the wrong direction.
Longer view
Unemployment fell about 0.2 percentage points a year from 2015 to 2025.
Latest
Most recent monthly reading: 5.7% in July 2026, up from 5.5% a year earlier.
5.7%
1990July 2026
Open in Explorer →
▸ Compare all 29 similar-size cities by change rank
Place Latest Today's rank Changelast 12 months Change rank History Latest vs. peers
New York ref 4.4% (Jul 26) +0.0pp
United States ref 4.1% (Aug 26) -0.2pp
Toledo, OH 4.8% (Jul 26) 23rd -3.0pp 1st 12% above peers
Jersey City, NJ 4.2% (Jul 26) 11th -1.1pp 2nd 2% below peers
St. Louis, MO 4.4% (Jul 26) 16th -0.7pp 3rd 2% above peers
Fort Wayne, IN 3.4% (Jul 26) 5th -0.6pp 4th 21% below peers
Greensboro, NC 4.4% (Jul 26) 17th -0.6pp 5th 2% above peers
Winston-Salem, NC 4.2% (Jul 26) 12th -0.5pp 6th 2% below peers
North Las Vegas, NV 5.6% (Jul 26) 28th -0.5pp 7th 30% above peers
Reno, NV 3.9% (Jul 26) 9th -0.4pp 8th 9% below peers
Chula Vista, CA 5.1% (Jul 26) 27th -0.3pp 9th 19% above peers
Durham, NC 3.4% (Jul 26) 6th -0.3pp 10th 21% below peers
Anchorage municipality, AK 3.2% (Jul 26) 4th -0.3pp 11th 26% below peers
Lincoln, NE 2.6% (Jul 26) 1st -0.3pp 12th 40% below peers
Laredo, TX 4.8% (Jul 26) 24th -0.1pp 13th 12% above peers
Boise, ID 3.1% (Jul 26) 3rd -0.1pp 14th 28% below peers
Pittsburgh, PA 3.7% (Jul 26) 8th -0.1pp 15th 14% below peers
Madison, WI 2.9% (Jul 26) 2nd +0.2pp 16th 33% below peers
Buffalo, NY 5.7% (Jul 26) 29th +0.2pp 17th 33% above peers
Chesapeake, VA 3.6% (Jul 26) 7th +0.2pp 18th 16% below peers
Irving, TX 4.2% (Jul 26) 13th +0.3pp 19th 2% below peers
Glendale, AZ 4.9% (Jul 26) 25th +0.3pp 20th 14% above peers
Lubbock, TX 4.4% (Jul 26) 18th +0.4pp 21st 2% above peers
Garland, TX 4.5% (Jul 26) 19th +0.4pp 22nd 5% above peers
Gilbert, AZ 4.1% (Jul 26) 10th +0.5pp 23rd 5% below peers
Chandler, AZ 4.3% (Jul 26) 15th +0.5pp 24th on par with peers
Port St. Lucie, FL 5.0% (Jul 26) 26th +0.5pp 25th 16% above peers
St. Petersburg, FL 4.2% (Jul 26) 14th +0.5pp 26th 2% below peers
Plano, TX 4.5% (Jul 26) 20th +0.5pp 27th 5% above peers
Saint Paul, MN 4.6% (Jul 26) 22nd +0.7pp 28th 7% above peers
Scottsdale, AZ 4.5% (Jul 26) 21st +0.8pp 29th 5% above peers
BLS Local Area Unemployment Statistics through 2025 administrative trend: robust fit about this metric
Economy

Share of people below the poverty level

▼ Lower is better Real improvement
Compared against How peers are chosen →
What changed

Poverty fell 4.1 percentage points between the 2015-2019 and 2020-2024 surveys, from 30.1% to 26.0% - more than the combined survey margin (±1.6pp).

Broader trend
31% of similar-size cities show a real change in the same direction. Buffalo started among the weakest third of similar-size cities, so some rebound is expected; still, the improvement is sustained and worth investigating.
Longer view
Poverty fell 4.9 percentage points from 2014 to 2024 (30.9% to 26.0%).
Bright spot 26.0%
20112024
Open in Explorer →
▸ Compare all 30 similar-size cities by change rank
Change is measured between each place's two non-overlapping survey periods against its published margins (90% confidence). significant improvement · significant worsening · not significant (within the margin). Change rank orders every measured change; read it with the dot beside it, ranks among hollow-dot rows are ordering values inside their margins. Today's rank orders current values in the metric's better direction.
Place Latest2020-2024 survey Today's rank Change2015-2019 → 2020-2024 Sig. Change rank History Latest vs. peers
New York ref 14.0% -0.1pp
United States ref 12.4%
Durham, NC 11.7% 12th -4.2pp 1st 8% below peers
Boise, ID 10.6% 10th -3.2pp 2nd 17% below peers
Laredo, TX 20.9% 28th -5.8pp 3rd 64% above peers
Saint Paul, MN 15.6% 19th -3.3pp 4th 23% above peers
Glendale, AZ 15.1% 18th -3.1pp 5th 19% above peers
Winston-Salem, NC 17.7% 24th -3.0pp 6th 39% above peers
Buffalo, NY 26.0% 30th -4.1pp 7th 104% above peers
North Las Vegas, NV 12.1% 13th -1.7pp 8th 5% below peers
Irving, TX 11.0% 11th -1.2pp 9th 13% below peers
Chula Vista, CA 8.8% 6th -0.9pp 10th 31% below peers
Jersey City, NJ 15.6% 20th -1.5pp 11th 23% above peers
Greensboro, NC 17.0% 23rd -1.5pp 12th 34% above peers
St. Petersburg, FL 12.4% 14th -0.9pp 13th 2% below peers
Reno, NV 12.7% 15th -0.8pp 14th 1% below peers
Lubbock, TX 18.9% 25th -1.2pp 15th 48% above peers
Lincoln, NE 12.7% 16th -0.8pp 16th on par with peers
St. Louis, MO 20.6% 27th -1.2pp 17th 62% above peers
Toledo, OH 24.3% 29th -1.1pp 18th 91% above peers
Scottsdale, AZ 7.3% 3rd -0.3pp 19th 43% below peers
Madison, WI 16.4% 22nd -0.5pp 20th 28% above peers
Pittsburgh, PA 20.1% 26th -0.4pp 21st 58% above peers
Garland, TX 13.0% 17th -0.1pp 22nd 2% above peers
Anchorage municipality, AK 8.9% 7th -0.1pp 23rd 30% below peers
Gilbert, AZ 5.3% 1st -0.0pp 24th 59% below peers
Plano, TX 6.8% 2nd -0.0pp 25th 47% below peers
Fort Wayne, IN 16.0% 21st +0.1pp 26th 26% above peers
Chandler, AZ 7.9% 4th +0.3pp 27th 38% below peers
Port St. Lucie, FL 9.5% 9th +0.5pp 28th 26% below peers
Chesapeake, VA 9.4% 8th +0.8pp 29th 26% below peers
Enterprise, NV 8.7% 5th +1.0pp 30th 32% below peers
▸ Where is this changing? 92 census tracts
Each tract is colored and ranked by its change from 2019 to 2024, between the same two survey periods as the card above, as a share of its own starting level: green tracts improved, red tracts moved the wrong way. Tracts marked * moved less than their own survey margin, so their color is a direction, not a claim. Hover a tract for its numbers and history, or a table row to find that tract on the map; click either for its location or its data in the Explorer.
EconomyShare of people below the poverty level
Loading tract map…
25 of 92 tracts cover a shorter window (dashed outline; mostly 2020 boundary changes); 2 have too little data to show a change (gray). Each tract's change uses the same two survey periods as the card above and is judged against the tract's own published margins; tracts marked * moved less than their margin. How the tract view works →
▸ Break down by group Race · Age · Sex · ACS 2024
Loading breakdown…
How breakdowns work →
▸

Peers worth a call

3
Cities of similar size (250k-1m) that started in the weakest third, like this city, and whose improvement is sustained over several years, larger than the data's normal noise, and big enough to matter. Referral candidates to investigate, not proven interventions. How we pick these →
  • Laredo, TX down 5.8pp between its surveys · a larger real gain than 95% of this group · 2019-2024
  • Fresno, CA down 5.1pp between its surveys · a larger real gain than 94% of this group · 2019-2024
  • Atlanta, GA down 3.9pp between its surveys · a larger real gain than 90% of this group · 2019-2024
Census ACS 5-year survey through 2024 ±1.0pp at 90% confidence (2024 estimate) survey trend: 2015-2019 vs 2020-2024 surveys about this metric
Economy

Share of children below the poverty level

▼ Lower is better Real improvement
Compared against How peers are chosen →
What changed

Child poverty fell 10.4 percentage points between the 2015-2019 and 2020-2024 surveys, from 46.0% to 35.5% - more than the combined survey margin (±2.4pp).

Broader trend
38% of similar-size cities show a real change in the same direction; 10% moved the other way. Buffalo started among the weakest third of similar-size cities, so some rebound is expected; still, the improvement is sustained and worth investigating.
Longer view
Child poverty fell 12.2 percentage points from 2014 to 2024 (47.8% to 35.5%).
Bright spot 35.5%
20132024
Open in Explorer →
▸ Compare all 30 similar-size cities by change rank
Change is measured between each place's two non-overlapping survey periods against its published margins (90% confidence). significant improvement · significant worsening · not significant (within the margin). Change rank orders every measured change; read it with the dot beside it, ranks among hollow-dot rows are ordering values inside their margins. Today's rank orders current values in the metric's better direction.
Place Latest2020-2024 survey Today's rank Change2015-2019 → 2020-2024 Sig. Change rank History Latest vs. peers
New York ref 18.3% -1.3pp
United States ref 16.1%
Durham, NC 16.6% 16th -7.9pp 1st on par with peers
Boise, ID 11.1% 8th -5.1pp 2nd 33% below peers
North Las Vegas, NV 15.4% 14th -5.2pp 3rd 7% below peers
Glendale, AZ 20.2% 19th -6.8pp 4th 22% above peers
Laredo, TX 28.3% 26th -8.5pp 5th 71% above peers
Buffalo, NY 35.5% 29th -10.4pp 6th 114% above peers
Scottsdale, AZ 8.4% 3rd -2.2pp 7th 49% below peers
Saint Paul, MN 22.0% 21st -5.6pp 8th 33% above peers
Winston-Salem, NC 25.9% 25th -6.1pp 9th 56% above peers
Anchorage municipality, AK 10.8% 7th -2.3pp 10th 35% below peers
Chesapeake, VA 12.5% 9th -2.4pp 11th 25% below peers
St. Louis, MO 29.7% 27th -4.2pp 12th 79% above peers
Greensboro, NC 23.5% 23rd -3.2pp 13th 42% above peers
St. Petersburg, FL 17.7% 17th -2.2pp 14th 6% above peers
Chula Vista, CA 10.0% 5th -1.2pp 15th 40% below peers
Lubbock, TX 20.1% 18th -1.9pp 16th 21% above peers
Gilbert, AZ 5.0% 1st -0.4pp 17th 70% below peers
Jersey City, NJ 22.9% 22nd -1.9pp 18th 38% above peers
Garland, TX 20.3% 20th -1.5pp 19th 23% above peers
Irving, TX 16.4% 15th -1.2pp 20th 1% below peers
Plano, TX 7.9% 2nd -0.5pp 21st 52% below peers
Reno, NV 14.9% 13th -0.8pp 22nd 10% below peers
Lincoln, NE 13.6% 11th -0.6pp 23rd 18% below peers
Toledo, OH 36.0% 30th -0.8pp 24th 117% above peers
Fort Wayne, IN 23.8% 24th -0.3pp 25th 44% above peers
Chandler, AZ 9.9% 4th +0.4pp 26th 40% below peers
Pittsburgh, PA 30.8% 28th +3.7pp 27th 86% above peers
Madison, WI 13.9% 12th +2.1pp 28th 16% below peers
Enterprise, NV 10.6% 6th +2.1pp 29th 36% below peers
Port St. Lucie, FL 12.8% 10th +2.7pp 30th 23% below peers
▸ Where is this changing? 92 census tracts
Each tract is colored and ranked by its change from 2019 to 2024, between the same two survey periods as the card above, as a share of its own starting level: green tracts improved, red tracts moved the wrong way. Tracts marked * moved less than their own survey margin, so their color is a direction, not a claim. Hover a tract for its numbers and history, or a table row to find that tract on the map; click either for its location or its data in the Explorer.
EconomyShare of children below the poverty level
Loading tract map…
24 of 92 tracts cover a shorter window (dashed outline; mostly 2020 boundary changes); 3 have too little data to show a change (gray). Each tract's change uses the same two survey periods as the card above and is judged against the tract's own published margins; tracts marked * moved less than their margin. How the tract view works →
▸

Peers worth a call

3
Cities of similar size (250k-1m) that started in the weakest third, like this city, and whose improvement is sustained over several years, larger than the data's normal noise, and big enough to matter. Referral candidates to investigate, not proven interventions. How we pick these →
  • Atlanta, GA down 10.2pp between its surveys · a larger real gain than 92% of this group · 2019-2024
  • Glendale, AZ down 6.8pp between its surveys · a larger real gain than 89% of this group · 2019-2024
  • Boston, MA down 6.6pp between its surveys · a larger real gain than 86% of this group · 2019-2024
Census ACS 5-year survey through 2024 ±1.8pp at 90% confidence (2024 estimate) survey trend: 2015-2019 vs 2020-2024 surveys about this metric
Economy

Households with a broadband internet subscription

▲ Higher is better Real improvement
Compared against How peers are chosen →
What changed

Broadband rose 13.7 percentage points between the 2015-2019 and 2020-2024 surveys, from 74.9% to 88.6% - more than the combined survey margin (±1.0pp).

Broader trend
97% of similar-size cities show a real change in the same direction. Buffalo started among the weakest third of similar-size cities, so some rebound is expected; still, the improvement is sustained and worth investigating.
Longer view
Broadband rose 21.9 percentage points from 2017 to 2024 (66.8% to 88.6%).
Bright spot 88.6%
20172024
Open in Explorer →
▸ Compare all 30 similar-size cities by change rank
Change is measured between each place's two non-overlapping survey periods against its published margins (90% confidence). significant improvement · significant worsening · not significant (within the margin). Change rank orders every measured change; read it with the dot beside it, ranks among hollow-dot rows are ordering values inside their margins. Today's rank orders current values in the metric's better direction.
Place Latest2020-2024 survey Today's rank Change2015-2019 → 2020-2024 Sig. Change rank History Latest vs. peers
New York ref 91.0% +7.8pp
United States ref 91.1%
Laredo, TX 87.5% 28th +18.9pp 1st 6% below peers
Greensboro, NC 91.0% 20th +17.9pp 2nd 2% below peers
Buffalo, NY 88.6% 26th +13.7pp 3rd 4% below peers
St. Louis, MO 86.9% 30th +12.5pp 4th 6% below peers
Boise, ID 93.8% 10th +10.5pp 5th 1% above peers
Winston-Salem, NC 88.5% 27th +9.2pp 6th 5% below peers
Toledo, OH 87.2% 29th +9.0pp 7th 6% below peers
Glendale, AZ 88.8% 25th +8.8pp 8th 4% below peers
Lubbock, TX 88.9% 24th +8.8pp 9th 4% below peers
Pittsburgh, PA 90.6% 22nd +8.8pp 10th 2% below peers
St. Petersburg, FL 92.5% 17th +8.6pp 11th on par with peers
North Las Vegas, NV 93.2% 12th +8.6pp 12th on par with peers
Irving, TX 92.8% 14th +7.4pp 13th on par with peers
Fort Wayne, IN 90.8% 21st +6.9pp 14th 2% below peers
Jersey City, NJ 92.6% 16th +6.8pp 15th on par with peers
Durham, NC 93.7% 11th +6.7pp 16th 1% above peers
Saint Paul, MN 91.8% 18th +6.2pp 17th 1% below peers
Reno, NV 89.7% 23rd +5.8pp 18th 3% below peers
Garland, TX 94.9% 7th +6.2pp 19th 2% above peers
Chula Vista, CA 94.8% 8th +6.1pp 20th 2% above peers
Lincoln, NE 92.9% 13th +5.1pp 21st on par with peers
Port St. Lucie, FL 95.0% 6th +4.7pp 22nd 2% above peers
Anchorage municipality, AK 94.6% 9th +4.5pp 23rd 2% above peers
Enterprise, NV 97.0% 1st +4.3pp 24th 5% above peers
Scottsdale, AZ 96.3% 4th +3.8pp 25th 4% above peers
Chandler, AZ 95.4% 5th +3.5pp 26th 3% above peers
Madison, WI 91.5% 19th +2.8pp 27th 1% below peers
Plano, TX 96.7% 3rd +2.6pp 28th 4% above peers
Chesapeake, VA 92.8% 15th +2.5pp 29th on par with peers
Gilbert, AZ 97.0% 2nd +1.1pp 30th 5% above peers
▸ Where is this changing? 92 census tracts
Each tract is colored and ranked by its change from 2019 to 2024, between the same two survey periods as the card above, as a share of its own starting level: green tracts improved, red tracts moved the wrong way. Tracts marked * moved less than their own survey margin, so their color is a direction, not a claim. Hover a tract for its numbers and history, or a table row to find that tract on the map; click either for its location or its data in the Explorer.
EconomyHouseholds with a broadband internet subscription
Loading tract map…
25 of 92 tracts cover a shorter window (dashed outline; mostly 2020 boundary changes); 2 have too little data to show a change (gray). Each tract's change uses the same two survey periods as the card above and is judged against the tract's own published margins; tracts marked * moved less than their margin. How the tract view works →
▸

Peers worth a call

3
Cities of similar size (250k-1m) that started in the weakest third, like this city, and whose improvement is sustained over several years, larger than the data's normal noise, and big enough to matter. Referral candidates to investigate, not proven interventions. How we pick these →
  • San Juan zona urbana, PR up 18.9pp between its surveys · a larger real gain than 100% of this group · 2019-2024
  • Detroit, MI up 21.2pp between its surveys · a larger real gain than 99% of this group · 2019-2024
  • Laredo, TX up 18.9pp between its surveys · a larger real gain than 98% of this group · 2019-2024
Census ACS 5-year survey through 2024 ±0.5pp at 90% confidence (2024 estimate) survey trend: 2015-2019 vs 2020-2024 surveys about this metric
Economy

Income inequality (Gini index)

▼ Lower is better No measurable change
Compared against How peers are chosen →
What changed

Inequality changed less than the survey can measure between the 2015-2019 and 2020-2024 surveys (0.51 then, 0.50 now; margin ±0.01).

Broader trend
24% of similar-size cities show a real change in either direction.
Longer view
Inequality held roughly steady from 2014 to 2024.
Needs attention 0.50
20102024
Open in Explorer →
▸ Compare all 30 similar-size cities by change rank
Change is measured between each place's two non-overlapping survey periods against its published margins (90% confidence). significant improvement · significant worsening · not significant (within the margin). Change rank orders every measured change; read it with the dot beside it, ranks among hollow-dot rows are ordering values inside their margins. Today's rank orders current values in the metric's better direction.
Place Latest2020-2024 survey Today's rank Change2015-2019 → 2020-2024 Sig. Change rank History Latest vs. peers
New York ref 0.52 +0.003
United States ref 0.48 +0.001
Laredo, TX 0.45 16th -0.025 1st on par with peers
Glendale, AZ 0.43 9th -0.023 2nd 5% below peers
Toledo, OH 0.45 14th -0.015 3rd on par with peers
Winston-Salem, NC 0.51 27th -0.016 4th 12% above peers
Jersey City, NJ 0.51 28th -0.010 5th 12% above peers
Boise, ID 0.46 18th -0.008 6th 3% above peers
Garland, TX 0.40 3rd -0.006 7th 10% below peers
Buffalo, NY 0.50 25th -0.007 8th 11% above peers
Greensboro, NC 0.49 23rd -0.005 9th 9% above peers
Durham, NC 0.46 17th -0.003 10th 2% above peers
St. Louis, MO 0.50 26th -0.001 11th 12% above peers
Plano, TX 0.45 13th -0.001 12th 1% below peers
Chandler, AZ 0.42 6th -0.001 13th 7% below peers
Saint Paul, MN 0.48 21st -0.000 14th 6% above peers
Fort Wayne, IN 0.44 12th +0.001 15th 2% below peers
Pittsburgh, PA 0.52 29th +0.001 16th 16% above peers
Anchorage municipality, AK 0.43 10th +0.001 17th 4% below peers
Chula Vista, CA 0.42 8th +0.003 18th 6% below peers
Lincoln, NE 0.45 15th +0.003 19th on par with peers
Irving, TX 0.44 11th +0.004 20th 3% below peers
Lubbock, TX 0.49 22nd +0.006 21st 9% above peers
Madison, WI 0.47 19th +0.007 22nd 4% above peers
North Las Vegas, NV 0.40 2nd +0.008 23rd 11% below peers
Port St. Lucie, FL 0.41 4th +0.009 24th 9% below peers
Chesapeake, VA 0.42 5th +0.009 25th 7% below peers
Reno, NV 0.48 20th +0.011 26th 6% above peers
Gilbert, AZ 0.39 1st +0.013 27th 13% below peers
St. Petersburg, FL 0.50 24th +0.016 28th 10% above peers
Scottsdale, AZ 0.52 30th +0.019 29th 16% above peers
Enterprise, NV 0.42 7th +0.022 30th 6% below peers
Census ACS 5-year survey (table B19083) through 2024 ±0.01 at 90% confidence (2024 estimate) survey trend: 2015-2019 vs 2020-2024 surveys about this metric
Economy

Households receiving SNAP

▼ Lower is better Real improvement
Compared against How peers are chosen →
What changed

SNAP fell 3.9 percentage points between the 2014-2018 and 2019-2023 surveys, from 33.8% to 29.9% - more than the combined survey margin (±1.5pp). That reverses the previous span, which went up between the 2009-2013 and 2014-2018 surveys.

Broader trend
48% of similar-size cities show a real change in the same direction; 17% moved the other way. Buffalo started among the weakest third of similar-size cities, so some rebound is expected; still, the improvement is sustained and worth investigating.
Longer view
Snap fell 2.5 percentage points from 2013 to 2023 (32.4% to 29.9%).
Bright spot 29.9%
20102023
Open in Explorer →
▸ Compare all 30 similar-size cities by change rank
Change is measured between each place's two non-overlapping survey periods against its published margins (90% confidence). significant improvement · significant worsening · not significant (within the margin). Change rank orders every measured change; read it with the dot beside it, ranks among hollow-dot rows are ordering values inside their margins. Today's rank orders current values in the metric's better direction.
Place Latest2019-2023 survey Today's rank Change2014-2018 → 2019-2023 Sig. Change rank History Latest vs. peers
New York ref 15.0% +0.1pp
United States ref 11.8% -0.5pp
Boise, ID 6.2% 6th -2.9pp 1st 42% below peers
Irving, TX 6.2% 5th -2.8pp 2nd 42% below peers
St. Petersburg, FL 9.1% 12th -3.8pp 3rd 15% below peers
Garland, TX 8.8% 10th -3.6pp 4th 18% below peers
Scottsdale, AZ 2.3% 1st -0.9pp 5th 78% below peers
Durham, NC 9.3% 14th -2.7pp 6th 14% below peers
Fort Wayne, IN 11.4% 18th -2.9pp 7th 6% above peers
Jersey City, NJ 14.0% 20th -2.9pp 8th 30% above peers
Saint Paul, MN 15.0% 21st -2.9pp 9th 40% above peers
Gilbert, AZ 3.4% 2nd -0.6pp 10th 68% below peers
St. Louis, MO 18.0% 27th -3.3pp 11th 68% above peers
Laredo, TX 23.9% 29th -3.3pp 12th 123% above peers
Buffalo, NY 29.9% 30th -3.9pp 13th 179% above peers
Toledo, OH 22.3% 28th -2.7pp 14th 108% above peers
Glendale, AZ 15.4% 23rd -1.9pp 15th 44% above peers
Lubbock, TX 11.4% 17th -1.3pp 16th 6% above peers
North Las Vegas, NV 15.1% 22nd -1.2pp 17th 40% above peers
Pittsburgh, PA 16.5% 24th -0.7pp 18th 54% above peers
Chesapeake, VA 6.9% 7th -0.3pp 19th 36% below peers
Chandler, AZ 5.3% 4th -0.2pp 20th 51% below peers
Port St. Lucie, FL 10.7% 16th -0.1pp 21st on par with peers
Lincoln, NE 8.9% 11th -0.0pp 22nd 17% below peers
Anchorage municipality, AK 8.8% 9th +0.1pp 23rd 18% below peers
Reno, NV 12.2% 19th +0.8pp 24th 14% above peers
Greensboro, NC 17.4% 26th +1.8pp 25th 62% above peers
Madison, WI 9.2% 13th +1.0pp 26th 14% below peers
Plano, TX 3.4% 3rd +0.5pp 27th 68% below peers
Winston-Salem, NC 17.2% 25th +3.0pp 28th 60% above peers
Chula Vista, CA 10.6% 15th +2.0pp 29th 2% below peers
Enterprise, NV 8.1% 8th +2.5pp 30th 25% below peers
▸ Where is this changing? 92 census tracts
Each tract is colored and ranked by its change from 2018 to 2023, between the same two survey periods as the card above, as a share of its own starting level: green tracts improved, red tracts moved the wrong way. Tracts marked * moved less than their own survey margin, so their color is a direction, not a claim. Hover a tract for its numbers and history, or a table row to find that tract on the map; click either for its location or its data in the Explorer.
EconomyHouseholds receiving SNAP
Loading tract map…
25 of 92 tracts cover a shorter window (dashed outline; mostly 2020 boundary changes); 2 have too little data to show a change (gray). Each tract's change uses the same two survey periods as the card above and is judged against the tract's own published margins; tracts marked * moved less than their margin. How the tract view works →
▸

Peers worth a call

3
Cities of similar size (250k-1m) that started in the weakest third, like this city, and whose improvement is sustained over several years, larger than the data's normal noise, and big enough to matter. Referral candidates to investigate, not proven interventions. How we pick these →
  • Tampa, FL down 3.6pp between its surveys · a larger real gain than 91% of this group · 2018-2023
  • Miami, FL down 5.6pp between its surveys · a larger real gain than 89% of this group · 2018-2023
  • Jersey City, NJ down 2.9pp between its surveys · a larger real gain than 85% of this group · 2018-2023
Census ACS 5-year survey through 2023 ±1.2pp at 90% confidence (2023 estimate) survey trend: 2014-2018 vs 2019-2023 surveys about this metric
See all Economy data →
Housing 6 indicators
Housing

Typical home value

No better direction Rising recently, faster than peers
Compared against How peers are chosen →
What changed

Home value rose about 3% over the 12 months ending August 2026, faster than 76% of similar-size cities.

Broader trend
Multi-year view: home value rose about 6% a year from 2021 to 2026, faster than 92% of similar-size cities.
Longer view
Home value rose about 16% a year from 2016 to 2026.
Latest
Most recent monthly reading: $248,828 in August 2026, up from $241,816 a year earlier.
Big move $248,828
2000August 2026
Open in Explorer →
▸ Compare all 26 similar-size cities by change rank
Place Latest Today's rank Changelast 12 months Change rank History Latest vs. peers
New York ref $526,714 (Aug 26) +5.6%
United States ref $368,697 (Aug 26) +1.2%
Toledo, OH $133,536 (Aug 26) 26th +5.8% 1st 66% below peers
Anchorage municipality, AK $422,785 (Aug 26) 10th +5.3% 2nd 9% above peers
Chesapeake, VA $425,375 (Aug 26) 9th +3.6% 3rd 9% above peers
Fort Wayne, IN $248,442 (Aug 26) 21st +3.1% 4th 36% below peers
Lincoln, NE $293,764 (Aug 26) 15th +3.0% 5th 25% below peers
Scottsdale, AZ $851,107 (Aug 26) 1st +2.9% 6th 118% above peers
Buffalo, NY $248,828 (Aug 26) 20th +2.9% 7th 36% below peers
Madison, WI $426,336 (Aug 26) 8th +2.5% 8th 9% above peers
Laredo, TX $222,782 (Aug 26) 23rd +2.2% 9th 43% below peers
Lubbock, TX $212,039 (Aug 26) 24th +2.1% 10th 46% below peers
Reno, NV $573,360 (Aug 26) 4th +1.4% 11th 47% above peers
Louisville, KY $263,130 (Aug 26) 18th +1.2% 12th 32% below peers
Chula Vista, CA $849,526 (Aug 26) 2nd +0.8% 13th 118% above peers
Winston-Salem, NC $263,057 (Aug 26) 19th +0.2% 14th 32% below peers
Greensboro, NC $263,264 (Aug 26) 17th +0.0% 15th 32% below peers
Jersey City, NJ $657,765 (Aug 26) 3rd -0.2% 16th 69% above peers
St. Louis, MO $181,925 (Aug 26) 25th -0.3% 17th 53% below peers
Irving, TX $339,198 (Aug 26) 14th -0.3% 18th 13% below peers
Gilbert, AZ $566,873 (Aug 26) 5th -0.3% 19th 45% above peers
Pittsburgh, PA $239,865 (Aug 26) 22nd -1.0% 20th 38% below peers
Chandler, AZ $515,351 (Aug 26) 6th -1.3% 21st 32% above peers
Glendale, AZ $401,811 (Aug 26) 12th -1.4% 22nd 3% above peers
North Las Vegas, NV $402,439 (Aug 26) 11th -1.5% 23rd 3% above peers
Garland, TX $283,276 (Aug 26) 16th -3.3% 24th 27% below peers
Durham, NC $389,634 (Aug 26) 13th -3.4% 25th on par with peers
Plano, TX $493,092 (Aug 26) 7th -3.8% 26th 27% above peers
Zillow Home Value Index through 2026-08 modeled trend: robust fit about this metric
Housing

Starter home value (bottom tier)

No better direction Rising recently, faster than peers
Compared against How peers are chosen →
What changed

Starter homes rose about 4% over the 12 months ending August 2026, faster than 88% of similar-size cities.

Broader trend
Multi-year view: starter homes rose about 7% a year from 2021 to 2026, faster than 96% of similar-size cities.
Longer view
Starter homes rose about 21% a year from 2016 to 2026.
Latest
Most recent monthly reading: $168,997 in August 2026, up from $162,384 a year earlier.
$168,997
2000August 2026
Open in Explorer →
▸ Compare all 26 similar-size cities by change rank
Place Latest Today's rank Changelast 12 months Change rank History Latest vs. peers
New York ref $247,226 (Aug 26) +5.7%
United States ref $200,550 (Aug 26) +2.2%
Anchorage municipality, AK $288,422 (Aug 26) 12th +8.1% 1st 2% above peers
Toledo, OH $67,101 (Aug 26) 26th +5.4% 2nd 76% below peers
Laredo, TX $152,796 (Aug 26) 22nd +5.4% 3rd 46% below peers
Buffalo, NY $168,997 (Aug 26) 19th +4.1% 4th 40% below peers
Chesapeake, VA $297,515 (Aug 26) 11th +3.6% 5th 5% above peers
Lincoln, NE $216,087 (Aug 26) 16th +3.4% 6th 23% below peers
Fort Wayne, IN $160,142 (Aug 26) 21st +2.7% 7th 43% below peers
Lubbock, TX $130,770 (Aug 26) 24th +2.1% 8th 54% below peers
Jersey City, NJ $447,287 (Aug 26) 4th +1.4% 9th 58% above peers
Louisville, KY $172,131 (Aug 26) 17th +1.3% 10th 39% below peers
Madison, WI $312,158 (Aug 26) 10th +1.2% 11th 11% above peers
Scottsdale, AZ $474,162 (Aug 26) 2nd +1.0% 12th 68% above peers
Reno, NV $397,257 (Aug 26) 6th +0.8% 13th 41% above peers
Winston-Salem, NC $164,482 (Aug 26) 20th +0.2% 14th 42% below peers
Chula Vista, CA $658,593 (Aug 26) 1st +0.1% 15th 133% above peers
Irving, TX $252,498 (Aug 26) 14th -0.1% 16th 11% below peers
Greensboro, NC $171,051 (Aug 26) 18th -0.2% 17th 39% below peers
Gilbert, AZ $449,884 (Aug 26) 3rd -1.0% 18th 59% above peers
Pittsburgh, PA $140,307 (Aug 26) 23rd -1.2% 19th 50% below peers
North Las Vegas, NV $333,778 (Aug 26) 8th -1.4% 20th 18% above peers
Glendale, AZ $317,990 (Aug 26) 9th -1.5% 21st 13% above peers
Chandler, AZ $397,527 (Aug 26) 5th -2.3% 22nd 41% above peers
Durham, NC $282,309 (Aug 26) 13th -3.0% 23rd on par with peers
St. Louis, MO $75,581 (Aug 26) 25th -3.3% 24th 73% below peers
Garland, TX $223,055 (Aug 26) 15th -3.4% 25th 21% below peers
Plano, TX $362,238 (Aug 26) 7th -3.9% 26th 28% above peers
Zillow Home Value Index through 2026-08 modeled trend: robust fit about this metric
Housing

Homeownership rate

▲ Higher is better Improving (small)
Compared against How peers are chosen →
What changed

Homeownership rose 2.3 percentage points between the 2015-2019 and 2020-2024 surveys, from 40.7% to 43.0% - more than the combined survey margin (±1.5pp).

Broader trend
48% of similar-size cities show a real change in the same direction; 3% moved the other way.
Longer view
Homeownership rose 1.5 percentage points from 2014 to 2024 (41.6% to 43.0%).
Bright spot 43.0%
20112024
Open in Explorer →
▸ Compare all 30 similar-size cities by change rank
Change is measured between each place's two non-overlapping survey periods against its published margins (90% confidence). significant improvement · significant worsening · not significant (within the margin). Change rank orders every measured change; read it with the dot beside it, ranks among hollow-dot rows are ordering values inside their margins. Today's rank orders current values in the metric's better direction.
Place Latest2020-2024 survey Today's rank Change2015-2019 → 2020-2024 Sig. Change rank History Latest vs. peers
New York ref 54.4% +0.5pp
United States ref 65.2%
North Las Vegas, NV 63.6% 9th +5.5pp 1st 11% above peers
Port St. Lucie, FL 84.0% 1st +7.1pp 2nd 47% above peers
Buffalo, NY 43.0% 28th +2.3pp 3rd 25% below peers
Toledo, OH 53.3% 19th +2.9pp 4th 7% below peers
Saint Paul, MN 52.9% 20th +2.5pp 5th 8% below peers
Enterprise, NV 63.7% 8th +2.9pp 6th 11% above peers
Durham, NC 52.3% 21st +2.1pp 7th 9% below peers
Chesapeake, VA 74.3% 2nd +3.0pp 8th 30% above peers
Anchorage municipality, AK 63.9% 7th +2.6pp 9th 12% above peers
Winston-Salem, NC 55.6% 18th +2.1pp 10th 3% below peers
St. Petersburg, FL 62.8% 11th +2.4pp 11th 10% above peers
Reno, NV 49.8% 24th +1.9pp 12th 13% below peers
Boise, ID 63.2% 10th +2.3pp 13th 10% above peers
St. Louis, MO 45.3% 27th +1.6pp 14th 21% below peers
Laredo, TX 64.1% 6th +2.2pp 15th 12% above peers
Irving, TX 38.1% 29th +1.3pp 16th 33% below peers
Glendale, AZ 57.2% 15th +1.8pp 17th on par with peers
Chula Vista, CA 59.8% 14th +0.7pp 18th 5% above peers
Scottsdale, AZ 67.0% 4th +0.8pp 19th 17% above peers
Pittsburgh, PA 47.7% 25th +0.5pp 20th 17% below peers
Greensboro, NC 50.5% 23rd +0.2pp 21st 12% below peers
Chandler, AZ 65.0% 5th +0.1pp 22nd 14% above peers
Lubbock, TX 51.2% 22nd -0.1pp 23rd 10% below peers
Fort Wayne, IN 61.9% 12th -0.1pp 24th 8% above peers
Gilbert, AZ 73.1% 3rd -0.7pp 25th 28% above peers
Garland, TX 61.6% 13th -0.9pp 26th 8% above peers
Lincoln, NE 56.1% 17th -0.9pp 27th 2% below peers
Madison, WI 46.0% 26th -1.0pp 28th 20% below peers
Plano, TX 56.9% 16th -2.2pp 29th on par with peers
Jersey City, NJ 27.9% 30th -1.2pp 30th 51% below peers
▸ Where is this changing? 92 census tracts
Each tract is colored and ranked by its change from 2019 to 2024, between the same two survey periods as the card above, as a share of its own starting level: green tracts improved, red tracts moved the wrong way. Tracts marked * moved less than their own survey margin, so their color is a direction, not a claim. Hover a tract for its numbers and history, or a table row to find that tract on the map; click either for its location or its data in the Explorer.
HousingHomeownership rate
Loading tract map…
25 of 92 tracts cover a shorter window (dashed outline; mostly 2020 boundary changes); 2 have too little data to show a change (gray). Each tract's change uses the same two survey periods as the card above and is judged against the tract's own published margins; tracts marked * moved less than their margin. How the tract view works →
▸ Break down by group Race · ACS 2024
Loading breakdown…
How breakdowns work →
Census ACS 5-year survey through 2024 ±1.2pp at 90% confidence (2024 estimate) survey trend: 2015-2019 vs 2020-2024 surveys about this metric
Housing

Typical asking rent

No better direction Rising recently
Compared against How peers are chosen →
What changed

Rent rose about 3% over the 12 months ending August 2026, faster than 64% of similar-size cities.

Broader trend
Multi-year view: rent rose about 5% a year from 2021 to 2026, faster than 72% of similar-size cities.
Longer view
Rent rose about 7% a year from 2016 to 2026.
Latest
Most recent monthly reading: $1,425 in August 2026, up from $1,384 a year earlier.
Big move $1,425
2015August 2026
Open in Explorer →
▸ Compare all 26 similar-size cities by change rank
Place Latest Today's rank Changelast 12 months Change rank History Latest vs. peers
United States ref $1,948 (Aug 26) +2.5%
Reno, NV $1,967 (Aug 26) 6th +7.1% 1st 24% above peers
Chesapeake, VA $2,092 (Aug 26) 4th +6.7% 2nd 32% above peers
Fort Wayne, IN $1,271 (Aug 26) 24th +5.9% 3rd 20% below peers
Toledo, OH $1,128 (Aug 26) 26th +5.7% 4th 29% below peers
Anchorage municipality, AK $1,802 (Aug 26) 9th +4.2% 5th 13% above peers
Winston-Salem, NC $1,507 (Aug 26) 17th +3.7% 6th 5% below peers
Pittsburgh, PA $1,545 (Aug 26) 15th +3.6% 7th 3% below peers
St. Louis, MO $1,330 (Aug 26) 22nd +3.5% 8th 16% below peers
Jersey City, NJ $3,157 (Aug 26) 1st +3.0% 9th 99% above peers
Buffalo, NY $1,425 (Aug 26) 18th +2.9% 10th 10% below peers
Scottsdale, AZ $2,127 (Aug 26) 3rd +2.2% 11th 34% above peers
Greensboro, NC $1,392 (Aug 26) 19th +2.1% 12th 12% below peers
Lincoln, NE $1,308 (Aug 26) 23rd +2.0% 13th 18% below peers
Durham, NC $1,659 (Aug 26) 11th +1.8% 14th 4% above peers
Madison, WI $1,616 (Aug 26) 12th +1.8% 15th 2% above peers
Chula Vista, CA $2,945 (Aug 26) 2nd +1.5% 16th 85% above peers
Laredo, TX $1,190 (Aug 26) 25th +1.5% 17th 25% below peers
Louisville, KY $1,353 (Aug 26) 20th +1.5% 18th 15% below peers
Lubbock, TX $1,333 (Aug 26) 21st +1.5% 19th 16% below peers
Chandler, AZ $1,868 (Aug 26) 8th +1.4% 20th 17% above peers
Irving, TX $1,590 (Aug 26) 13th +0.8% 21st on par with peers
Gilbert, AZ $2,075 (Aug 26) 5th +0.8% 22nd 30% above peers
Glendale, AZ $1,507 (Aug 26) 16th +0.8% 23rd 5% below peers
Plano, TX $1,742 (Aug 26) 10th +0.3% 24th 10% above peers
North Las Vegas, NV $1,889 (Aug 26) 7th -0.0% 25th 19% above peers
Garland, TX $1,556 (Aug 26) 14th -0.2% 26th 2% below peers
Zillow Observed Rent Index through 2026-08 modeled trend: robust fit about this metric
Housing

Housing cost-burdened households

▼ Lower is better No measurable change
Compared against How peers are chosen →
What changed

Cost burden changed less than the survey can measure between the 2015-2019 and 2020-2024 surveys (38.5% then, 37.7% now; margin ±1.9pp).

Broader trend
41% of similar-size cities show a real change in either direction.
Longer view
Cost burden fell 4.6 percentage points from 2014 to 2024 (42.3% to 37.7%).
Needs attention 37.7%
20102024
Open in Explorer →
▸ Compare all 30 similar-size cities by change rank
Change is measured between each place's two non-overlapping survey periods against its published margins (90% confidence). significant improvement · significant worsening · not significant (within the margin). Change rank orders every measured change; read it with the dot beside it, ranks among hollow-dot rows are ordering values inside their margins. Today's rank orders current values in the metric's better direction.
Place Latest2020-2024 survey Today's rank Change2015-2019 → 2020-2024 Sig. Change rank History Latest vs. peers
New York ref 38.5% -0.3pp
United States ref 32.2% +0.4pp
St. Louis, MO 34.2% 14th -3.2pp 1st 4% below peers
Toledo, OH 31.9% 9th -2.2pp 2nd 11% below peers
Durham, NC 31.9% 10th -1.6pp 3rd 11% below peers
Anchorage municipality, AK 31.1% 7th -0.7pp 4th 13% below peers
Buffalo, NY 37.7% 25th -0.8pp 5th 6% above peers
Jersey City, NJ 41.7% 29th -0.8pp 6th 17% above peers
Laredo, TX 36.1% 18th -0.6pp 7th 1% above peers
Winston-Salem, NC 33.7% 13th -0.2pp 8th 5% below peers
Chesapeake, VA 32.7% 11th +0.1pp 9th 8% below peers
Pittsburgh, PA 33.6% 12th +0.4pp 10th 6% below peers
Port St. Lucie, FL 35.8% 17th +0.6pp 11th on par with peers
Chula Vista, CA 44.9% 30th +1.0pp 12th 26% above peers
Chandler, AZ 27.1% 2nd +0.7pp 13th 24% below peers
Gilbert, AZ 25.3% 1st +0.6pp 14th 29% below peers
Boise, ID 30.4% 5th +1.0pp 15th 15% below peers
Madison, WI 36.4% 20th +1.4pp 16th 2% above peers
Glendale, AZ 36.4% 19th +1.5pp 17th 2% above peers
Saint Paul, MN 35.7% 16th +1.5pp 18th on par with peers
Reno, NV 36.9% 24th +1.8pp 19th 4% above peers
Greensboro, NC 36.9% 22nd +2.0pp 20th 3% above peers
Garland, TX 36.9% 23rd +2.2pp 21st 4% above peers
Lincoln, NE 30.3% 4th +1.9pp 22nd 15% below peers
Lubbock, TX 38.6% 26th +2.5pp 23rd 8% above peers
North Las Vegas, NV 39.0% 28th +2.6pp 24th 9% above peers
Scottsdale, AZ 31.6% 8th +2.3pp 25th 11% below peers
Fort Wayne, IN 27.6% 3rd +2.2pp 26th 23% below peers
St. Petersburg, FL 38.6% 27th +3.2pp 27th 8% above peers
Plano, TX 30.5% 6th +3.4pp 28th 14% below peers
Enterprise, NV 35.6% 15th +5.0pp 29th on par with peers
Irving, TX 36.8% 21st +5.4pp 30th 3% above peers
▸ Where is this changing? 92 census tracts
Each tract is colored and ranked by its change from 2019 to 2024, between the same two survey periods as the card above, as a share of its own starting level: green tracts improved, red tracts moved the wrong way. Tracts marked * moved less than their own survey margin, so their color is a direction, not a claim. Hover a tract for its numbers and history, or a table row to find that tract on the map; click either for its location or its data in the Explorer.
HousingHousing cost-burdened households
Loading tract map…
25 of 92 tracts cover a shorter window (dashed outline; mostly 2020 boundary changes); 2 have too little data to show a change (gray). Each tract's change uses the same two survey periods as the card above and is judged against the tract's own published margins; tracts marked * moved less than their margin. How the tract view works →
▸

Peers worth a call

3
Cities of similar size (250k-1m) that started in the weakest third, like this city, and whose improvement is sustained over several years, larger than the data's normal noise, and big enough to matter. Referral candidates to investigate, not proven interventions. How we pick these →
  • Santa Ana, CA down 4.5pp between its surveys · a larger real gain than 100% of this group · 2019-2024
  • Newark, NJ down 4.6pp between its surveys · a larger real gain than 98% of this group · 2019-2024
  • San Juan zona urbana, PR down 2.9pp between its surveys · a larger real gain than 96% of this group · 2019-2024
Census ACS 5-year survey (tables B25070 + B25091) through 2024 ±1.5pp at 90% confidence (2024 estimate) survey trend: 2015-2019 vs 2020-2024 surveys about this metric
Housing

Households without a vehicle

▼ Lower is better Real improvement
Compared against How peers are chosen →
What changed

No vehicle fell 5.3 percentage points between the 2015-2019 and 2020-2024 surveys, from 27.9% to 22.6% - more than the combined survey margin (±1.6pp).

Broader trend
24% of similar-size cities show a real change in the same direction; 21% moved the other way. Buffalo started among the weakest third of similar-size cities, so some rebound is expected; still, the improvement is sustained and worth investigating.
Longer view
No vehicle fell 6.7 percentage points from 2014 to 2024 (29.3% to 22.6%).
Bright spot 22.6%
20102024
Open in Explorer →
▸ Compare all 30 similar-size cities by change rank
Change is measured between each place's two non-overlapping survey periods against its published margins (90% confidence). significant improvement · significant worsening · not significant (within the margin). Change rank orders every measured change; read it with the dot beside it, ranks among hollow-dot rows are ordering values inside their margins. Today's rank orders current values in the metric's better direction.
Place Latest2020-2024 survey Today's rank Change2015-2019 → 2020-2024 Sig. Change rank History Latest vs. peers
New York ref 29.2% +0.2pp
United States ref 8.3% -0.3pp
Glendale, AZ 6.7% 17th -1.7pp 1st on par with peers
Buffalo, NY 22.6% 29th -5.3pp 2nd 239% above peers
Winston-Salem, NC 8.2% 22nd -1.9pp 3rd 23% above peers
Durham, NC 7.2% 18th -1.4pp 4th 8% above peers
Scottsdale, AZ 3.7% 4th -0.7pp 5th 45% below peers
Toledo, OH 11.7% 24th -2.0pp 6th 75% above peers
St. Petersburg, FL 7.3% 19th -1.0pp 7th 9% above peers
Pittsburgh, PA 20.6% 28th -2.7pp 8th 209% above peers
Chandler, AZ 3.3% 3rd -0.4pp 9th 51% below peers
Garland, TX 4.1% 7th -0.5pp 10th 38% below peers
Reno, NV 8.4% 23rd -0.7pp 11th 25% above peers
St. Louis, MO 18.5% 27th -1.2pp 12th 177% above peers
North Las Vegas, NV 5.2% 11th -0.2pp 13th 22% below peers
Anchorage municipality, AK 5.8% 12th -0.2pp 14th 12% below peers
Chula Vista, CA 4.5% 8th -0.1pp 15th 32% below peers
Saint Paul, MN 13.0% 26th -0.3pp 16th 96% above peers
Boise, ID 5.0% 10th -0.1pp 17th 25% below peers
Lubbock, TX 6.1% 14th +0.2pp 18th 8% below peers
Jersey City, NJ 40.3% 30th +1.8pp 19th 504% above peers
Madison, WI 12.2% 25th +0.8pp 20th 83% above peers
Greensboro, NC 8.2% 21st +0.6pp 21st 22% above peers
Laredo, TX 6.6% 15th +0.7pp 22nd 1% below peers
Lincoln, NE 6.7% 16th +0.8pp 23rd on par with peers
Plano, TX 3.7% 5th +0.5pp 24th 44% below peers
Fort Wayne, IN 7.8% 20th +1.2pp 25th 17% above peers
Chesapeake, VA 5.0% 9th +0.9pp 26th 25% below peers
Irving, TX 5.8% 13th +1.2pp 27th 12% below peers
Port St. Lucie, FL 2.7% 2nd +0.6pp 28th 60% below peers
Gilbert, AZ 2.3% 1st +0.6pp 29th 66% below peers
Enterprise, NV 3.8% 6th +1.0pp 30th 43% below peers
▸ Where is this changing? 92 census tracts
Each tract is colored and ranked by its change from 2019 to 2024, between the same two survey periods as the card above, as a share of its own starting level: green tracts improved, red tracts moved the wrong way. Tracts marked * moved less than their own survey margin, so their color is a direction, not a claim. Hover a tract for its numbers and history, or a table row to find that tract on the map; click either for its location or its data in the Explorer.
HousingHouseholds without a vehicle
Loading tract map…
25 of 92 tracts cover a shorter window (dashed outline; mostly 2020 boundary changes); 2 have too little data to show a change (gray). Each tract's change uses the same two survey periods as the card above and is judged against the tract's own published margins; tracts marked * moved less than their margin. How the tract view works →
▸

Peers worth a call

3
Cities of similar size (250k-1m) that started in the weakest third, like this city, and whose improvement is sustained over several years, larger than the data's normal noise, and big enough to matter. Referral candidates to investigate, not proven interventions. How we pick these →
  • San Juan zona urbana, PR down 4.8pp between its surveys · a larger real gain than 92% of this group · 2019-2024
  • Detroit, MI down 3.6pp between its surveys · a larger real gain than 88% of this group · 2019-2024
  • Toledo, OH down 2.0pp between its surveys · a larger real gain than 86% of this group · 2019-2024
Census ACS 5-year survey (table B08201) through 2024 ±1.3pp at 90% confidence (2024 estimate) survey trend: 2015-2019 vs 2020-2024 surveys about this metric
See all Housing data →
Health 3 indicators
★
Health

People without health insurance

▼ Lower is better No measurable change ★ National leader
Compared against How peers are chosen →
What changed

Uninsured changed less than the survey can measure between the 2015-2019 and 2020-2024 surveys (4.6% then, 4.1% now; margin ±0.5pp).

Broader trend
62% of similar-size cities show a real change in either direction.
Longer view
Uninsured fell 5.4 percentage points from 2014 to 2024 (9.5% to 4.1%).
Bright spot 4.1%
20132024
Open in Explorer →
▸ Compare all 30 similar-size cities by change rank
Change is measured between each place's two non-overlapping survey periods against its published margins (90% confidence). significant improvement · significant worsening · not significant (within the margin). Change rank orders every measured change; read it with the dot beside it, ranks among hollow-dot rows are ordering values inside their margins. Today's rank orders current values in the metric's better direction.
Place Latest2020-2024 survey Today's rank Change2015-2019 → 2020-2024 Sig. Change rank History Latest vs. peers
New York ref 5.0% -0.7pp
United States ref 8.4% -0.4pp
Jersey City, NJ 8.5% 15th -2.9pp 1st 8% below peers
Boise, ID 7.1% 12th -1.9pp 2nd 24% below peers
Toledo, OH 5.7% 5th -1.5pp 3rd 39% below peers
Chesapeake, VA 5.8% 6th -1.4pp 4th 37% below peers
Greensboro, NC 8.4% 14th -1.9pp 5th 10% below peers
Lincoln, NE 6.3% 8th -1.3pp 6th 32% below peers
Port St. Lucie, FL 10.3% 20th -2.1pp 7th 11% above peers
Chula Vista, CA 6.4% 9th -1.0pp 8th 32% below peers
Durham, NC 10.7% 23rd -1.8pp 9th 15% above peers
St. Louis, MO 9.3% 16th -1.5pp 10th on par with peers
Anchorage municipality, AK 9.8% 18th -1.4pp 11th 6% above peers
Buffalo, NY 4.1% 1st -0.5pp 12th 56% below peers
Scottsdale, AZ 5.1% 4th -0.6pp 13th 45% below peers
St. Petersburg, FL 10.0% 19th -1.2pp 14th 8% above peers
Chandler, AZ 6.6% 10th -0.7pp 15th 29% below peers
Winston-Salem, NC 11.2% 24th -1.1pp 16th 20% above peers
Pittsburgh, PA 4.8% 3rd -0.5pp 17th 48% below peers
Plano, TX 10.7% 22nd -0.5pp 18th 15% above peers
Laredo, TX 27.3% 30th -0.3pp 19th 194% above peers
North Las Vegas, NV 13.3% 25th -0.1pp 20th 43% above peers
Enterprise, NV 8.1% 13th +0.2pp 21st 13% below peers
Saint Paul, MN 6.7% 11th +0.1pp 22nd 28% below peers
Lubbock, TX 13.7% 27th +0.6pp 23rd 47% above peers
Fort Wayne, IN 9.4% 17th +0.5pp 24th 2% above peers
Madison, WI 4.2% 2nd +0.3pp 25th 55% below peers
Garland, TX 25.1% 29th +1.7pp 26th 170% above peers
Glendale, AZ 13.4% 26th +0.9pp 27th 44% above peers
Reno, NV 10.6% 21st +0.8pp 28th 14% above peers
Irving, TX 22.3% 28th +2.0pp 29th 140% above peers
Gilbert, AZ 6.3% 7th +1.0pp 30th 33% below peers
▸ Where is this changing? 92 census tracts
Each tract is colored and ranked by its change from 2019 to 2024, between the same two survey periods as the card above, as a share of its own starting level: green tracts improved, red tracts moved the wrong way. Tracts marked * moved less than their own survey margin, so their color is a direction, not a claim. Hover a tract for its numbers and history, or a table row to find that tract on the map; click either for its location or its data in the Explorer.
HealthPeople without health insurance
Loading tract map…
26 of 92 tracts cover a shorter window (dashed outline; mostly 2020 boundary changes); 1 has too little data to show a change (gray). Each tract's change uses the same two survey periods as the card above and is judged against the tract's own published margins; tracts marked * moved less than their margin. How the tract view works →
▸ Break down by group Race · Age · Sex · ACS 2024
Loading breakdown…
How breakdowns work →
▸

Peers worth a call

3
Cities of similar size (250k-1m) that started in the strongest third, like this city, and whose improvement is sustained over several years, larger than the data's normal noise, and big enough to matter. Referral candidates to investigate, not proven interventions. How we pick these →
  • Toledo, OH down 1.5pp between its surveys · a larger real gain than 95% of this group · 2019-2024
  • Chesapeake, VA down 1.4pp between its surveys · a larger real gain than 94% of this group · 2019-2024
  • Portland, OR down 1.2pp between its surveys · a larger real gain than 92% of this group · 2019-2024
Census ACS 5-year survey through 2024 ±0.4pp at 90% confidence (2024 estimate) survey trend: 2015-2019 vs 2020-2024 surveys about this metric
Health

Adult obesity

▼ Lower is better Level only
Compared against How peers are chosen →
What changed

Adult obesity is somewhat above the peer median.

38.4%
20202022
Open in Explorer →
▸ Compare all 31 similar-size cities best first
Place Latest Today's rank History Latest vs. peers
New York ref 29.9%
United States ref 33.4%
Chula Vista, CA 26.9% 1st 20% below peers
Plano, TX 28.2% 2nd 16% below peers
Enterprise, NV 28.7% 3rd 15% below peers
Scottsdale, AZ 28.8% 4th 14% below peers
Jersey City, NJ 29.1% 5th 13% below peers
Boise, ID 29.4% 6th 13% below peers
Gilbert, AZ 29.8% 7th 11% below peers
Reno, NV 30.1% 8th 10% below peers
Chandler, AZ 30.2% 9th 10% below peers
Anchorage municipality, AK 30.4% 10th 10% below peers
Irving, TX 30.7% 11th 9% below peers
Madison, WI 32.1% 12th 4% below peers
St. Petersburg, FL 32.2% 13th 4% below peers
Saint Paul, MN 33.2% 14th 1% below peers
Port St. Lucie, FL 33.4% 15th 1% below peers
Garland, TX 33.6% 16th on par with peers
Lincoln, NE 33.8% 17th 1% above peers
Pittsburgh, PA 33.8% 18th 1% above peers
Durham, NC 33.9% 19th 1% above peers
Winston-Salem, NC 34.0% 20th 1% above peers
Greensboro, NC 35.1% 21st 4% above peers
North Las Vegas, NV 35.5% 22nd 6% above peers
Glendale, AZ 35.9% 23rd 7% above peers
Lubbock, TX 36.6% 24th 9% above peers
St. Louis, MO 37.4% 25th 11% above peers
Buffalo, NY 38.4% 26th 14% above peers
Fort Wayne, IN 39.4% 27th 17% above peers
Louisville, KY 39.9% 28th 19% above peers
Chesapeake, VA 40.4% 29th 20% above peers
Laredo, TX 42.3% 30th 26% above peers
Toledo, OH 45.0% 31st 34% above peers
CDC PLACES through 2022 modeled tract map about this metric
★
Health

Children without health insurance

▼ Lower is better Turning up (early signal) ★ National leader
Compared against How peers are chosen →
What changed

Child uninsured changed less than the survey can measure between the 2015-2019 and 2020-2024 surveys (1.6% then, 1.9% now; margin ±0.6pp). The newest releases lean upward: each of the last 3 annual updates moved the 5-year average the same way - an early signal, not a measured change.*

Broader trend
28% of similar-size cities show a real change in either direction.
Longer view
Child uninsured fell 1.5 percentage points from 2014 to 2024 (3.4% to 1.9%).
Needs attention 1.9%
20122024
Open in Explorer →
▸ Compare all 30 similar-size cities by change rank
Change is measured between each place's two non-overlapping survey periods against its published margins (90% confidence). significant improvement · significant worsening · not significant (within the margin). Change rank orders every measured change; read it with the dot beside it, ranks among hollow-dot rows are ordering values inside their margins. Today's rank orders current values in the metric's better direction.
Place Latest2020-2024 survey Today's rank Change2015-2019 → 2020-2024 Sig. Change rank History Latest vs. peers
New York ref 2.6% +0.1pp
United States ref 5.5% +0.4pp
Enterprise, NV 3.7% 8th -2.2pp 1st 28% below peers
Scottsdale, AZ 3.9% 10th -2.1pp 2nd 25% below peers
Toledo, OH 2.1% 2nd -1.2pp 3rd 58% below peers
Jersey City, NJ 3.9% 11th -1.6pp 4th 25% below peers
Lincoln, NE 3.8% 9th -1.4pp 5th 27% below peers
Greensboro, NC 3.5% 5th -1.0pp 6th 32% below peers
St. Petersburg, FL 5.0% 15th -1.1pp 7th 3% below peers
Port St. Lucie, FL 6.4% 19th -1.4pp 8th 25% above peers
Chesapeake, VA 3.7% 7th -0.8pp 9th 29% below peers
Reno, NV 6.8% 20th -1.2pp 10th 33% above peers
Chandler, AZ 5.4% 18th -0.9pp 11th 4% above peers
Anchorage municipality, AK 7.3% 22nd -0.8pp 12th 43% above peers
St. Louis, MO 4.9% 13th -0.2pp 13th 5% below peers
North Las Vegas, NV 7.8% 23rd -0.1pp 14th 52% above peers
Laredo, TX 14.1% 28th -0.2pp 15th 175% above peers
Saint Paul, MN 4.4% 12th -0.0pp 16th 15% below peers
Chula Vista, CA 3.6% 6th -0.0pp 17th 29% below peers
Glendale, AZ 9.9% 26th +0.3pp 18th 92% above peers
Pittsburgh, PA 3.5% 4th +0.2pp 19th 33% below peers
Winston-Salem, NC 5.2% 17th +0.4pp 20th 2% above peers
Durham, NC 8.0% 24th +0.6pp 21st 55% above peers
Garland, TX 18.0% 30th +1.5pp 22nd 251% above peers
Plano, TX 9.1% 25th +0.8pp 23rd 77% above peers
Gilbert, AZ 5.1% 16th +0.4pp 24th on par with peers
Boise, ID 4.9% 14th +0.5pp 25th 5% below peers
Irving, TX 15.8% 29th +2.0pp 26th 207% above peers
Buffalo, NY 1.9% 1st +0.3pp 27th 62% below peers
Madison, WI 2.8% 3rd +0.5pp 28th 46% below peers
Lubbock, TX 10.7% 27th +2.3pp 29th 109% above peers
Fort Wayne, IN 7.3% 21st +1.7pp 30th 42% above peers
▸ Where is this changing? 92 census tracts
Each tract is colored and ranked by its change from 2019 to 2024, between the same two survey periods as the card above, as a share of its own starting level: green tracts improved, red tracts moved the wrong way. Tracts marked * moved less than their own survey margin, so their color is a direction, not a claim. Hover a tract for its numbers and history, or a table row to find that tract on the map; click either for its location or its data in the Explorer.
HealthChildren without health insurance
Loading tract map…
26 of 92 tracts cover a shorter window (dashed outline; mostly 2020 boundary changes); 1 has too little data to show a change (gray). Each tract's change uses the same two survey periods as the card above and is judged against the tract's own published margins; tracts marked * moved less than their margin. How the tract view works →
▸

Peers worth a call

2
Cities of similar size (250k-1m) that started in the strongest third, like this city, and whose improvement is sustained over several years, larger than the data's normal noise, and big enough to matter. Referral candidates to investigate, not proven interventions. How we pick these →
  • Toledo, OH down 1.2pp between its surveys · a larger real gain than 100% of this group · 2019-2024
  • Portland, OR down 0.9pp between its surveys · a larger real gain than 99% of this group · 2019-2024
Census ACS 5-year survey (table B27001) through 2024 ±0.5pp at 90% confidence (2024 estimate) survey trend: 2015-2019 vs 2020-2024 surveys *Early signal: consecutive releases agree on direction only; the size of the newest movement is not measurable from overlapping surveys. about this metric
See all Health data →
Education 3 indicators
Education

Adults with a bachelor's degree or higher

▲ Higher is better Real improvement
Compared against How peers are chosen →
What changed

College attainment rose 3.5 percentage points between the 2015-2019 and 2020-2024 surveys, from 27.6% to 31.2% - more than the combined survey margin (±1.4pp).

Broader trend
97% of similar-size cities show a real change in the same direction. Buffalo started among the weakest third of similar-size cities, so some rebound is expected; still, the improvement is sustained and worth investigating.
Longer view
College attainment rose 6.5 percentage points from 2014 to 2024 (24.7% to 31.2%).
Bright spot 31.2%
20102024
Open in Explorer →
▸ Compare all 30 similar-size cities by change rank
Change is measured between each place's two non-overlapping survey periods against its published margins (90% confidence). significant improvement · significant worsening · not significant (within the margin). Change rank orders every measured change; read it with the dot beside it, ranks among hollow-dot rows are ordering values inside their margins. Today's rank orders current values in the metric's better direction.
Place Latest2020-2024 survey Today's rank Change2015-2019 → 2020-2024 Sig. Change rank History Latest vs. peers
New York ref 40.2% +3.7pp
United States ref 35.7% +3.5pp
Port St. Lucie, FL 28.1% 25th +5.5pp 1st 31% below peers
Toledo, OH 21.9% 29th +3.6pp 2nd 47% below peers
St. Petersburg, FL 42.6% 11th +6.9pp 3rd 4% above peers
Durham, NC 57.3% 4th +7.7pp 4th 40% above peers
Jersey City, NJ 54.8% 5th +7.2pp 5th 34% above peers
Winston-Salem, NC 39.5% 16th +5.0pp 6th 4% below peers
Boise, ID 47.5% 9th +5.9pp 7th 16% above peers
Laredo, TX 22.0% 28th +2.6pp 8th 46% below peers
St. Louis, MO 41.1% 14th +4.8pp 9th on par with peers
Chula Vista, CA 33.2% 22nd +3.8pp 10th 19% below peers
Buffalo, NY 31.2% 23rd +3.5pp 11th 24% below peers
Enterprise, NV 35.7% 20th +4.0pp 12th 13% below peers
Glendale, AZ 24.3% 27th +2.7pp 13th 41% below peers
Irving, TX 42.4% 12th +4.7pp 14th 4% above peers
North Las Vegas, NV 18.9% 30th +2.0pp 15th 54% below peers
Lubbock, TX 35.1% 21st +3.6pp 16th 14% below peers
Chesapeake, VA 36.9% 18th +3.7pp 17th 10% below peers
Garland, TX 25.4% 26th +2.5pp 18th 38% below peers
Pittsburgh, PA 49.1% 6th +4.5pp 19th 20% above peers
Reno, NV 36.8% 19th +3.2pp 20th 10% below peers
Gilbert, AZ 48.2% 7th +3.8pp 21st 18% above peers
Saint Paul, MN 43.8% 10th +3.0pp 22nd 7% above peers
Greensboro, NC 41.0% 15th +2.8pp 23rd on par with peers
Anchorage municipality, AK 38.6% 17th +2.5pp 24th 6% below peers
Chandler, AZ 47.8% 8th +3.0pp 25th 17% above peers
Scottsdale, AZ 61.9% 1st +3.5pp 26th 51% above peers
Plano, TX 60.5% 2nd +3.3pp 27th 48% above peers
Lincoln, NE 41.8% 13th +2.2pp 28th 2% above peers
Fort Wayne, IN 29.0% 24th +1.2pp 29th 29% below peers
Madison, WI 59.9% 3rd +2.0pp 30th 46% above peers
▸ Where is this changing? 92 census tracts
Each tract is colored and ranked by its change from 2019 to 2024, between the same two survey periods as the card above, as a share of its own starting level: green tracts improved, red tracts moved the wrong way. Tracts marked * moved less than their own survey margin, so their color is a direction, not a claim. Hover a tract for its numbers and history, or a table row to find that tract on the map; click either for its location or its data in the Explorer.
EducationAdults with a bachelor's degree or higher
Loading tract map…
26 of 92 tracts cover a shorter window (dashed outline; mostly 2020 boundary changes); 1 has too little data to show a change (gray). Each tract's change uses the same two survey periods as the card above and is judged against the tract's own published margins; tracts marked * moved less than their margin. How the tract view works →
▸ Break down by group Sex · ACS 2024
Loading breakdown…
How breakdowns work →
▸

Peers worth a call

3
Cities of similar size (250k-1m) that started in the weakest third, like this city, and whose improvement is sustained over several years, larger than the data's normal noise, and big enough to matter. Referral candidates to investigate, not proven interventions. How we pick these →
  • Newark, NJ up 4.5pp between its surveys · a larger real gain than 100% of this group · 2019-2024
  • Cleveland, OH up 4.9pp between its surveys · a larger real gain than 99% of this group · 2019-2024
  • Miami, FL up 7.8pp between its surveys · a larger real gain than 97% of this group · 2019-2024
Census ACS 5-year survey through 2024 ±1.1pp at 90% confidence (2024 estimate) survey trend: 2015-2019 vs 2020-2024 surveys about this metric
Education

Children ages 3-4 enrolled in preschool

▲ Higher is better No measurable change
Compared against How peers are chosen →
What changed

Preschool enrollment changed less than the survey can measure between the 2015-2019 and 2020-2024 surveys (44.3% then, 44.2% now; margin ±7.0pp).

Broader trend
24% of similar-size cities show a real change in either direction.
Longer view
Preschool enrollment fell 13.0 percentage points from 2014 to 2024 (57.2% to 44.2%).
44.2%
20112024
Open in Explorer →
▸ Compare all 30 similar-size cities by change rank
Change is measured between each place's two non-overlapping survey periods against its published margins (90% confidence). significant improvement · significant worsening · not significant (within the margin). Change rank orders every measured change; read it with the dot beside it, ranks among hollow-dot rows are ordering values inside their margins. Today's rank orders current values in the metric's better direction.
Place Latest2020-2024 survey Today's rank Change2015-2019 → 2020-2024 Sig. Change rank History Latest vs. peers
New York ref 59.5% +0.6pp
United States ref 45.5%
St. Petersburg, FL 69.9% 2nd +11.4pp 1st 69% above peers
Chula Vista, CA 51.1% 6th +4.3pp 2nd 23% above peers
Boise, ID 45.4% 12th +2.6pp 3rd 9% above peers
Irving, TX 36.6% 22nd +1.7pp 4th 12% below peers
Madison, WI 51.4% 5th +2.1pp 5th 24% above peers
Fort Wayne, IN 39.8% 16th +1.1pp 6th 4% below peers
St. Louis, MO 53.8% 4th +1.0pp 7th 30% above peers
Chandler, AZ 46.9% 11th +0.8pp 8th 13% above peers
Buffalo, NY 44.2% 13th -0.1pp 9th 7% above peers
Pittsburgh, PA 50.9% 7th -0.4pp 10th 23% above peers
Toledo, OH 37.1% 19th -1.2pp 11th 10% below peers
Port St. Lucie, FL 47.5% 10th -2.0pp 12th 15% above peers
Plano, TX 47.7% 9th -2.1pp 13th 15% above peers
Jersey City, NJ 73.2% 1st -3.6pp 14th 77% above peers
Saint Paul, MN 36.2% 23rd -1.8pp 15th 13% below peers
Garland, TX 31.5% 28th -2.1pp 16th 24% below peers
Anchorage municipality, AK 34.2% 25th -2.4pp 17th 17% below peers
Lincoln, NE 41.4% 15th -3.9pp 18th on par with peers
Scottsdale, AZ 54.5% 3rd -5.6pp 19th 32% above peers
Gilbert, AZ 50.1% 8th -6.6pp 20th 21% above peers
Greensboro, NC 37.0% 20th -4.9pp 21st 11% below peers
Winston-Salem, NC 32.6% 27th -4.5pp 22nd 21% below peers
Enterprise, NV 36.0% 24th -5.7pp 23rd 13% below peers
Durham, NC 39.8% 17th -7.2pp 24th 4% below peers
Lubbock, TX 39.6% 18th -7.3pp 25th 4% below peers
Reno, NV 36.8% 21st -7.2pp 26th 11% below peers
Chesapeake, VA 42.0% 14th -8.4pp 27th 1% above peers
North Las Vegas, NV 26.7% 29th -6.6pp 28th 36% below peers
Laredo, TX 33.1% 26th -14.3pp 29th 20% below peers
Glendale, AZ 22.2% 30th -10.0pp 30th 46% below peers
▸ Where is this changing? 92 census tracts
Each tract is colored and ranked by its change from 2019 to 2024, between the same two survey periods as the card above, as a share of its own starting level: green tracts improved, red tracts moved the wrong way. Tracts marked * moved less than their own survey margin, so their color is a direction, not a claim. Hover a tract for its numbers and history, or a table row to find that tract on the map; click either for its location or its data in the Explorer.
EducationChildren ages 3-4 enrolled in preschool
Loading tract map…
30 of 92 tracts cover a shorter window (dashed outline; mostly 2020 boundary changes); 7 have too little data to show a change (gray). Each tract's change uses the same two survey periods as the card above and is judged against the tract's own published margins; tracts marked * moved less than their margin. How the tract view works →
Census ACS 5-year survey through 2024 ±5.3pp at 90% confidence (2024 estimate) survey trend: 2015-2019 vs 2020-2024 surveys about this metric
Education

Teens not in school and not working

▼ Lower is better Worsening
Compared against How peers are chosen →
What changed

Disconnected youth rose 3.1 percentage points between the 2015-2019 and 2020-2024 surveys, from 6.8% to 9.9% - more than the combined survey margin (±2.4pp). That reverses the previous span, which went down between the 2010-2014 and 2015-2019 surveys. That is movement in the wrong direction.

Broader trend
14% of similar-size cities show a real change in the same direction; 7% moved the other way.
Longer view
Disconnected youth fell 1.1 percentage points from 2014 to 2024 (11.0% to 9.9%).
Needs attention 9.9%
20102024
Open in Explorer →
▸ Compare all 30 similar-size cities by change rank
Change is measured between each place's two non-overlapping survey periods against its published margins (90% confidence). significant improvement · significant worsening · not significant (within the margin). Change rank orders every measured change; read it with the dot beside it, ranks among hollow-dot rows are ordering values inside their margins. Today's rank orders current values in the metric's better direction.
Place Latest2020-2024 survey Today's rank Change2015-2019 → 2020-2024 Sig. Change rank History Latest vs. peers
New York ref 6.7% +0.7pp
United States ref 6.9% +0.3pp
Chandler, AZ 4.3% 5th -3.9pp 1st 40% below peers
St. Louis, MO 6.7% 12th -3.3pp 2nd 5% below peers
Fort Wayne, IN 7.1% 17th -2.3pp 3rd 1% above peers
Durham, NC 4.5% 6th -1.2pp 4th 36% below peers
Greensboro, NC 5.1% 9th -1.3pp 5th 28% below peers
Laredo, TX 7.8% 19th -1.9pp 6th 10% above peers
Glendale, AZ 8.4% 23rd -1.9pp 7th 18% above peers
Chesapeake, VA 5.1% 8th -1.1pp 8th 28% below peers
Winston-Salem, NC 5.3% 10th -1.0pp 9th 25% below peers
Madison, WI 2.2% 1st -0.1pp 10th 69% below peers
Jersey City, NJ 7.9% 21st -0.2pp 11th 12% above peers
Chula Vista, CA 4.9% 7th -0.1pp 12th 30% below peers
Anchorage municipality, AK 8.4% 24th +0.1pp 13th 20% above peers
Reno, NV 6.7% 13th +0.2pp 14th 5% below peers
Pittsburgh, PA 3.7% 3rd +0.2pp 15th 47% below peers
Lubbock, TX 4.2% 4th +0.3pp 16th 40% below peers
Enterprise, NV 7.8% 20th +1.0pp 17th 11% above peers
Boise, ID 5.7% 11th +0.7pp 18th 20% below peers
Saint Paul, MN 6.8% 15th +0.9pp 19th 4% below peers
Lincoln, NE 3.5% 2nd +0.7pp 20th 51% below peers
Toledo, OH 12.0% 29th +2.6pp 21st 69% above peers
Gilbert, AZ 6.7% 14th +1.9pp 22nd 5% below peers
St. Petersburg, FL 7.2% 18th +2.1pp 23rd 2% above peers
Plano, TX 7.1% 16th +2.1pp 24th on par with peers
Buffalo, NY 9.9% 26th +3.1pp 25th 41% above peers
Garland, TX 10.1% 28th +3.2pp 26th 43% above peers
North Las Vegas, NV 14.1% 30th +5.0pp 27th 100% above peers
Irving, TX 10.1% 27th +4.4pp 28th 43% above peers
Port St. Lucie, FL 8.1% 22nd +3.7pp 29th 14% above peers
Scottsdale, AZ 9.1% 25th +4.2pp 30th 29% above peers
▸ Where is this changing? 92 census tracts
Each tract is colored and ranked by its change from 2019 to 2024, between the same two survey periods as the card above, as a share of its own starting level: green tracts improved, red tracts moved the wrong way. Tracts marked * moved less than their own survey margin, so their color is a direction, not a claim. Hover a tract for its numbers and history, or a table row to find that tract on the map; click either for its location or its data in the Explorer.
EducationTeens not in school and not working
Loading tract map…
27 of 92 tracts cover a shorter window (dashed outline; mostly 2020 boundary changes); 1 has too little data to show a change (gray). Each tract's change uses the same two survey periods as the card above and is judged against the tract's own published margins; tracts marked * moved less than their margin. How the tract view works →
▸

Peers worth a call

1
Cities of similar size (250k-1m) that started mid-pack, like this city, and whose improvement is sustained over several years, larger than the data's normal noise, and big enough to matter. Referral candidates to investigate, not proven interventions. How we pick these →
  • Chandler, AZ down 3.9pp between its surveys · a larger real gain than 99% of this group · 2019-2024
Census ACS 5-year survey (table B14005) through 2024 ±2.1pp at 90% confidence (2024 estimate) survey trend: 2015-2019 vs 2020-2024 surveys about this metric
See all Education data →
Demographics 4 indicators
Demographics

Population

No better direction Rising
Compared against How peers are chosen →
What changed

Population rose about 8% between the 2015-2019 and 2020-2024 surveys, from 256,480 to 276,854 - more than the combined survey margin (±89). That reverses the previous span, which went down between the 2010-2014 and 2015-2019 surveys.

Broader trend
79% of similar-size cities show a real change in the same direction; 10% moved the other way.
Longer view
Population rose about 6% from 2014 to 2024 (259,959 to 276,854).
Big move 276,854
20102024
Open in Explorer →
▸ Compare all 30 similar-size cities by change rank
Change is measured between each place's two non-overlapping survey periods against its published margins (90% confidence). significant improvement · significant worsening · not significant (within the margin). Change rank orders every measured change; read it with the dot beside it, ranks among hollow-dot rows are ordering values inside their margins. Today's rank orders current values in the metric's better direction.
Place Latest2020-2024 survey Today's rank Change2015-2019 → 2020-2024 Sig. Change rank History Latest vs. peers
Enterprise, NV 240,464 28th +41% 1st 13% below peers
Port St. Lucie, FL 232,491 30th +23% 2nd 16% below peers
North Las Vegas, NV 278,595 12th +15% 3rd 1% above peers
Gilbert, AZ 280,262 10th +15% 4th 1% above peers
Jersey City, NJ 294,078 5th +12% 5th 6% above peers
Chandler, AZ 280,136 11th +11% 6th 1% above peers
Reno, NV 273,212 16th +11% 7th 1% below peers
Madison, WI 278,001 13th +9% 8th 1% above peers
Durham, NC 291,467 6th +8% 9th 5% above peers
Buffalo, NY 276,854 14th +8% 10th on par with peers
Irving, TX 256,492 22nd +7% 11th 7% below peers
Chesapeake, VA 252,583 24th +5% 12th 9% below peers
Boise, ID 237,242 29th +5% 13th 14% below peers
Lubbock, TX 264,814 19th +4% 14th 4% below peers
Lincoln, NE 294,856 4th +4% 15th 7% above peers
Garland, TX 246,844 26th +4% 16th 11% below peers
Greensboro, NC 301,198 3rd +3% 17th 9% above peers
Winston-Salem, NC 252,037 25th +3% 18th 9% below peers
Chula Vista, CA 276,375 15th +3% 19th on par with peers
Glendale, AZ 252,833 23rd +2% 20th 9% below peers
Plano, TX 290,594 7th +1% 21st 5% above peers
Fort Wayne, IN 268,589 17th +1% 22nd 3% below peers
Saint Paul, MN 307,284 1st +1% 23rd 11% above peers
Pittsburgh, PA 304,759 2nd +1% 24th 10% above peers
St. Petersburg, FL 262,732 20th +1% 25th 5% below peers
Laredo, TX 257,619 21st -1% 26th 7% below peers
Anchorage municipality, AK 288,976 8th -2% 27th 5% above peers
Scottsdale, AZ 243,821 27th -3% 28th 12% below peers
Toledo, OH 267,463 18th -3% 29th 3% below peers
St. Louis, MO 288,512 9th -6% 30th 4% above peers
▸ Where is this changing? 92 census tracts
Each tract is colored and ranked by its change from 2019 to 2024, between the same two survey periods as the card above, as a share of its own starting level: blue tracts rose, orange tracts fell. Tracts marked * moved less than their own survey margin, so their color is a direction, not a claim. Hover a tract for its numbers and history, or a table row to find that tract on the map; click either for its location or its data in the Explorer.
DemographicsPopulation
Loading tract map…
26 of 92 tracts cover a shorter window (dashed outline; mostly 2020 boundary changes). Each tract's change uses the same two survey periods as the card above and is judged against the tract's own published margins; tracts marked * moved less than their margin. How the tract view works →
Census ACS 5-year survey through 2024 ±74 at 90% confidence (2024 estimate) survey trend: 2015-2019 vs 2020-2024 surveys about this metric
Demographics

Children's share of the population

No better direction No measurable change
Compared against How peers are chosen →
What changed

Children changed less than the survey can measure between the 2015-2019 and 2020-2024 surveys (22.6% then, 22.3% now; margin ±0.7pp).

Broader trend
76% of similar-size cities show a real change in either direction.
Longer view
Children fell 0.6 percentage points from 2017 to 2024 (22.9% to 22.3%).
22.3%
20172024
Open in Explorer →
▸ Compare all 30 similar-size cities by change rank
Change is measured between each place's two non-overlapping survey periods against its published margins (90% confidence). significant improvement · significant worsening · not significant (within the margin). Change rank orders every measured change; read it with the dot beside it, ranks among hollow-dot rows are ordering values inside their margins. Today's rank orders current values in the metric's better direction.
Place Latest2020-2024 survey Today's rank Change2015-2019 → 2020-2024 Sig. Change rank History Latest vs. peers
New York ref 20.5% -0.5pp
United States ref 21.9% -0.7pp
Greensboro, NC 21.7% 19th -0.1pp 1st 5% below peers
Chesapeake, VA 24.2% 9th -0.1pp 2nd 6% above peers
Madison, WI 16.1% 27th -0.2pp 3rd 29% below peers
Buffalo, NY 22.3% 17th -0.3pp 4th 2% below peers
Lubbock, TX 22.9% 13th -0.4pp 5th on par with peers
Irving, TX 26.2% 3rd -0.7pp 6th 15% above peers
Toledo, OH 22.9% 14th -0.6pp 7th on par with peers
Lincoln, NE 21.9% 18th -0.7pp 8th 4% below peers
Pittsburgh, PA 14.6% 29th -0.5pp 9th 36% below peers
Chula Vista, CA 24.5% 7th -0.8pp 10th 7% above peers
Winston-Salem, NC 23.0% 12th -0.8pp 11th 1% above peers
Fort Wayne, IN 24.3% 8th -1.0pp 12th 7% above peers
Anchorage municipality, AK 23.5% 10th -1.0pp 13th 3% above peers
Glendale, AZ 24.5% 6th -1.0pp 14th 8% above peers
Jersey City, NJ 19.7% 24th -0.9pp 15th 14% below peers
St. Petersburg, FL 16.1% 28th -0.9pp 16th 30% below peers
Laredo, TX 31.3% 1st -1.8pp 17th 37% above peers
St. Louis, MO 18.3% 26th -1.1pp 18th 20% below peers
Saint Paul, MN 23.5% 11th -1.5pp 19th 3% above peers
Gilbert, AZ 28.1% 2nd -1.8pp 20th 23% above peers
Garland, TX 25.5% 4th -1.7pp 21st 12% above peers
Reno, NV 19.9% 23rd -1.4pp 22nd 13% below peers
Port St. Lucie, FL 20.4% 21st -1.5pp 23rd 10% below peers
Plano, TX 20.9% 20th -1.6pp 24th 8% below peers
Durham, NC 20.1% 22nd -1.6pp 25th 12% below peers
Enterprise, NV 22.6% 16th -1.9pp 26th 1% below peers
Chandler, AZ 22.8% 15th -2.4pp 27th on par with peers
Scottsdale, AZ 13.9% 30th -1.6pp 28th 39% below peers
North Las Vegas, NV 25.5% 5th -3.2pp 29th 12% above peers
Boise, ID 18.5% 25th -3.3pp 30th 19% below peers
▸ Where is this changing? 92 census tracts
Each tract is colored and ranked by its change from 2019 to 2024, between the same two survey periods as the card above, as a share of its own starting level: blue tracts rose, orange tracts fell. Tracts marked * moved less than their own survey margin, so their color is a direction, not a claim. Hover a tract for its numbers and history, or a table row to find that tract on the map; click either for its location or its data in the Explorer.
DemographicsChildren's share of the population
Loading tract map…
26 of 92 tracts cover a shorter window (dashed outline; mostly 2020 boundary changes); 1 has too little data to show a change (gray). Each tract's change uses the same two survey periods as the card above and is judged against the tract's own published margins; tracts marked * moved less than their margin. How the tract view works →
Census ACS 5-year survey through 2024 ±0.5pp at 90% confidence (2024 estimate) survey trend: 2015-2019 vs 2020-2024 surveys about this metric
Demographics

Children in single-parent families

No better direction No measurable change
Compared against How peers are chosen →
What changed

Single-parent changed less than the survey can measure between the 2015-2019 and 2020-2024 surveys (55.8% then, 52.2% now; margin ±3.7pp).

Broader trend
38% of similar-size cities show a real change in either direction.
Longer view
Single-parent fell 9.5 percentage points from 2014 to 2024 (61.8% to 52.2%).
Big move 52.2%
20102024
Open in Explorer →
▸ Compare all 30 similar-size cities by change rank
Change is measured between each place's two non-overlapping survey periods against its published margins (90% confidence). significant improvement · significant worsening · not significant (within the margin). Change rank orders every measured change; read it with the dot beside it, ranks among hollow-dot rows are ordering values inside their margins. Today's rank orders current values in the metric's better direction.
Place Latest2020-2024 survey Today's rank Change2015-2019 → 2020-2024 Sig. Change rank History Latest vs. peers
New York ref 30.3% -0.1pp
United States ref 29.9% -0.2pp
Chandler, AZ 27.9% 23rd +5.1pp 1st 18% below peers
Gilbert, AZ 19.9% 29th +3.5pp 2nd 41% below peers
Scottsdale, AZ 26.6% 26th +3.7pp 3rd 22% below peers
Anchorage municipality, AK 31.6% 18th +4.2pp 4th 7% below peers
Laredo, TX 39.6% 8th +4.4pp 5th 17% above peers
Madison, WI 31.3% 19th +3.5pp 6th 8% below peers
Enterprise, NV 28.5% 22nd +2.9pp 7th 16% below peers
Reno, NV 38.0% 10th +2.6pp 8th 12% above peers
Port St. Lucie, FL 31.6% 17th +2.1pp 9th 7% below peers
Toledo, OH 61.7% 1st +3.8pp 10th 82% above peers
Plano, TX 19.4% 30th +0.7pp 11th 43% below peers
Saint Paul, MN 39.6% 9th +1.2pp 12th 17% above peers
Lincoln, NE 26.7% 25th +0.8pp 13th 21% below peers
Garland, TX 31.1% 20th +0.5pp 14th 8% below peers
Fort Wayne, IN 40.3% 7th +0.5pp 15th 19% above peers
Boise, ID 27.2% 24th +0.3pp 16th 20% below peers
North Las Vegas, NV 37.2% 12th +0.3pp 17th 10% above peers
Greensboro, NC 42.9% 4th -1.1pp 18th 26% above peers
Winston-Salem, NC 41.9% 6th -1.3pp 19th 23% above peers
Chesapeake, VA 30.1% 21st -1.1pp 20th 11% below peers
Pittsburgh, PA 42.6% 5th -2.1pp 21st 26% above peers
Buffalo, NY 52.2% 2nd -3.6pp 22nd 54% above peers
St. Louis, MO 52.2% 3rd -4.0pp 23rd 54% above peers
Lubbock, TX 35.6% 14th -2.8pp 24th 5% above peers
Irving, TX 25.9% 27th -3.4pp 25th 24% below peers
Chula Vista, CA 23.6% 28th -3.3pp 26th 30% below peers
Jersey City, NJ 31.6% 16th -4.9pp 27th 7% below peers
St. Petersburg, FL 36.0% 13th -5.7pp 28th 6% above peers
Durham, NC 37.4% 11th -5.9pp 29th 10% above peers
Glendale, AZ 33.9% 15th -7.3pp 30th on par with peers
▸ Where is this changing? 92 census tracts
Each tract is colored and ranked by its change from 2019 to 2024, between the same two survey periods as the card above, as a share of its own starting level: blue tracts rose, orange tracts fell. Tracts marked * moved less than their own survey margin, so their color is a direction, not a claim. Hover a tract for its numbers and history, or a table row to find that tract on the map; click either for its location or its data in the Explorer.
DemographicsChildren in single-parent families
Loading tract map…
24 of 92 tracts cover a shorter window (dashed outline; mostly 2020 boundary changes); 3 have too little data to show a change (gray). Each tract's change uses the same two survey periods as the card above and is judged against the tract's own published margins; tracts marked * moved less than their margin. How the tract view works →
Census ACS 5-year survey (table B09002) through 2024 ±2.9pp at 90% confidence (2024 estimate) survey trend: 2015-2019 vs 2020-2024 surveys about this metric
Demographics

Young children with all parents in the labor force

No better direction Rising
Compared against How peers are chosen →
What changed

Working parents rose 7.7 percentage points between the 2015-2019 and 2020-2024 surveys, from 57.8% to 65.5% - more than the combined survey margin (±5.8pp).

Broader trend
10% of similar-size cities show a real change in the same direction; 10% moved the other way.
Longer view
Working parents rose 4.4 percentage points from 2014 to 2024 (61.1% to 65.5%).
Big move 65.5%
20102024
Open in Explorer →
▸ Compare all 30 similar-size cities by change rank
Change is measured between each place's two non-overlapping survey periods against its published margins (90% confidence). significant improvement · significant worsening · not significant (within the margin). Change rank orders every measured change; read it with the dot beside it, ranks among hollow-dot rows are ordering values inside their margins. Today's rank orders current values in the metric's better direction.
Place Latest2020-2024 survey Today's rank Change2015-2019 → 2020-2024 Sig. Change rank History Latest vs. peers
New York ref 69.5% +2.7pp
United States ref 68.1% +1.9pp
Gilbert, AZ 70.7% 10th +15.2pp 1st 2% above peers
Buffalo, NY 65.5% 19th +7.7pp 2nd 5% below peers
North Las Vegas, NV 69.3% 12th +8.0pp 3rd on par with peers
Scottsdale, AZ 69.0% 15th +6.8pp 4th on par with peers
Chula Vista, CA 71.4% 9th +5.5pp 5th 3% above peers
Laredo, TX 56.3% 29th +4.2pp 6th 19% below peers
Jersey City, NJ 65.3% 20th +4.2pp 7th 5% below peers
Chandler, AZ 67.6% 18th +4.2pp 8th 2% below peers
Plano, TX 59.9% 28th +3.3pp 9th 13% below peers
Anchorage municipality, AK 68.5% 16th +3.2pp 10th 1% below peers
Winston-Salem, NC 65.2% 22nd +2.3pp 11th 6% below peers
Enterprise, NV 73.0% 6th +1.6pp 12th 6% above peers
St. Petersburg, FL 72.6% 8th +0.8pp 13th 5% above peers
Reno, NV 75.1% 2nd +0.3pp 14th 9% above peers
Durham, NC 74.5% 4th -0.5pp 15th 8% above peers
Glendale, AZ 63.5% 25th -0.5pp 16th 8% below peers
Madison, WI 75.9% 1st -0.7pp 17th 10% above peers
Pittsburgh, PA 69.1% 14th -0.7pp 18th on par with peers
Garland, TX 60.7% 27th -0.6pp 19th 12% below peers
Greensboro, NC 69.6% 11th -0.8pp 20th 1% above peers
Lubbock, TX 67.8% 17th -1.0pp 21st 2% below peers
Chesapeake, VA 65.3% 21st -1.4pp 22nd 5% below peers
Lincoln, NE 73.5% 5th -1.9pp 23rd 6% above peers
St. Louis, MO 74.5% 3rd -2.2pp 24th 8% above peers
Port St. Lucie, FL 73.0% 7th -2.8pp 25th 6% above peers
Boise, ID 63.9% 24th -3.2pp 26th 7% below peers
Toledo, OH 69.3% 13th -4.5pp 27th on par with peers
Saint Paul, MN 64.9% 23rd -6.9pp 28th 6% below peers
Fort Wayne, IN 62.2% 26th -8.3pp 29th 10% below peers
Irving, TX 53.4% 30th -8.5pp 30th 23% below peers
▸ Where is this changing? 92 census tracts
Each tract is colored and ranked by its change from 2019 to 2024, between the same two survey periods as the card above, as a share of its own starting level: blue tracts rose, orange tracts fell. Tracts marked * moved less than their own survey margin, so their color is a direction, not a claim. Hover a tract for its numbers and history, or a table row to find that tract on the map; click either for its location or its data in the Explorer.
DemographicsYoung children with all parents in the labor force
Loading tract map…
25 of 92 tracts cover a shorter window (dashed outline; mostly 2020 boundary changes); 3 have too little data to show a change (gray). Each tract's change uses the same two survey periods as the card above and is judged against the tract's own published margins; tracts marked * moved less than their margin. How the tract view works →
Census ACS 5-year survey (table B23008) through 2024 ±4.5pp at 90% confidence (2024 estimate) survey trend: 2015-2019 vs 2020-2024 surveys about this metric
See all Demographics data →