DataWorks Commons
Raleigh, NC
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Raleigh, NC

See all data for this place → See Raleigh on Skyline →
506,306 people (2025) 250k-1m South

Bright spots 13 indicators

Where Raleigh, NC shows a real improvement in recent years, or stands clearly ahead of its peers. How this is calculated →
Household income
Median household income
$85,395
2020-24
▲ 27%
relative change
$67,266 in 2019
Real improvement Leading peers
Learn more ↓
Vehicle theft
Motor vehicle theft rate
286 /100k
Jul 2026
▼ 25%
relative change
383 a year earlier
Improving recently  
Learn more ↓
Property crime
Property crime rate
2,139 /100k
Jul 2026
▼ 17%
relative change
2,583 a year earlier
Dropping fast  
Learn more ↓
Violent crime
Violent crime rate
392 /100k
Jul 2026
▼ 12%
relative change
446 a year earlier
Dropping fast  
Learn more ↓
Child poverty
Share of children below the poverty level
16.0%
2020-24
▼ 10%
relative change
17.8% in 2019
Real improvement Leading peers
Learn more ↓
Uninsured
People without health insurance
9.3%
2020-24
▼ 9%
relative change
10.2% in 2019
Real improvement Trailing peers
Learn more ↓
 ★
Unemployment
Unemployment rate
3.3%
Jul 2026
▼ 8%
relative change
3.6% a year earlier
Ahead of peers and dropping Leading peers
Learn more ↓
 ★
College attainment
Adults with a bachelor's degree or higher
54.0%
2020-24
▲ 6%
relative change
50.9% in 2019
Real improvement Leading peers
Learn more ↓
 ★
Broadband
Households with a broadband internet subscription
94.7%
2020-24
▲ 5%
relative change
90.1% in 2019
Real improvement Leading peers
Learn more ↓
 ★
Disconnected youth
Teens not in school and not working
4.7%
2020-24
flat
relative change
4.7% in 2019
No measurable change Leading peers
Learn more ↓
Poverty
Share of people below the poverty level
11.9%
2020-24
▼ 6%
relative change
12.6% in 2019
No measurable change Leading peers
Learn more ↓
No vehicle
Households without a vehicle
6.0%
2020-24
▲ 6%
relative change
5.7% in 2019
No measurable change Leading peers
Learn more ↓
Homicide
Homicide rate
16 homicides
12 mo to Jul 2026
▼ 36%
relative change
25 in the prior 12 months
Dropping fast  
Learn more ↓

What needs attention 4 indicators

Where Raleigh, NC shows a real worsening in recent years, or trails its peers clearly. How this is calculated →
Preschool enrollment
Children ages 3-4 enrolled in preschool
45.6%
2020-24
▼ 17%
relative change
55.2% in 2019
Worsening Trailing peers
Learn more ↓
Cost burden
Housing cost-burdened households
35.6%
2020-24
▲ 15%
relative change
30.9% in 2019
Worsening Leading peers
Learn more ↓
Inequality
Income inequality (Gini index)
0.48
2020-24
▲ 4%
relative change
0.47 in 2019
Worsening Trailing peers
Learn more ↓
SNAP
Households receiving SNAP
8.3%
2019-23
▼ 3%
relative change
8.5% in 2018
Turning up (early signal) Leading peers
Learn more ↓

Big moves & big gaps 1 indicator

Real movement and big differences from peers, where neither direction is simply good or bad. Biggest relative change first; big-gap cards come last. How this is calculated →
Single-parent
Children in single-parent families
34.8%
2020-24
low
vs peers
35.3% in 2019
No measurable change Among the lowest of peers
Learn more ↓

All indicators

Public Safety 4 indicators
Public Safety

Violent crime rate

▼ Lower is better Improving recently
Compared against How peers are chosen →
What changed

Violent crime fell about 12% over the 12 months ending July 2026, faster than 65% of similar-size cities.

Broader trend
Multi-year view: violent crime is about 9% lower than in 2021 (436 then, 396 now), but the direction has turned: after peaking near 517 in 2022 it has fallen each year since.
Longer view
Violent crime rose about 3% a year from 2018 to 2026.
Latest
Most recent monthly reading: 392 in July 2026, down from 446 a year earlier.
Bright spot 392 per 100k
2018July 2026
Open in Explorer →
▸ Compare all 18 similar-size cities by change rank
Each place's latest 12 months compares against its prior 12. significant improvement · significant worsening · within chance fluctuation for counts this size (Poisson test at 90%; these are administrative tallies, so the test covers event randomness, not survey error). Reporting practices vary by agency, so comparisons are indicative, not definitive; see crime data cautions.
Place Latestper 100k Changelast 12 months Sig. Change rank History
U.S. (RTCI sample) ref 456 (Apr 26) -9.3%
Memphis, TN 1,471 (Jul 26) -35.5% 1st
Tucson, AZ 458 (Jul 26) -27.3% 2nd
Long Beach, CA 670 (Jul 26) -18.7% 3rd
Miami, FL 315 (Jul 26) -15.7% 4th
Tulsa, OK 758 (May 26) -15.4% 5th
Aurora, CO 713 (Jul 26) -15.3% 6th
Raleigh, NC 392 (Jul 26) -12.1% 7th
Milwaukee, WI 1,107 (Jun 26) -11.1% 8th
Baltimore, MD 1,482 (Jul 26) -9.0% 9th
Colorado Springs, CO 674 (Jul 26) -7.2% 10th
Fresno, CA 675 (Jun 26) -7.2% 11th
Kansas City, MO 1,367 (Jul 26) -6.5% 12th
Sacramento, CA 619 (Jul 26) -6.5% 13th
Omaha, NE 354 (Jul 26) -1.0% 14th
Minneapolis, MN 1,047 (Jul 26) -0.8% 15th
Mesa, AZ 441 (Jul 26) -0.3% 16th
Bakersfield, CA 507 (Jul 26) +6.9% 17th
Virginia Beach, VA 100 (Jul 26) +13.7% 18th
▸

Peers worth a call

3
Cities of similar size (250k-1m) that started in the strongest third, like this city, and whose improvement is sustained over several years, larger than the data's normal noise, and big enough to matter. Because this metric moves monthly, each listed city also held or improved over its own most recent 12 months (shown on each row), and the list is ordered by that recent movement. Referral candidates to investigate, not proven interventions. How we pick these →
  • Urban Honolulu, HI down about 8% over the 12 months ending July 2026 · sustained: down about 7% a year · 2021-2026
  • Irving, TX down about 5% over the 12 months ending July 2026 · sustained: down about 6% a year · 2021-2026
  • Chandler, AZ down about 1% over the 12 months ending July 2026 · sustained: down about 9% a year · 2021-2026
Real-Time Crime Index through 2026-05 administrative trend: robust fit about this metric
Public Safety

Property crime rate

▼ Lower is better Improving recently, leading peers
Compared against How peers are chosen →
What changed

Property crime fell about 17% over the 12 months ending July 2026, faster than 78% of similar-size cities.

Broader trend
Multi-year view: property crime rose about 4% a year from 2021 to 2026. That is movement in the wrong direction.
Longer view
Property crime rose about 2% a year from 2018 to 2026.
Latest
Most recent monthly reading: 2,139 in July 2026, down from 2,583 a year earlier.
Bright spot 2,139 per 100k
2018July 2026
Open in Explorer →
▸ Compare all 19 similar-size cities by change rank
Each place's latest 12 months compares against its prior 12. significant improvement · significant worsening · within chance fluctuation for counts this size (Poisson test at 90%; these are administrative tallies, so the test covers event randomness, not survey error). Reporting practices vary by agency, so comparisons are indicative, not definitive; see crime data cautions.
Place Latestper 100k Changelast 12 months Sig. Change rank History
U.S. (RTCI sample) ref 1,987 (Apr 26) -12.2%
Memphis, TN 3,691 (Jul 26) -38.3% 1st
Tucson, AZ 2,228 (Jul 26) -29.7% 2nd
Long Beach, CA 2,312 (Jul 26) -20.4% 3rd
Miami, FL 2,205 (Jul 26) -17.5% 4th
Raleigh, NC 2,139 (Jul 26) -17.2% 5th
Mesa, AZ 1,178 (Jul 26) -15.6% 6th
Tulsa, OK 2,985 (May 26) -15.4% 7th
Atlanta, GA 3,121 (Apr 26) -14.8% 8th
Aurora, CO 2,355 (Jul 26) -14.7% 9th
Milwaukee, WI 2,251 (Jun 26) -13.9% 10th
Sacramento, CA 2,060 (Jul 26) -13.0% 11th
Virginia Beach, VA 1,381 (Jul 26) -12.9% 12th
Omaha, NE 2,652 (Jul 26) -11.1% 13th
Colorado Springs, CO 3,010 (Jul 26) -10.9% 14th
Fresno, CA 2,539 (Jun 26) -10.5% 15th
Kansas City, MO 3,950 (Jul 26) -7.9% 16th
Minneapolis, MN 4,738 (Jul 26) -1.8% 17th
Baltimore, MD 4,248 (Jul 26) +2.9% 18th
Bakersfield, CA 2,261 (Jul 26) +7.5% 19th
▸

Peers worth a call

3
Cities of similar size (250k-1m) that started in the strongest third, like this city, and whose improvement is sustained over several years, larger than the data's normal noise, and big enough to matter. Because this metric moves monthly, each listed city also held or improved over its own most recent 12 months (shown on each row), and the list is ordered by that recent movement. Referral candidates to investigate, not proven interventions. How we pick these →
  • Irvine, CA down about 28% over the 12 months ending July 2026 · sustained: down about 5% a year · 2021-2026
  • Irving, TX down about 21% over the 12 months ending July 2026 · sustained: down about 6% a year · 2021-2026
  • Arlington, TX down about 19% over the 12 months ending July 2026 · sustained: down about 4% a year · 2021-2026
Real-Time Crime Index through 2026-05 administrative trend: robust fit about this metric
Public Safety

Homicide rate

▼ Lower is better Improving recently, leading peers
Compared against How peers are chosen →
What changed

Homicides fell about 36% over the 12 months ending July 2026, faster than 79% of similar-size cities.

Broader trend
Multi-year view: homicide is about 40% lower than in 2021 (5 then, 3 now), but the direction has turned: after peaking near 8 in 2024 it has fallen each year since.
Longer view
Homicide rose about 8% a year from 2018 to 2026.
Latest
Most recent reading: 16 homicides in the 12 months ending July 2026, down from 25 in the prior 12 months. That is 3 per 100,000 residents; peer comparisons use the rate.
Bright spot 16 homicides
2018July 2026
Open in Explorer →
▸ Compare all 20 similar-size cities by change rank
Each place's latest 12 months compares against its prior 12. significant improvement · significant worsening · within chance fluctuation for counts this size (Poisson test at 90%; these are administrative tallies, so the test covers event randomness, not survey error). Reporting practices vary by agency, so comparisons are indicative, not definitive; see crime data cautions.
Place Latestper 100k Changelast 12 months Sig. Change rank History
U.S. (RTCI sample) ref 6 (Apr 26) -17.8%
Tucson, AZ 5 (Jul 26) -54.6% 1st
Aurora, CO 5 (Jul 26) -43.2% 2nd
Memphis, TN 22 (Jul 26) -40.3% 3rd
Albuquerque, NM 10 (Jul 26) -37.8% 4th
Raleigh, NC 3 (Jul 26) -36.0% 5th
Virginia Beach, VA 2 (Jul 26) -35.9% 6th
Colorado Springs, CO 4 (Jul 26) -35.7% 7th
Baltimore, MD 20 (Jul 26) -32.1% 8th
Sacramento, CA 6 (Jul 26) -30.3% 9th
Mesa, AZ 3 (Jul 26) -26.2% 10th
Bakersfield, CA 5 (Jul 26) -25.0% 11th
Fresno, CA 4 (Jun 26) -22.6% 12th
Atlanta, GA 16 (Jul 26) -21.8% 13th
Minneapolis, MN 13 (Jul 26) -20.6% 14th
Miami, FL 4 (Jul 26) -18.3% 15th
Milwaukee, WI 22 (Jun 26) -15.4% 16th
Kansas City, MO 26 (Jul 26) -11.3% 17th
Tulsa, OK 6 (May 26) -7.1% 18th
Omaha, NE 4 (Jul 26) -4.4% 19th
Long Beach, CA 6 (Jul 26) -3.7% 20th
▸

Peers worth a call

3
Cities of similar size (250k-1m) that started in the strongest third, like this city, and whose improvement is sustained over several years, larger than the data's normal noise, and big enough to matter. Because this metric moves monthly, each listed city also held or improved over its own most recent 12 months (shown on each row), and the list is ordered by that recent movement. Referral candidates to investigate, not proven interventions. How we pick these →
  • Henderson, NV down about 100% over the 12 months ending July 2026 · sustained: down about 14% a year · 2021-2026
  • Seattle, WA down about 39% over the 12 months ending July 2026 · sustained: down about 10% a year · 2021-2026
  • Laredo, TX down about 37% over the 12 months ending July 2026 · sustained: down about 11% a year · 2021-2026
Real-Time Crime Index through 2026-06 administrative trend: robust fit about this metric
Public Safety

Motor vehicle theft rate

▼ Lower is better Improving recently
Compared against How peers are chosen →
What changed

Vehicle theft fell about 25% over the 12 months ending July 2026, faster than 50% of similar-size cities.

Broader trend
Multi-year view: vehicle theft rose about 5% a year from 2021 to 2026. That is movement in the wrong direction.
Longer view
Vehicle theft rose about 24% a year from 2018 to 2026.
Latest
Most recent monthly reading: 286 in July 2026, down from 383 a year earlier.
Bright spot 286 per 100k
2018July 2026
Open in Explorer →
▸ Compare all 19 similar-size cities by change rank
Each place's latest 12 months compares against its prior 12. significant improvement · significant worsening · within chance fluctuation for counts this size (Poisson test at 90%; these are administrative tallies, so the test covers event randomness, not survey error). Reporting practices vary by agency, so comparisons are indicative, not definitive; see crime data cautions.
Place Latestper 100k Changelast 12 months Sig. Change rank History
U.S. (RTCI sample) ref 303 (Apr 26) -22.2%
Memphis, TN 503 (Jul 26) -58.4% 1st
Tucson, AZ 198 (Jul 26) -54.8% 2nd
Colorado Springs, CO 298 (Jul 26) -48.4% 3rd
Aurora, CO 392 (Jul 26) -41.8% 4th
Miami, FL 198 (Jul 26) -37.1% 5th
Atlanta, GA 469 (Apr 26) -31.6% 6th
Omaha, NE 375 (Jul 26) -31.1% 7th
Milwaukee, WI 729 (Jun 26) -28.4% 8th
Mesa, AZ 135 (Jul 26) -25.6% 9th
Raleigh, NC 286 (Jul 26) -25.3% 10th
Fresno, CA 405 (Jun 26) -22.4% 11th
Long Beach, CA 612 (Jul 26) -19.8% 12th
Virginia Beach, VA 83 (Jul 26) -19.5% 13th
Tulsa, OK 350 (May 26) -18.8% 14th
Kansas City, MO 1,188 (Jul 26) -14.2% 15th
Sacramento, CA 376 (Jul 26) -14.0% 16th
Bakersfield, CA 464 (Jul 26) -10.2% 17th
Minneapolis, MN 1,264 (Jul 26) -3.6% 18th
Baltimore, MD 817 (Jul 26) -1.5% 19th
▸

Peers worth a call

3
Cities of similar size (250k-1m) that started in the strongest third, like this city, and whose improvement is sustained over several years, larger than the data's normal noise, and big enough to matter. Because this metric moves monthly, each listed city also held or improved over its own most recent 12 months (shown on each row), and the list is ordered by that recent movement. Referral candidates to investigate, not proven interventions. How we pick these →
  • Boston, MA down about 44% over the 12 months ending July 2026 · sustained: down about 10% a year · 2021-2026
  • Plano, TX down about 43% over the 12 months ending July 2026 · sustained: down about 12% a year · 2021-2026
  • Virginia Beach, VA down about 19% over the 12 months ending July 2026 · sustained: down about 17% a year · 2021-2026
Real-Time Crime Index through 2026-06 administrative trend: robust fit about this metric
See all Public Safety data →
Economy 7 indicators
Economy

Median household income

▲ Higher is better Real improvement
Compared against How peers are chosen →
What changed

Household income rose about 27% between the 2015-2019 and 2020-2024 surveys, from $67,266 to $85,395 (each survey's own dollars, not adjusted for inflation) - more than the combined survey margin (±$2,552).

Broader trend
All similar-size cities show a real change in the same direction. Raleigh started among the stronger third of similar-size cities and kept improving; worth investigating.
Longer view
Household income rose about 56% from 2014 to 2024 ($54,581 to $85,395).
Bright spot $85,395
20102024
Open in Explorer →
▸ Compare all 22 similar-size cities by change rank
Change is measured between each place's two non-overlapping survey periods against its published margins (90% confidence). significant improvement · significant worsening · not significant (within the margin). Change rank orders every measured change; read it with the dot beside it, ranks among hollow-dot rows are ordering values inside their margins. Today's rank orders current values in the metric's better direction.
Place Latest2020-2024 survey Today's rank Change2015-2019 → 2020-2024 Sig. Change rank History Latest vs. peers
North Carolina ref $72,388 +33%
United States ref $80,734 +28%
Miami, FL $62,462 17th +60% 1st 22% below peers
Atlanta, GA $85,652 6th +43% 2nd 6% above peers
Mesa, AZ $82,752 9th +42% 3rd 3% above peers
Fresno, CA $70,991 14th +41% 4th 12% below peers
Tampa, FL $75,475 12th +40% 5th 6% below peers
Sacramento, CA $87,321 5th +40% 6th 8% above peers
Long Beach, CA $87,430 4th +39% 7th 9% above peers
Oakland, CA $101,600 1st +38% 8th 26% above peers
Aurora, CO $88,368 3rd +36% 9th 10% above peers
Tucson, AZ $57,073 20th +31% 10th 29% below peers
Colorado Springs, CO $84,818 8th +31% 11th 5% above peers
Milwaukee, WI $54,234 21st +30% 12th 33% below peers
Minneapolis, MN $80,846 10th +29% 13th on par with peers
Albuquerque, NM $68,317 16th +29% 14th 15% below peers
Kansas City, MO $69,166 15th +28% 15th 14% below peers
Bakersfield, CA $80,540 11th +28% 16th on par with peers
Raleigh, NC $85,395 7th +27% 17th 6% above peers
Tulsa, OK $59,838 19th +26% 18th 26% below peers
Memphis, TN $51,736 22nd +25% 19th 36% below peers
Baltimore, MD $62,177 18th +23% 20th 23% below peers
Omaha, NE $73,201 13th +22% 21st 9% below peers
Virginia Beach, VA $92,968 2nd +21% 22nd 15% above peers
▸ Where is this changing? 100 census tracts
Each tract is colored and ranked by its change from 2019 to 2024, between the same two survey periods as the card above, as a share of its own starting level: green tracts improved, red tracts moved the wrong way. Tracts marked * moved less than their own survey margin, so their color is a direction, not a claim. Hover a tract for its numbers and history, or a table row to find that tract on the map; click either for its location or its data in the Explorer.
EconomyMedian household income
Loading tract map…
33 of 100 tracts cover a shorter window (dashed outline; mostly 2020 boundary changes); 1 has too little data to show a change (gray). Each tract's change uses the same two survey periods as the card above and is judged against the tract's own published margins; tracts marked * moved less than their margin. How the tract view works →
▸ Break down by group Race · ACS 2024
Loading breakdown…
How breakdowns work →
▸

Peers worth a call

3
Cities of similar size (250k-1m) that started in the strongest third, like this city, and whose improvement is sustained over several years, larger than the data's normal noise, and big enough to matter. Referral candidates to investigate, not proven interventions. How we pick these →
  • Santa Ana, CA up about 42% between its surveys · a larger real gain than 94% of this group · 2019-2024
  • Jersey City, NJ up about 38% between its surveys · a larger real gain than 84% of this group · 2019-2024
  • Denver, CO up about 38% between its surveys · a larger real gain than 82% of this group · 2019-2024
Census ACS 5-year survey through 2024 ±$2,159 at 90% confidence (2024 estimate) survey trend: 2015-2019 vs 2020-2024 surveys about this metric
★
Economy

Unemployment rate

▼ Lower is better Improving recently, leading peers ★ National leader
Compared against How peers are chosen →
What changed

Unemployment fell 0.3 percentage points over the 12 months ending July 2026, faster than 71% of similar-size cities.

Broader trend
Multi-year view: unemployment rose less than 0.1 percentage points a year from 2022 to 2025. That is movement in the wrong direction.
Longer view
Unemployment fell about 0.1 percentage points a year from 2015 to 2025.
Latest
Most recent monthly reading: 3.3% in July 2026, down from 3.6% a year earlier.
Bright spot 3.3%
1990July 2026
Open in Explorer →
▸ Compare all 22 similar-size cities by change rank
Place Latest Today's rank Changelast 12 months Change rank History Latest vs. peers
North Carolina ref 3.6% (Jul 26) -0.3pp
United States ref 4.1% (Aug 26) -0.2pp
Long Beach, CA 5.1% (Jul 26) 15th -0.9pp 1st 4% above peers
Kansas City, MO 3.7% (Jul 26) 6th -0.8pp 2nd 24% below peers
Fresno, CA 6.9% (Jul 26) 21st -0.6pp 3rd 41% above peers
Bakersfield, CA 6.9% (Jul 26) 22nd -0.5pp 4th 41% above peers
Miami, FL 2.2% (Jul 26) 1st -0.4pp 5th 55% below peers
Oakland, CA 4.9% (Jul 26) 12th -0.4pp 6th on par with peers
Raleigh, NC 3.3% (Jul 26) 2nd -0.3pp 7th 33% below peers
Omaha, NE 3.3% (Jul 26) 3rd -0.3pp 8th 33% below peers
Atlanta, GA 3.5% (Jul 26) 4th -0.2pp 9th 29% below peers
Sacramento, CA 5.3% (Jul 26) 16th -0.2pp 10th 8% above peers
Memphis, TN 5.6% (Jul 26) 18th -0.1pp 11th 14% above peers
Milwaukee, WI 4.9% (Jul 26) 13th +0.0pp 12th on par with peers
Baltimore, MD 5.7% (Jul 26) 20th +0.0pp 13th 16% above peers
Colorado Springs, CO 4.2% (Jul 26) 7th +0.1pp 14th 14% below peers
Aurora, CO 4.4% (Jul 26) 8th +0.2pp 15th 10% below peers
Virginia Beach, VA 3.5% (Jul 26) 5th +0.4pp 16th 29% below peers
Mesa, AZ 4.6% (Jul 26) 10th +0.5pp 17th 6% below peers
Tucson, AZ 5.6% (Jul 26) 19th +0.6pp 18th 14% above peers
Albuquerque, NM 5.3% (Jul 26) 17th +0.6pp 19th 8% above peers
Minneapolis, MN 4.4% (Jul 26) 9th +0.6pp 20th 10% below peers
Tampa, FL 4.9% (Jul 26) 14th +0.7pp 21st on par with peers
Tulsa, OK 4.8% (Jul 26) 11th +1.3pp 22nd 2% below peers
BLS Local Area Unemployment Statistics through 2025 administrative trend: robust fit about this metric
Economy

Share of people below the poverty level

▼ Lower is better No measurable change
Compared against How peers are chosen →
What changed

Poverty changed less than the survey can measure between the 2015-2019 and 2020-2024 surveys (12.6% then, 11.9% now; margin ±1.0pp).

Broader trend
81% of similar-size cities show a real change in either direction.
Longer view
Poverty fell 4.4 percentage points from 2014 to 2024 (16.3% to 11.9%).
Bright spot 11.9%
20112024
Open in Explorer →
▸ Compare all 22 similar-size cities by change rank
Change is measured between each place's two non-overlapping survey periods against its published margins (90% confidence). significant improvement · significant worsening · not significant (within the margin). Change rank orders every measured change; read it with the dot beside it, ranks among hollow-dot rows are ordering values inside their margins. Today's rank orders current values in the metric's better direction.
Place Latest2020-2024 survey Today's rank Change2015-2019 → 2020-2024 Sig. Change rank History Latest vs. peers
North Carolina ref 13.0% -1.7pp
United States ref 12.4%
Mesa, AZ 10.3% 3rd -4.5pp 1st 33% below peers
Colorado Springs, CO 9.1% 2nd -2.6pp 2nd 42% below peers
Fresno, CA 20.1% 20th -5.1pp 3rd 29% above peers
Oakland, CA 13.4% 6th -3.4pp 4th 14% below peers
Atlanta, GA 16.9% 15th -3.9pp 5th 9% above peers
Miami, FL 19.4% 18th -4.0pp 6th 25% above peers
Tampa, FL 15.4% 11th -3.2pp 7th 1% below peers
Minneapolis, MN 16.0% 13th -3.2pp 8th 3% above peers
Tucson, AZ 18.9% 17th -3.6pp 9th 21% above peers
Sacramento, CA 13.9% 8th -2.6pp 10th 10% below peers
Long Beach, CA 14.8% 10th -2.0pp 11th 5% below peers
Milwaukee, WI 22.8% 21st -2.6pp 12th 47% above peers
Kansas City, MO 14.7% 9th -1.5pp 13th 6% below peers
Albuquerque, NM 15.5% 12th -1.3pp 14th on par with peers
Memphis, TN 23.1% 22nd -2.0pp 15th 49% above peers
Baltimore, MD 19.8% 19th -1.5pp 16th 27% above peers
Bakersfield, CA 16.3% 14th -1.1pp 17th 5% above peers
Raleigh, NC 11.9% 4th -0.7pp 18th 23% below peers
Tulsa, OK 18.7% 16th -0.7pp 19th 21% above peers
Omaha, NE 13.5% 7th +0.1pp 20th 13% below peers
Aurora, CO 11.9% 5th +1.2pp 21st 23% below peers
Virginia Beach, VA 8.6% 1st +1.3pp 22nd 45% below peers
▸ Where is this changing? 100 census tracts
Each tract is colored and ranked by its change from 2019 to 2024, between the same two survey periods as the card above, as a share of its own starting level: green tracts improved, red tracts moved the wrong way. Tracts marked * moved less than their own survey margin, so their color is a direction, not a claim. Hover a tract for its numbers and history, or a table row to find that tract on the map; click either for its location or its data in the Explorer.
EconomyShare of people below the poverty level
Loading tract map…
33 of 100 tracts cover a shorter window (dashed outline; mostly 2020 boundary changes); 1 has too little data to show a change (gray). Each tract's change uses the same two survey periods as the card above and is judged against the tract's own published margins; tracts marked * moved less than their margin. How the tract view works →
▸ Break down by group Race · Age · Sex · ACS 2024
Loading breakdown…
How breakdowns work →
▸

Peers worth a call

3
Cities of similar size (250k-1m) that started in the strongest third, like this city, and whose improvement is sustained over several years, larger than the data's normal noise, and big enough to matter. Referral candidates to investigate, not proven interventions. How we pick these →
  • Colorado Springs, CO down 2.6pp between its surveys · a larger real gain than 96% of this group · 2019-2024
  • Irvine, CA down 2.5pp between its surveys · a larger real gain than 91% of this group · 2019-2024
  • Denver, CO down 1.6pp between its surveys · a larger real gain than 72% of this group · 2019-2024
Census ACS 5-year survey through 2024 ±0.7pp at 90% confidence (2024 estimate) survey trend: 2015-2019 vs 2020-2024 surveys about this metric
Economy

Share of children below the poverty level

▼ Lower is better Real improvement
Compared against How peers are chosen →
What changed

Child poverty fell 1.8 percentage points between the 2015-2019 and 2020-2024 surveys, from 17.8% to 16.0% - more than the combined survey margin (±1.8pp).

Broader trend
86% of similar-size cities show a real change in the same direction; 5% moved the other way. Raleigh started among the stronger third of similar-size cities and kept improving; worth investigating.
Longer view
Child poverty fell 6.6 percentage points from 2014 to 2024 (22.5% to 16.0%).
Bright spot 16.0%
20132024
Open in Explorer →
▸ Compare all 22 similar-size cities by change rank
Change is measured between each place's two non-overlapping survey periods against its published margins (90% confidence). significant improvement · significant worsening · not significant (within the margin). Change rank orders every measured change; read it with the dot beside it, ranks among hollow-dot rows are ordering values inside their margins. Today's rank orders current values in the metric's better direction.
Place Latest2020-2024 survey Today's rank Change2015-2019 → 2020-2024 Sig. Change rank History Latest vs. peers
North Carolina ref 17.7% -3.5pp
United States ref 16.1%
Mesa, AZ 13.4% 3rd -8.8pp 1st 33% below peers
Colorado Springs, CO 10.2% 1st -5.6pp 2nd 49% below peers
Oakland, CA 16.6% 5th -8.2pp 3rd 17% below peers
Atlanta, GA 23.3% 15th -10.2pp 4th 17% above peers
Minneapolis, MN 17.9% 8th -7.6pp 5th 10% below peers
Tampa, FL 19.2% 11th -7.3pp 6th 3% below peers
Long Beach, CA 18.6% 10th -5.7pp 7th 6% below peers
Fresno, CA 27.4% 20th -8.1pp 8th 38% above peers
Sacramento, CA 17.0% 6th -4.9pp 9th 14% below peers
Miami, FL 25.2% 17th -6.6pp 10th 27% above peers
Tucson, AZ 24.2% 16th -6.3pp 11th 22% above peers
Baltimore, MD 25.5% 18th -5.5pp 12th 28% above peers
Albuquerque, NM 19.9% 12th -4.1pp 13th on par with peers
Kansas City, MO 20.3% 13th -3.9pp 14th 2% above peers
Milwaukee, WI 31.7% 21st -5.0pp 15th 60% above peers
Memphis, TN 35.6% 22nd -5.1pp 16th 80% above peers
Raleigh, NC 16.0% 4th -1.8pp 17th 20% below peers
Omaha, NE 17.2% 7th -1.5pp 18th 14% below peers
Tulsa, OK 27.4% 19th -2.4pp 19th 38% above peers
Bakersfield, CA 22.0% 14th -1.2pp 20th 11% above peers
Virginia Beach, VA 11.4% 2nd +1.3pp 21st 42% below peers
Aurora, CO 18.1% 9th +3.1pp 22nd 9% below peers
▸ Where is this changing? 100 census tracts
Each tract is colored and ranked by its change from 2019 to 2024, between the same two survey periods as the card above, as a share of its own starting level: green tracts improved, red tracts moved the wrong way. Tracts marked * moved less than their own survey margin, so their color is a direction, not a claim. Hover a tract for its numbers and history, or a table row to find that tract on the map; click either for its location or its data in the Explorer.
EconomyShare of children below the poverty level
Loading tract map…
33 of 100 tracts cover a shorter window (dashed outline; mostly 2020 boundary changes); 2 have too little data to show a change (gray). Each tract's change uses the same two survey periods as the card above and is judged against the tract's own published margins; tracts marked * moved less than their margin. How the tract view works →
▸

Peers worth a call

3
Cities of similar size (250k-1m) that started in the strongest third, like this city, and whose improvement is sustained over several years, larger than the data's normal noise, and big enough to matter. Referral candidates to investigate, not proven interventions. How we pick these →
  • Colorado Springs, CO down 5.6pp between its surveys · a larger real gain than 98% of this group · 2019-2024
  • Anchorage municipality, AK down 2.3pp between its surveys · a larger real gain than 71% of this group · 2019-2024
  • Riverside, CA down 3.2pp between its surveys · a larger real gain than 70% of this group · 2019-2024
Census ACS 5-year survey through 2024 ±1.4pp at 90% confidence (2024 estimate) survey trend: 2015-2019 vs 2020-2024 surveys about this metric
★
Economy

Households with a broadband internet subscription

▲ Higher is better Real improvement ★ Strong performer
Compared against How peers are chosen →
What changed

Broadband rose 4.6 percentage points between the 2015-2019 and 2020-2024 surveys, from 90.1% to 94.7% - more than the combined survey margin (±0.8pp).

Broader trend
All similar-size cities show a real change in the same direction. Raleigh started among the stronger third of similar-size cities and kept improving; worth investigating.
Longer view
Broadband rose 8.4 percentage points from 2017 to 2024 (86.3% to 94.7%).
Bright spot 94.7%
20172024
Open in Explorer →
▸ Compare all 22 similar-size cities by change rank
Change is measured between each place's two non-overlapping survey periods against its published margins (90% confidence). significant improvement · significant worsening · not significant (within the margin). Change rank orders every measured change; read it with the dot beside it, ranks among hollow-dot rows are ordering values inside their margins. Today's rank orders current values in the metric's better direction.
Place Latest2020-2024 survey Today's rank Change2015-2019 → 2020-2024 Sig. Change rank History Latest vs. peers
North Carolina ref 90.2% +9.1pp
United States ref 91.1%
Miami, FL 83.7% 22nd +17.5pp 1st 9% below peers
Memphis, TN 87.6% 20th +17.9pp 2nd 4% below peers
Milwaukee, WI 88.4% 19th +13.2pp 3rd 4% below peers
Baltimore, MD 85.5% 21st +10.7pp 4th 7% below peers
Atlanta, GA 91.7% 10th +10.5pp 5th on par with peers
Albuquerque, NM 90.6% 14th +9.7pp 6th 1% below peers
Kansas City, MO 90.5% 16th +8.9pp 7th 1% below peers
Oakland, CA 91.7% 11th +8.7pp 8th on par with peers
Long Beach, CA 93.4% 8th +8.8pp 9th 2% above peers
Tulsa, OK 89.8% 17th +8.2pp 10th 2% below peers
Tampa, FL 93.6% 7th +8.3pp 11th 2% above peers
Fresno, CA 88.9% 18th +7.1pp 12th 3% below peers
Omaha, NE 91.6% 12th +7.1pp 13th on par with peers
Minneapolis, MN 90.9% 13th +7.0pp 14th 1% below peers
Tucson, AZ 90.5% 15th +6.7pp 15th 1% below peers
Sacramento, CA 93.7% 6th +6.8pp 16th 2% above peers
Bakersfield, CA 94.1% 4th +6.8pp 17th 3% above peers
Mesa, AZ 93.3% 9th +6.4pp 18th 2% above peers
Aurora, CO 93.7% 5th +6.1pp 19th 2% above peers
Raleigh, NC 94.7% 1st +4.6pp 20th 3% above peers
Virginia Beach, VA 94.5% 3rd +4.5pp 21st 3% above peers
Colorado Springs, CO 94.6% 2nd +4.0pp 22nd 3% above peers
▸ Where is this changing? 100 census tracts
Each tract is colored and ranked by its change from 2019 to 2024, between the same two survey periods as the card above, as a share of its own starting level: green tracts improved, red tracts moved the wrong way. Tracts marked * moved less than their own survey margin, so their color is a direction, not a claim. Hover a tract for its numbers and history, or a table row to find that tract on the map; click either for its location or its data in the Explorer.
EconomyHouseholds with a broadband internet subscription
Loading tract map…
33 of 100 tracts cover a shorter window (dashed outline; mostly 2020 boundary changes); 1 has too little data to show a change (gray). Each tract's change uses the same two survey periods as the card above and is judged against the tract's own published margins; tracts marked * moved less than their margin. How the tract view works →
▸

Peers worth a call

3
Cities of similar size (250k-1m) that started in the strongest third, like this city, and whose improvement is sustained over several years, larger than the data's normal noise, and big enough to matter. Referral candidates to investigate, not proven interventions. How we pick these →
  • Bakersfield, CA up 6.8pp between its surveys · a smaller real gain than 60% of this group · 2019-2024
  • Durham, NC up 6.7pp between its surveys · a smaller real gain than 61% of this group · 2019-2024
  • Riverside, CA up 6.5pp between its surveys · a smaller real gain than 65% of this group · 2019-2024
Census ACS 5-year survey through 2024 ±0.6pp at 90% confidence (2024 estimate) survey trend: 2015-2019 vs 2020-2024 surveys about this metric
Economy

Income inequality (Gini index)

▼ Lower is better Worsening
Compared against How peers are chosen →
What changed

Inequality rose about 4% between the 2015-2019 and 2020-2024 surveys, from 0.47 to 0.48 - more than the combined survey margin (±0.01). That is movement in the wrong direction.

Broader trend
14% of similar-size cities show a real change in the same direction; 19% moved the other way.
Longer view
Inequality rose about 4% from 2014 to 2024 (0.47 to 0.48).
Needs attention 0.48
20102024
Open in Explorer →
▸ Compare all 22 similar-size cities by change rank
Change is measured between each place's two non-overlapping survey periods against its published margins (90% confidence). significant improvement · significant worsening · not significant (within the margin). Change rank orders every measured change; read it with the dot beside it, ranks among hollow-dot rows are ordering values inside their margins. Today's rank orders current values in the metric's better direction.
Place Latest2020-2024 survey Today's rank Change2015-2019 → 2020-2024 Sig. Change rank History Latest vs. peers
North Carolina ref 0.48 +0.001
United States ref 0.48 +0.001
Atlanta, GA 0.56 22nd -0.024 1st 16% above peers
Mesa, AZ 0.43 2nd -0.017 2nd 11% below peers
Sacramento, CA 0.45 5th -0.016 3rd 7% below peers
Tulsa, OK 0.51 16th -0.012 4th 5% above peers
Colorado Springs, CO 0.43 3rd -0.009 5th 10% below peers
Albuquerque, NM 0.46 8th -0.009 6th 4% below peers
Miami, FL 0.56 21st -0.009 7th 16% above peers
Baltimore, MD 0.51 17th -0.006 8th 5% above peers
Long Beach, CA 0.46 9th -0.005 9th 4% below peers
Bakersfield, CA 0.45 6th -0.005 10th 7% below peers
Milwaukee, WI 0.47 10th -0.004 11th 2% below peers
Kansas City, MO 0.47 11th -0.003 12th 2% below peers
Minneapolis, MN 0.50 15th -0.003 13th 3% above peers
Fresno, CA 0.48 12th -0.000 14th on par with peers
Oakland, CA 0.51 18th -0.000 15th 6% above peers
Tucson, AZ 0.46 7th +0.001 16th 5% below peers
Tampa, FL 0.54 20th +0.001 17th 13% above peers
Memphis, TN 0.52 19th +0.002 18th 8% above peers
Omaha, NE 0.49 14th +0.015 19th 1% above peers
Raleigh, NC 0.48 13th +0.018 20th 1% above peers
Virginia Beach, VA 0.44 4th +0.019 21st 9% below peers
Aurora, CO 0.43 1st +0.020 22nd 11% below peers
Census ACS 5-year survey (table B19083) through 2024 ±0.01 at 90% confidence (2024 estimate) survey trend: 2015-2019 vs 2020-2024 surveys about this metric
★
Economy

Households receiving SNAP

▼ Lower is better Turning up (early signal) ★ Strong performer
Compared against How peers are chosen →
What changed

SNAP changed less than the survey can measure between the 2014-2018 and 2019-2023 surveys (8.5% then, 8.3% now; margin ±0.7pp). The newest releases lean upward: each of the last 3 annual updates moved the 5-year average the same way - an early signal, not a measured change.*

Broader trend
76% of similar-size cities show a real change in either direction.
Longer view
Snap fell 0.7 percentage points from 2013 to 2023 (9.0% to 8.3%).
Needs attention 8.3%
20102023
Open in Explorer →
▸ Compare all 22 similar-size cities by change rank
Change is measured between each place's two non-overlapping survey periods against its published margins (90% confidence). significant improvement · significant worsening · not significant (within the margin). Change rank orders every measured change; read it with the dot beside it, ranks among hollow-dot rows are ordering values inside their margins. Today's rank orders current values in the metric's better direction.
Place Latest2019-2023 survey Today's rank Change2014-2018 → 2019-2023 Sig. Change rank History Latest vs. peers
North Carolina ref 12.5% -0.6pp
United States ref 11.8% -0.5pp
Mesa, AZ 8.1% 2nd -1.9pp 1st 45% below peers
Tampa, FL 15.7% 14th -3.6pp 2nd 7% above peers
Miami, FL 25.4% 21st -5.6pp 3rd 74% above peers
Kansas City, MO 10.5% 6th -2.2pp 4th 28% below peers
Minneapolis, MN 12.4% 8th -2.3pp 5th 15% below peers
Colorado Springs, CO 9.4% 4th -1.4pp 6th 36% below peers
Omaha, NE 10.2% 5th -1.3pp 7th 30% below peers
Atlanta, GA 14.3% 11th -1.6pp 8th 2% below peers
Tucson, AZ 16.2% 15th -1.7pp 9th 11% above peers
Memphis, TN 20.4% 18th -2.1pp 10th 39% above peers
Baltimore, MD 23.6% 20th -0.9pp 11th 61% above peers
Raleigh, NC 8.3% 3rd -0.3pp 12th 44% below peers
Milwaukee, WI 27.5% 22nd -0.2pp 13th 88% above peers
Fresno, CA 23.0% 19th -0.0pp 14th 57% above peers
Virginia Beach, VA 6.5% 1st +0.1pp 15th 56% below peers
Tulsa, OK 15.6% 13th +0.5pp 16th 6% above peers
Bakersfield, CA 16.8% 16th +1.1pp 17th 14% above peers
Aurora, CO 10.8% 7th +1.0pp 18th 27% below peers
Albuquerque, NM 17.3% 17th +2.2pp 19th 18% above peers
Sacramento, CA 14.7% 12th +2.2pp 20th on par with peers
Long Beach, CA 13.8% 10th +2.7pp 21st 6% below peers
Oakland, CA 13.7% 9th +3.5pp 22nd 7% below peers
▸ Where is this changing? 100 census tracts
Each tract is colored and ranked by its change from 2018 to 2023, between the same two survey periods as the card above, as a share of its own starting level: green tracts improved, red tracts moved the wrong way. Tracts marked * moved less than their own survey margin, so their color is a direction, not a claim. Hover a tract for its numbers and history, or a table row to find that tract on the map; click either for its location or its data in the Explorer.
EconomyHouseholds receiving SNAP
Loading tract map…
33 of 100 tracts cover a shorter window (dashed outline; mostly 2020 boundary changes); 1 has too little data to show a change (gray). Each tract's change uses the same two survey periods as the card above and is judged against the tract's own published margins; tracts marked * moved less than their margin. How the tract view works →
▸

Peers worth a call

3
Cities of similar size (250k-1m) that started in the strongest third, like this city, and whose improvement is sustained over several years, larger than the data's normal noise, and big enough to matter. Referral candidates to investigate, not proven interventions. How we pick these →
  • Irving, TX down 2.8pp between its surveys · a larger real gain than 100% of this group · 2018-2023
  • Mesa, AZ down 1.9pp between its surveys · a larger real gain than 92% of this group · 2018-2023
  • Lexington, KY down 1.9pp between its surveys · a larger real gain than 90% of this group · 2018-2023
Census ACS 5-year survey through 2023 ±0.6pp at 90% confidence (2023 estimate) survey trend: 2014-2018 vs 2019-2023 surveys *Early signal: consecutive releases agree on direction only; the size of the newest movement is not measurable from overlapping surveys. about this metric
See all Economy data →
Housing 6 indicators
Housing

Typical home value

No better direction Falling recently, faster than peers
Compared against How peers are chosen →
What changed

Home value fell about 2% over the 12 months ending August 2026, faster than 76% of similar-size cities.

Broader trend
Multi-year view: home value fell about 1% a year from 2021 to 2026, faster than 71% of similar-size cities.
Longer view
Home value rose about 9% a year from 2016 to 2026.
Latest
Most recent monthly reading: $428,671 in August 2026, down from $436,286 a year earlier.
$428,671
2000August 2026
Open in Explorer →
▸ Compare all 22 similar-size cities by change rank
Place Latest Today's rank Changelast 12 months Change rank History Latest vs. peers
North Carolina ref $334,773 (Aug 26) -0.0%
United States ref $368,697 (Aug 26) +1.2%
Virginia Beach, VA $427,730 (Aug 26) 9th +3.3% 1st 10% above peers
Milwaukee, WI $227,629 (Aug 26) 19th +3.2% 2nd 41% below peers
Tulsa, OK $220,221 (Aug 26) 20th +3.1% 3rd 43% below peers
Long Beach, CA $850,917 (Aug 26) 1st +2.5% 4th 119% above peers
Omaha, NE $296,615 (Aug 26) 17th +1.9% 5th 24% below peers
Kansas City, MO $253,549 (Aug 26) 18th +1.7% 6th 35% below peers
Albuquerque, NM $345,503 (Aug 26) 14th +1.6% 7th 11% below peers
Miami, FL $580,866 (Aug 26) 3rd +0.8% 8th 50% above peers
Fresno, CA $388,924 (Aug 26) 10th +0.6% 9th on par with peers
Minneapolis, MN $328,529 (Aug 26) 15th +0.6% 10th 15% below peers
Bakersfield, CA $388,250 (Aug 26) 11th -0.0% 11th on par with peers
Tampa, FL $377,566 (Aug 26) 13th -0.3% 12th 3% below peers
Oakland, CA $708,610 (Aug 26) 2nd -0.9% 13th 83% above peers
Sacramento, CA $473,797 (Aug 26) 4th -0.9% 14th 22% above peers
Mesa, AZ $429,657 (Aug 26) 7th -0.9% 15th 11% above peers
Colorado Springs, CO $441,553 (Aug 26) 6th -1.5% 16th 14% above peers
Raleigh, NC $428,671 (Aug 26) 8th -1.7% 17th 10% above peers
Tucson, AZ $321,918 (Aug 26) 16th -2.0% 18th 17% below peers
Atlanta, GA $381,948 (Aug 26) 12th -2.0% 19th 2% below peers
Memphis, TN $145,335 (Aug 26) 22nd -2.8% 20th 63% below peers
Aurora, CO $452,698 (Aug 26) 5th -2.8% 21st 17% above peers
Baltimore, MD $186,741 (Aug 26) 21st -3.4% 22nd 52% below peers
Zillow Home Value Index through 2026-08 modeled trend: robust fit about this metric
Housing

Starter home value (bottom tier)

No better direction Falling recently, faster than peers
Compared against How peers are chosen →
What changed

Starter homes fell about 3% over the 12 months ending August 2026, faster than 81% of similar-size cities.

Broader trend
Multi-year view: starter homes is about 16% higher than in 2021 ($254,022 then, $294,789 now), but the direction has turned: after peaking near $318,636 in 2022 it has fallen mostly since.
Longer view
Starter homes rose about 11% a year from 2016 to 2026.
Latest
Most recent monthly reading: $294,789 in August 2026, down from $304,518 a year earlier.
$294,789
2000August 2026
Open in Explorer →
▸ Compare all 22 similar-size cities by change rank
Place Latest Today's rank Changelast 12 months Change rank History Latest vs. peers
North Carolina ref $194,567 (Aug 26) +1.6%
United States ref $200,550 (Aug 26) +2.2%
Milwaukee, WI $141,250 (Aug 26) 18th +4.4% 1st 50% below peers
Virginia Beach, VA $306,966 (Aug 26) 8th +4.0% 2nd 8% above peers
Tulsa, OK $130,721 (Aug 26) 20th +3.0% 3rd 54% below peers
Albuquerque, NM $271,532 (Aug 26) 12th +2.0% 4th 4% below peers
Omaha, NE $202,029 (Aug 26) 17th +1.7% 5th 29% below peers
Kansas City, MO $137,976 (Aug 26) 19th +1.4% 6th 51% below peers
Fresno, CA $283,671 (Aug 26) 11th +0.8% 7th on par with peers
Long Beach, CA $579,985 (Aug 26) 1st +0.7% 8th 104% above peers
Minneapolis, MN $215,674 (Aug 26) 15th +0.6% 9th 24% below peers
Tampa, FL $242,802 (Aug 26) 14th +0.0% 10th 14% below peers
Sacramento, CA $372,061 (Aug 26) 3rd -0.1% 11th 31% above peers
Bakersfield, CA $290,276 (Aug 26) 10th -0.2% 12th 2% above peers
Miami, FL $351,367 (Aug 26) 4th -1.5% 13th 24% above peers
Mesa, AZ $324,316 (Aug 26) 7th -1.6% 14th 14% above peers
Colorado Springs, CO $332,027 (Aug 26) 5th -1.7% 15th 17% above peers
Oakland, CA $470,071 (Aug 26) 2nd -2.8% 16th 66% above peers
Tucson, AZ $243,236 (Aug 26) 13th -2.9% 17th 14% below peers
Raleigh, NC $294,789 (Aug 26) 9th -3.2% 18th 4% above peers
Memphis, TN $79,282 (Aug 26) 22nd -3.3% 19th 72% below peers
Baltimore, MD $98,808 (Aug 26) 21st -4.1% 20th 65% below peers
Aurora, CO $325,627 (Aug 26) 6th -4.3% 21st 15% above peers
Atlanta, GA $215,285 (Aug 26) 16th -4.6% 22nd 24% below peers
Zillow Home Value Index through 2026-08 modeled trend: robust fit about this metric
Housing

Homeownership rate

▲ Higher is better No measurable change
Compared against How peers are chosen →
What changed

Homeownership changed less than the survey can measure between the 2015-2019 and 2020-2024 surveys (51.5% then, 50.7% now; margin ±1.3pp).

Broader trend
86% of similar-size cities show a real change in either direction.
Longer view
Homeownership fell 2.5 percentage points from 2014 to 2024 (53.2% to 50.8%).
50.7%
20112024
Open in Explorer →
▸ Compare all 22 similar-size cities by change rank
Change is measured between each place's two non-overlapping survey periods against its published margins (90% confidence). significant improvement · significant worsening · not significant (within the margin). Change rank orders every measured change; read it with the dot beside it, ranks among hollow-dot rows are ordering values inside their margins. Today's rank orders current values in the metric's better direction.
Place Latest2020-2024 survey Today's rank Change2015-2019 → 2020-2024 Sig. Change rank History Latest vs. peers
North Carolina ref 66.6% +1.4pp
United States ref 65.2%
Fresno, CA 50.1% 14th +3.4pp 1st 3% below peers
Atlanta, GA 46.4% 17th +2.9pp 2nd 10% below peers
Sacramento, CA 51.7% 11th +3.2pp 3rd on par with peers
Mesa, AZ 64.4% 2nd +3.3pp 4th 25% above peers
Aurora, CO 62.4% 3rd +2.5pp 5th 21% above peers
Miami, FL 30.8% 22nd +1.2pp 6th 40% below peers
Kansas City, MO 55.4% 8th +2.1pp 7th 7% above peers
Oakland, CA 42.3% 19th +1.6pp 8th 18% below peers
Tampa, FL 50.3% 13th +1.8pp 9th 3% below peers
Albuquerque, NM 61.8% 4th +2.1pp 10th 20% above peers
Long Beach, CA 41.2% 21st +1.3pp 11th 20% below peers
Colorado Springs, CO 60.9% 5th +1.8pp 12th 18% above peers
Bakersfield, CA 60.6% 6th +1.5pp 13th 17% above peers
Tucson, AZ 51.9% 10th +1.2pp 14th on par with peers
Tulsa, OK 51.9% 9th +1.2pp 15th on par with peers
Virginia Beach, VA 65.2% 1st +1.4pp 16th 26% above peers
Minneapolis, MN 47.7% 15th +0.5pp 17th 8% below peers
Milwaukee, WI 41.8% 20th +0.4pp 18th 19% below peers
Baltimore, MD 47.5% 16th +0.0pp 19th 8% below peers
Raleigh, NC 50.8% 12th -0.8pp 20th 2% below peers
Omaha, NE 57.4% 7th -1.3pp 21st 11% above peers
Memphis, TN 44.9% 18th -1.7pp 22nd 13% below peers
▸ Where is this changing? 100 census tracts
Each tract is colored and ranked by its change from 2019 to 2024, between the same two survey periods as the card above, as a share of its own starting level: green tracts improved, red tracts moved the wrong way. Tracts marked * moved less than their own survey margin, so their color is a direction, not a claim. Hover a tract for its numbers and history, or a table row to find that tract on the map; click either for its location or its data in the Explorer.
HousingHomeownership rate
Loading tract map…
33 of 100 tracts cover a shorter window (dashed outline; mostly 2020 boundary changes); 1 has too little data to show a change (gray). Each tract's change uses the same two survey periods as the card above and is judged against the tract's own published margins; tracts marked * moved less than their margin. How the tract view works →
▸ Break down by group Race · ACS 2024
Loading breakdown…
How breakdowns work →
Census ACS 5-year survey through 2024 ±1.1pp at 90% confidence (2024 estimate) survey trend: 2015-2019 vs 2020-2024 surveys about this metric
Housing

Typical asking rent

No better direction Rising, slower than peers
Compared against How peers are chosen →
What changed

Rent was essentially flat over the 12 months ending August 2026.

Broader trend
Multi-year view: rent rose less than 1% a year from 2021 to 2026, slower than 95% of similar-size cities.
Longer view
Rent rose about 5% a year from 2016 to 2026.
Latest
Most recent monthly reading: $1,577 in August 2026, up from $1,570 a year earlier.
$1,577
2015August 2026
Open in Explorer →
▸ Compare all 22 similar-size cities by change rank
Place Latest Today's rank Changelast 12 months Change rank History Latest vs. peers
United States ref $1,948 (Aug 26) +2.5%
Oakland, CA $2,735 (Aug 26) 2nd +10.1% 1st 56% above peers
Virginia Beach, VA $2,086 (Aug 26) 4th +6.7% 2nd 19% above peers
Milwaukee, WI $1,477 (Aug 26) 16th +5.0% 3rd 16% below peers
Kansas City, MO $1,428 (Aug 26) 18th +4.3% 4th 19% below peers
Baltimore, MD $1,802 (Aug 26) 10th +3.7% 5th 2% above peers
Tulsa, OK $1,287 (Aug 26) 21st +3.5% 6th 27% below peers
Minneapolis, MN $1,682 (Aug 26) 13th +3.5% 7th 4% below peers
Fresno, CA $1,940 (Aug 26) 8th +3.4% 8th 10% above peers
Atlanta, GA $1,944 (Aug 26) 7th +3.4% 9th 11% above peers
Bakersfield, CA $1,858 (Aug 26) 9th +2.4% 10th 6% above peers
Omaha, NE $1,414 (Aug 26) 20th +2.2% 11th 20% below peers
Colorado Springs, CO $1,740 (Aug 26) 12th +2.1% 12th 1% below peers
Long Beach, CA $2,422 (Aug 26) 3rd +2.0% 13th 38% above peers
Tucson, AZ $1,425 (Aug 26) 19th +1.4% 14th 19% below peers
Memphis, TN $1,232 (Aug 26) 22nd +1.3% 15th 30% below peers
Sacramento, CA $2,056 (Aug 26) 5th +1.2% 16th 17% above peers
Albuquerque, NM $1,455 (Aug 26) 17th +1.1% 17th 17% below peers
Miami, FL $3,008 (Aug 26) 1st +0.8% 18th 71% above peers
Raleigh, NC $1,577 (Aug 26) 14th +0.5% 19th 10% below peers
Mesa, AZ $1,538 (Aug 26) 15th +0.2% 20th 13% below peers
Tampa, FL $1,957 (Aug 26) 6th -0.8% 21st 11% above peers
Aurora, CO $1,758 (Aug 26) 11th -1.8% 22nd on par with peers
Zillow Observed Rent Index through 2026-08 modeled trend: robust fit about this metric
Housing

Housing cost-burdened households

▼ Lower is better Worsening
Compared against How peers are chosen →
What changed

Cost burden rose 4.7 percentage points between the 2015-2019 and 2020-2024 surveys, from 30.9% to 35.6% - more than the combined survey margin (±1.6pp). That reverses the previous span, which went down between the 2010-2014 and 2015-2019 surveys. That is movement in the wrong direction.

Broader trend
19% of similar-size cities show a real change in the same direction; 5% moved the other way.
Longer view
Cost burden fell 0.8 percentage points from 2014 to 2024 (36.4% to 35.6%).
Needs attention 35.6%
20102024
Open in Explorer →
▸ Compare all 22 similar-size cities by change rank
Change is measured between each place's two non-overlapping survey periods against its published margins (90% confidence). significant improvement · significant worsening · not significant (within the margin). Change rank orders every measured change; read it with the dot beside it, ranks among hollow-dot rows are ordering values inside their margins. Today's rank orders current values in the metric's better direction.
Place Latest2020-2024 survey Today's rank Change2015-2019 → 2020-2024 Sig. Change rank History Latest vs. peers
North Carolina ref 28.8% -0.2pp
United States ref 32.2% +0.4pp
Milwaukee, WI 40.3% 14th -1.5pp 1st 2% above peers
Miami, FL 54.7% 22nd -1.6pp 2nd 38% above peers
Fresno, CA 42.5% 19th -0.8pp 3rd 7% above peers
Long Beach, CA 45.7% 21st -0.8pp 4th 15% above peers
Albuquerque, NM 33.5% 4th -0.6pp 5th 16% below peers
Oakland, CA 43.1% 20th -0.6pp 6th 9% above peers
Minneapolis, MN 35.1% 6th +0.4pp 7th 12% below peers
Mesa, AZ 33.2% 2nd +0.4pp 8th 16% below peers
Tulsa, OK 33.2% 3rd +0.5pp 9th 16% below peers
Virginia Beach, VA 35.2% 7th +0.6pp 10th 11% below peers
Tucson, AZ 38.7% 11th +0.6pp 11th 2% below peers
Atlanta, GA 38.5% 10th +0.8pp 12th 3% below peers
Bakersfield, CA 39.7% 12th +1.0pp 13th on par with peers
Memphis, TN 41.8% 18th +1.4pp 14th 5% above peers
Sacramento, CA 41.4% 16th +1.4pp 15th 4% above peers
Tampa, FL 40.9% 15th +1.7pp 16th 3% above peers
Aurora, CO 39.7% 13th +1.7pp 17th on par with peers
Colorado Springs, CO 35.8% 9th +1.6pp 18th 10% below peers
Baltimore, MD 41.7% 17th +2.2pp 19th 5% above peers
Omaha, NE 32.8% 1st +1.9pp 20th 17% below peers
Kansas City, MO 33.9% 5th +2.1pp 21st 14% below peers
Raleigh, NC 35.6% 8th +4.7pp 22nd 10% below peers
▸ Where is this changing? 100 census tracts
Each tract is colored and ranked by its change from 2019 to 2024, between the same two survey periods as the card above, as a share of its own starting level: green tracts improved, red tracts moved the wrong way. Tracts marked * moved less than their own survey margin, so their color is a direction, not a claim. Hover a tract for its numbers and history, or a table row to find that tract on the map; click either for its location or its data in the Explorer.
HousingHousing cost-burdened households
Loading tract map…
33 of 100 tracts cover a shorter window (dashed outline; mostly 2020 boundary changes); 1 has too little data to show a change (gray). Each tract's change uses the same two survey periods as the card above and is judged against the tract's own published margins; tracts marked * moved less than their margin. How the tract view works →
Census ACS 5-year survey (tables B25070 + B25091) through 2024 ±1.2pp at 90% confidence (2024 estimate) survey trend: 2015-2019 vs 2020-2024 surveys about this metric
Housing

Households without a vehicle

▼ Lower is better No measurable change
Compared against How peers are chosen →
What changed

No vehicle changed less than the survey can measure between the 2015-2019 and 2020-2024 surveys (5.7% then, 6.0% now; margin ±0.7pp).

Broader trend
57% of similar-size cities show a real change in either direction.
Longer view
No vehicle fell 0.3 percentage points from 2014 to 2024 (6.3% to 6.0%).
Bright spot 6.0%
20102024
Open in Explorer →
▸ Compare all 22 similar-size cities by change rank
Change is measured between each place's two non-overlapping survey periods against its published margins (90% confidence). significant improvement · significant worsening · not significant (within the margin). Change rank orders every measured change; read it with the dot beside it, ranks among hollow-dot rows are ordering values inside their margins. Today's rank orders current values in the metric's better direction.
Place Latest2020-2024 survey Today's rank Change2015-2019 → 2020-2024 Sig. Change rank History Latest vs. peers
North Carolina ref 5.3% -0.5pp
United States ref 8.3% -0.3pp
Fresno, CA 8.2% 9th -2.3pp 1st 4% below peers
Mesa, AZ 5.2% 3rd -1.2pp 2nd 39% below peers
Colorado Springs, CO 4.4% 1st -0.8pp 3rd 48% below peers
Tampa, FL 8.5% 12th -1.4pp 4th on par with peers
Kansas City, MO 9.0% 14th -1.3pp 5th 6% above peers
Tucson, AZ 10.1% 15th -1.5pp 6th 19% above peers
Memphis, TN 10.3% 16th -1.3pp 7th 21% above peers
Atlanta, GA 14.2% 17th -1.6pp 8th 66% above peers
Baltimore, MD 26.7% 22nd -2.2pp 9th 213% above peers
Long Beach, CA 8.9% 13th -0.7pp 10th 5% above peers
Minneapolis, MN 15.6% 18th -1.2pp 11th 83% above peers
Milwaukee, WI 16.2% 20th -1.2pp 12th 90% above peers
Miami, FL 17.9% 21st -0.9pp 13th 109% above peers
Omaha, NE 7.5% 8th -0.4pp 14th 12% below peers
Tulsa, OK 8.3% 10th -0.3pp 15th 2% below peers
Albuquerque, NM 7.0% 6th -0.2pp 16th 18% below peers
Sacramento, CA 8.4% 11th -0.2pp 17th 1% below peers
Oakland, CA 16.2% 19th +0.1pp 18th 89% above peers
Raleigh, NC 6.0% 4th +0.3pp 19th 29% below peers
Aurora, CO 6.6% 5th +0.5pp 20th 23% below peers
Virginia Beach, VA 4.6% 2nd +0.4pp 21st 46% below peers
Bakersfield, CA 7.4% 7th +1.3pp 22nd 13% below peers
▸ Where is this changing? 100 census tracts
Each tract is colored and ranked by its change from 2019 to 2024, between the same two survey periods as the card above, as a share of its own starting level: green tracts improved, red tracts moved the wrong way. Tracts marked * moved less than their own survey margin, so their color is a direction, not a claim. Hover a tract for its numbers and history, or a table row to find that tract on the map; click either for its location or its data in the Explorer.
HousingHouseholds without a vehicle
Loading tract map…
33 of 100 tracts cover a shorter window (dashed outline; mostly 2020 boundary changes); 1 has too little data to show a change (gray). Each tract's change uses the same two survey periods as the card above and is judged against the tract's own published margins; tracts marked * moved less than their margin. How the tract view works →
▸

Peers worth a call

3
Cities of similar size (250k-1m) that started in the strongest third, like this city, and whose improvement is sustained over several years, larger than the data's normal noise, and big enough to matter. Referral candidates to investigate, not proven interventions. How we pick these →
  • Riverside, CA down 1.2pp between its surveys · a larger real gain than 98% of this group · 2019-2024
  • Mesa, AZ down 1.2pp between its surveys · a larger real gain than 95% of this group · 2019-2024
  • Colorado Springs, CO down 0.8pp between its surveys · a larger real gain than 90% of this group · 2019-2024
Census ACS 5-year survey (table B08201) through 2024 ±0.5pp at 90% confidence (2024 estimate) survey trend: 2015-2019 vs 2020-2024 surveys about this metric
See all Housing data →
Health 3 indicators
Health

People without health insurance

▼ Lower is better Real improvement
Compared against How peers are chosen →
What changed

Uninsured fell 0.9 percentage points between the 2015-2019 and 2020-2024 surveys, from 10.2% to 9.3% - more than the combined survey margin (±0.7pp).

Broader trend
62% of similar-size cities show a real change in the same direction; 14% moved the other way. Raleigh started mid-pack and has reached a genuinely better level; worth investigating.
Longer view
Uninsured fell 5.7 percentage points from 2014 to 2024 (15.0% to 9.3%).
Bright spot 9.3%
20132024
Open in Explorer →
▸ Compare all 22 similar-size cities by change rank
Change is measured between each place's two non-overlapping survey periods against its published margins (90% confidence). significant improvement · significant worsening · not significant (within the margin). Change rank orders every measured change; read it with the dot beside it, ranks among hollow-dot rows are ordering values inside their margins. Today's rank orders current values in the metric's better direction.
Place Latest2020-2024 survey Today's rank Change2015-2019 → 2020-2024 Sig. Change rank History Latest vs. peers
North Carolina ref 9.8% -0.9pp
United States ref 8.4% -0.4pp
Oakland, CA 5.6% 2nd -2.3pp 1st 39% below peers
Fresno, CA 6.1% 5th -2.1pp 2nd 34% below peers
Miami, FL 16.3% 22nd -3.4pp 3rd 77% above peers
Virginia Beach, VA 6.3% 6th -1.3pp 4th 32% below peers
Minneapolis, MN 5.7% 3rd -0.9pp 5th 39% below peers
Mesa, AZ 10.6% 16th -1.7pp 6th 15% above peers
Baltimore, MD 5.9% 4th -0.6pp 7th 36% below peers
Omaha, NE 9.2% 12th -1.0pp 8th on par with peers
Raleigh, NC 9.3% 13th -0.9pp 9th 1% above peers
Tampa, FL 10.6% 17th -1.0pp 10th 15% above peers
Sacramento, CA 5.4% 1st -0.5pp 11th 42% below peers
Tucson, AZ 10.6% 15th -0.9pp 12th 14% above peers
Kansas City, MO 11.0% 18th -0.8pp 13th 19% above peers
Tulsa, OK 16.1% 21st -0.5pp 14th 74% above peers
Milwaukee, WI 9.1% 11th -0.2pp 15th 2% below peers
Atlanta, GA 10.1% 14th -0.2pp 16th 9% above peers
Long Beach, CA 8.4% 9th -0.1pp 17th 9% below peers
Colorado Springs, CO 7.7% 8th -0.1pp 18th 17% below peers
Bakersfield, CA 7.4% 7th -0.0pp 19th 20% below peers
Memphis, TN 14.7% 20th +1.0pp 20th 59% above peers
Albuquerque, NM 8.6% 10th +0.7pp 21st 7% below peers
Aurora, CO 13.7% 19th +2.4pp 22nd 48% above peers
▸ Where is this changing? 100 census tracts
Each tract is colored and ranked by its change from 2019 to 2024, between the same two survey periods as the card above, as a share of its own starting level: green tracts improved, red tracts moved the wrong way. Tracts marked * moved less than their own survey margin, so their color is a direction, not a claim. Hover a tract for its numbers and history, or a table row to find that tract on the map; click either for its location or its data in the Explorer.
HealthPeople without health insurance
Loading tract map…
33 of 100 tracts cover a shorter window (dashed outline; mostly 2020 boundary changes); 1 has too little data to show a change (gray). Each tract's change uses the same two survey periods as the card above and is judged against the tract's own published margins; tracts marked * moved less than their margin. How the tract view works →
▸ Break down by group Race · Age · Sex · ACS 2024
Loading breakdown…
How breakdowns work →
▸

Peers worth a call

3
Cities of similar size (250k-1m) that started mid-pack, like this city, and whose improvement is sustained over several years, larger than the data's normal noise, and big enough to matter. Referral candidates to investigate, not proven interventions. How we pick these →
  • Oakland, CA down 2.3pp between its surveys · a larger real gain than 100% of this group · 2019-2024
  • Fresno, CA down 2.1pp between its surveys · a larger real gain than 99% of this group · 2019-2024
  • Jersey City, NJ down 2.9pp between its surveys · a larger real gain than 98% of this group · 2019-2024
Census ACS 5-year survey through 2024 ±0.5pp at 90% confidence (2024 estimate) survey trend: 2015-2019 vs 2020-2024 surveys about this metric
★
Health

Adult obesity

▼ Lower is better Level only ★ Strong performer
Compared against How peers are chosen →
What changed

Adult obesity is somewhat below the peer median.

28.2%
20202022
Open in Explorer →
▸ Compare all 22 similar-size cities best first
Place Latest Today's rank History Latest vs. peers
North Carolina ref 33.6%
United States ref 33.4%
Oakland, CA 23.7% 1st 30% below peers
Long Beach, CA 27.6% 2nd 19% below peers
Raleigh, NC 28.2% 3rd 17% below peers
Colorado Springs, CO 28.3% 4th 17% below peers
Aurora, CO 28.3% 5th 17% below peers
Albuquerque, NM 28.4% 6th 16% below peers
Minneapolis, MN 29.6% 7th 13% below peers
Miami, FL 30.3% 8th 11% below peers
Tampa, FL 32.3% 9th 5% below peers
Atlanta, GA 32.5% 10th 4% below peers
Virginia Beach, VA 33.8% 11th on par with peers
Mesa, AZ 33.9% 12th on par with peers
Sacramento, CA 34.7% 13th 2% above peers
Bakersfield, CA 34.7% 14th 2% above peers
Tucson, AZ 34.8% 15th 3% above peers
Omaha, NE 36.3% 16th 7% above peers
Baltimore, MD 37.9% 17th 12% above peers
Fresno, CA 38.7% 18th 14% above peers
Tulsa, OK 39.4% 19th 16% above peers
Kansas City, MO 40.0% 20th 18% above peers
Milwaukee, WI 43.4% 21st 28% above peers
Memphis, TN 45.1% 22nd 33% above peers
CDC PLACES through 2022 modeled tract map about this metric
Health

Children without health insurance

▼ Lower is better No measurable change
Compared against How peers are chosen →
What changed

Child uninsured changed less than the survey can measure between the 2015-2019 and 2020-2024 surveys (5.4% then, 5.4% now; margin ±1.2pp).

Broader trend
38% of similar-size cities show a real change in either direction.
Longer view
Child uninsured fell 2.8 percentage points from 2014 to 2024 (8.2% to 5.4%).
5.4%
20122024
Open in Explorer →
▸ Compare all 22 similar-size cities by change rank
Change is measured between each place's two non-overlapping survey periods against its published margins (90% confidence). significant improvement · significant worsening · not significant (within the margin). Change rank orders every measured change; read it with the dot beside it, ranks among hollow-dot rows are ordering values inside their margins. Today's rank orders current values in the metric's better direction.
Place Latest2020-2024 survey Today's rank Change2015-2019 → 2020-2024 Sig. Change rank History Latest vs. peers
North Carolina ref 5.5% +0.5pp
United States ref 5.5% +0.4pp
Mesa, AZ 8.3% 19th -1.7pp 1st 42% above peers
Oakland, CA 3.5% 5th -0.7pp 2nd 40% below peers
Miami, FL 7.3% 16th -1.3pp 3rd 26% above peers
Minneapolis, MN 3.0% 2nd -0.5pp 4th 49% below peers
Fresno, CA 2.5% 1st -0.2pp 5th 57% below peers
Tucson, AZ 7.8% 17th -0.2pp 6th 35% above peers
Raleigh, NC 5.4% 11th -0.1pp 7th 7% below peers
Milwaukee, WI 3.3% 4th +0.0pp 8th 43% below peers
Long Beach, CA 3.7% 6th +0.1pp 9th 37% below peers
Tulsa, OK 8.4% 20th +0.2pp 10th 45% above peers
Virginia Beach, VA 4.0% 8th +0.2pp 11th 30% below peers
Omaha, NE 6.4% 15th +0.6pp 12th 11% above peers
Baltimore, MD 4.6% 9th +0.6pp 13th 21% below peers
Tampa, FL 6.2% 14th +0.8pp 14th 7% above peers
Atlanta, GA 5.8% 12th +0.9pp 15th on par with peers
Kansas City, MO 8.1% 18th +1.5pp 16th 40% above peers
Aurora, CO 8.9% 22nd +1.8pp 17th 54% above peers
Colorado Springs, CO 5.3% 10th +1.1pp 18th 8% below peers
Bakersfield, CA 3.8% 7th +1.0pp 19th 34% below peers
Memphis, TN 8.7% 21st +2.4pp 20th 50% above peers
Sacramento, CA 3.1% 3rd +0.9pp 21st 47% below peers
Albuquerque, NM 5.9% 13th +2.5pp 22nd 1% above peers
▸ Where is this changing? 100 census tracts
Each tract is colored and ranked by its change from 2019 to 2024, between the same two survey periods as the card above, as a share of its own starting level: green tracts improved, red tracts moved the wrong way. Tracts marked * moved less than their own survey margin, so their color is a direction, not a claim. Hover a tract for its numbers and history, or a table row to find that tract on the map; click either for its location or its data in the Explorer.
HealthChildren without health insurance
Loading tract map…
33 of 100 tracts cover a shorter window (dashed outline; mostly 2020 boundary changes); 1 has too little data to show a change (gray). Each tract's change uses the same two survey periods as the card above and is judged against the tract's own published margins; tracts marked * moved less than their margin. How the tract view works →
▸

Peers worth a call

3
Cities of similar size (250k-1m) that started mid-pack, like this city, and whose improvement is sustained over several years, larger than the data's normal noise, and big enough to matter. Referral candidates to investigate, not proven interventions. How we pick these →
  • Lexington, KY down 1.3pp between its surveys · a larger real gain than 98% of this group · 2019-2024
  • Jersey City, NJ down 1.6pp between its surveys · a larger real gain than 96% of this group · 2019-2024
  • Lincoln, NE down 1.4pp between its surveys · a larger real gain than 95% of this group · 2019-2024
Census ACS 5-year survey (table B27001) through 2024 ±1.0pp at 90% confidence (2024 estimate) survey trend: 2015-2019 vs 2020-2024 surveys about this metric
See all Health data →
Education 3 indicators
★
Education

Adults with a bachelor's degree or higher

▲ Higher is better Real improvement ★ Strong performer
Compared against How peers are chosen →
What changed

College attainment rose 3.1 percentage points between the 2015-2019 and 2020-2024 surveys, from 50.9% to 54.0% - more than the combined survey margin (±1.4pp).

Broader trend
All similar-size cities show a real change in the same direction. Raleigh started among the stronger third of similar-size cities and kept improving; worth investigating.
Longer view
College attainment rose 6.3 percentage points from 2014 to 2024 (47.6% to 54.0%).
Bright spot 54.0%
20102024
Open in Explorer →
▸ Compare all 22 similar-size cities by change rank
Change is measured between each place's two non-overlapping survey periods against its published margins (90% confidence). significant improvement · significant worsening · not significant (within the margin). Change rank orders every measured change; read it with the dot beside it, ranks among hollow-dot rows are ordering values inside their margins. Today's rank orders current values in the metric's better direction.
Place Latest2020-2024 survey Today's rank Change2015-2019 → 2020-2024 Sig. Change rank History Latest vs. peers
North Carolina ref 35.6% +4.4pp
United States ref 35.7% +3.5pp
Miami, FL 37.4% 11th +7.8pp 1st on par with peers
Mesa, AZ 32.5% 17th +5.1pp 2nd 13% below peers
Tampa, FL 45.7% 5th +7.1pp 3rd 22% above peers
Fresno, CA 25.5% 21st +3.6pp 4th 32% below peers
Atlanta, GA 59.2% 1st +7.4pp 5th 58% above peers
Long Beach, CA 35.6% 14th +4.5pp 6th 5% below peers
Virginia Beach, VA 40.9% 7th +4.9pp 7th 9% above peers
Tucson, AZ 31.1% 18th +3.7pp 8th 17% below peers
Baltimore, MD 36.1% 13th +4.2pp 9th 3% below peers
Aurora, CO 33.6% 15th +3.9pp 10th 10% below peers
Sacramento, CA 37.1% 12th +4.0pp 11th 1% below peers
Milwaukee, WI 27.4% 20th +2.8pp 12th 27% below peers
Albuquerque, NM 39.2% 9th +4.0pp 13th 5% above peers
Oakland, CA 48.8% 4th +4.7pp 14th 30% above peers
Minneapolis, MN 55.5% 2nd +5.1pp 15th 48% above peers
Kansas City, MO 38.4% 10th +3.1pp 16th 3% above peers
Bakersfield, CA 23.6% 22nd +1.7pp 17th 37% below peers
Colorado Springs, CO 42.7% 6th +2.9pp 18th 14% above peers
Memphis, TN 28.0% 19th +1.9pp 19th 25% below peers
Tulsa, OK 33.6% 16th +2.1pp 20th 10% below peers
Omaha, NE 40.1% 8th +2.4pp 21st 7% above peers
Raleigh, NC 54.0% 3rd +3.1pp 22nd 44% above peers
▸ Where is this changing? 100 census tracts
Each tract is colored and ranked by its change from 2019 to 2024, between the same two survey periods as the card above, as a share of its own starting level: green tracts improved, red tracts moved the wrong way. Tracts marked * moved less than their own survey margin, so their color is a direction, not a claim. Hover a tract for its numbers and history, or a table row to find that tract on the map; click either for its location or its data in the Explorer.
EducationAdults with a bachelor's degree or higher
Loading tract map…
33 of 100 tracts cover a shorter window (dashed outline; mostly 2020 boundary changes); 1 has too little data to show a change (gray). Each tract's change uses the same two survey periods as the card above and is judged against the tract's own published margins; tracts marked * moved less than their margin. How the tract view works →
▸ Break down by group Sex · ACS 2024
Loading breakdown…
How breakdowns work →
▸

Peers worth a call

3
Cities of similar size (250k-1m) that started in the strongest third, like this city, and whose improvement is sustained over several years, larger than the data's normal noise, and big enough to matter. Referral candidates to investigate, not proven interventions. How we pick these →
Census ACS 5-year survey through 2024 ±1.0pp at 90% confidence (2024 estimate) survey trend: 2015-2019 vs 2020-2024 surveys about this metric
Education

Children ages 3-4 enrolled in preschool

▲ Higher is better Worsening
Compared against How peers are chosen →
What changed

Preschool enrollment fell 9.7 percentage points between the 2015-2019 and 2020-2024 surveys, from 55.2% to 45.6% - more than the combined survey margin (±5.0pp). That is movement in the wrong direction.

Broader trend
48% of similar-size cities show a real change in the same direction; 5% moved the other way.
Longer view
Preschool enrollment fell 6.3 percentage points from 2014 to 2024 (51.9% to 45.6%).
Needs attention 45.6%
20112024
Open in Explorer →
▸ Compare all 22 similar-size cities by change rank
Change is measured between each place's two non-overlapping survey periods against its published margins (90% confidence). significant improvement · significant worsening · not significant (within the margin). Change rank orders every measured change; read it with the dot beside it, ranks among hollow-dot rows are ordering values inside their margins. Today's rank orders current values in the metric's better direction.
Place Latest2020-2024 survey Today's rank Change2015-2019 → 2020-2024 Sig. Change rank History Latest vs. peers
North Carolina ref 39.6% -3.4pp
United States ref 45.5%
Aurora, CO 44.2% 8th +6.0pp 1st 4% above peers
Tampa, FL 58.2% 3rd +4.6pp 2nd 37% above peers
Memphis, TN 39.9% 15th +2.7pp 3rd 6% below peers
Miami, FL 67.7% 1st +4.3pp 4th 59% above peers
Tucson, AZ 38.6% 17th +0.4pp 5th 9% below peers
Atlanta, GA 62.2% 2nd -0.9pp 6th 46% above peers
Colorado Springs, CO 43.4% 10th -1.6pp 7th 2% above peers
Mesa, AZ 32.1% 21st -1.2pp 8th 25% below peers
Kansas City, MO 42.2% 13th -2.4pp 9th 1% below peers
Tulsa, OK 42.5% 11th -4.3pp 10th on par with peers
Minneapolis, MN 50.2% 5th -5.2pp 11th 18% above peers
Fresno, CA 35.5% 20th -3.9pp 12th 17% below peers
Virginia Beach, VA 47.6% 6th -6.1pp 13th 12% above peers
Oakland, CA 51.0% 4th -6.9pp 14th 20% above peers
Albuquerque, NM 38.7% 16th -5.9pp 15th 9% below peers
Long Beach, CA 44.0% 9th -7.0pp 16th 3% above peers
Omaha, NE 36.3% 19th -6.0pp 17th 15% below peers
Bakersfield, CA 29.3% 22nd -5.1pp 18th 31% below peers
Milwaukee, WI 42.3% 12th -7.8pp 19th on par with peers
Raleigh, NC 45.6% 7th -9.7pp 20th 7% above peers
Sacramento, CA 38.0% 18th -8.4pp 21st 10% below peers
Baltimore, MD 42.0% 14th -9.8pp 22nd 1% below peers
▸ Where is this changing? 100 census tracts
Each tract is colored and ranked by its change from 2019 to 2024, between the same two survey periods as the card above, as a share of its own starting level: green tracts improved, red tracts moved the wrong way. Tracts marked * moved less than their own survey margin, so their color is a direction, not a claim. Hover a tract for its numbers and history, or a table row to find that tract on the map; click either for its location or its data in the Explorer.
EducationChildren ages 3-4 enrolled in preschool
Loading tract map…
35 of 100 tracts cover a shorter window (dashed outline; mostly 2020 boundary changes); 5 have too little data to show a change (gray). Each tract's change uses the same two survey periods as the card above and is judged against the tract's own published margins; tracts marked * moved less than their margin. How the tract view works →
▸

Peers worth a call

1
Cities of similar size (250k-1m) that started in the strongest third, like this city, and whose improvement is sustained over several years, larger than the data's normal noise, and big enough to matter. Referral candidates to investigate, not proven interventions. How we pick these →
  • St. Petersburg, FL up 11.5pp between its surveys · a larger real gain than 99% of this group · 2019-2024
Census ACS 5-year survey through 2024 ±3.1pp at 90% confidence (2024 estimate) survey trend: 2015-2019 vs 2020-2024 surveys about this metric
★
Education

Teens not in school and not working

▼ Lower is better No measurable change ★ Strong performer
Compared against How peers are chosen →
What changed

Disconnected youth changed less than the survey can measure between the 2015-2019 and 2020-2024 surveys (4.7% then, 4.7% now; margin ±1.8pp).

Broader trend
24% of similar-size cities show a real change in either direction.
Longer view
Disconnected youth rose 0.4 percentage points from 2014 to 2024 (4.3% to 4.7%).
Bright spot 4.7%
20102024
Open in Explorer →
▸ Compare all 22 similar-size cities by change rank
Change is measured between each place's two non-overlapping survey periods against its published margins (90% confidence). significant improvement · significant worsening · not significant (within the margin). Change rank orders every measured change; read it with the dot beside it, ranks among hollow-dot rows are ordering values inside their margins. Today's rank orders current values in the metric's better direction.
Place Latest2020-2024 survey Today's rank Change2015-2019 → 2020-2024 Sig. Change rank History Latest vs. peers
North Carolina ref 7.0% -0.2pp
United States ref 6.9% +0.3pp
Kansas City, MO 5.7% 6th -3.3pp 1st 22% below peers
Tulsa, OK 5.8% 7th -3.4pp 2nd 20% below peers
Miami, FL 8.5% 16th -4.1pp 3rd 16% above peers
Baltimore, MD 9.0% 20th -2.7pp 4th 23% above peers
Sacramento, CA 7.2% 10th -0.7pp 5th 1% below peers
Atlanta, GA 4.5% 1st -0.4pp 6th 38% below peers
Oakland, CA 7.9% 14th -0.6pp 7th 8% above peers
Omaha, NE 5.6% 5th -0.3pp 8th 23% below peers
Albuquerque, NM 7.2% 11th -0.4pp 9th 1% below peers
Fresno, CA 8.9% 19th -0.4pp 10th 23% above peers
Long Beach, CA 7.3% 13th -0.3pp 11th on par with peers
Aurora, CO 8.1% 15th -0.1pp 12th 11% above peers
Tucson, AZ 7.3% 12th -0.0pp 13th on par with peers
Raleigh, NC 4.7% 2nd -0.0pp 14th 36% below peers
Tampa, FL 5.2% 4th +0.0pp 15th 28% below peers
Mesa, AZ 8.5% 17th +0.3pp 16th 17% above peers
Colorado Springs, CO 6.7% 8th +0.5pp 17th 9% below peers
Milwaukee, WI 8.8% 18th +0.7pp 18th 21% above peers
Memphis, TN 13.1% 22nd +1.8pp 19th 80% above peers
Minneapolis, MN 4.9% 3rd +1.0pp 20th 33% below peers
Bakersfield, CA 10.0% 21st +2.0pp 21st 37% above peers
Virginia Beach, VA 6.8% 9th +1.9pp 22nd 7% below peers
▸ Where is this changing? 100 census tracts
Each tract is colored and ranked by its change from 2019 to 2024, between the same two survey periods as the card above, as a share of its own starting level: green tracts improved, red tracts moved the wrong way. Tracts marked * moved less than their own survey margin, so their color is a direction, not a claim. Hover a tract for its numbers and history, or a table row to find that tract on the map; click either for its location or its data in the Explorer.
EducationTeens not in school and not working
Loading tract map…
33 of 100 tracts cover a shorter window (dashed outline; mostly 2020 boundary changes); 1 has too little data to show a change (gray). Each tract's change uses the same two survey periods as the card above and is judged against the tract's own published margins; tracts marked * moved less than their margin. How the tract view works →
Census ACS 5-year survey (table B14005) through 2024 ±1.3pp at 90% confidence (2024 estimate) survey trend: 2015-2019 vs 2020-2024 surveys about this metric
See all Education data →
Demographics 4 indicators
Demographics

Population

No better direction Rising
Compared against How peers are chosen →
What changed

Population rose about 4% between the 2015-2019 and 2020-2024 surveys, from 464,485 to 481,031 - more than the combined survey margin (±542).

Broader trend
76% of similar-size cities show a real change in the same direction; 14% moved the other way.
Longer view
Population rose about 14% from 2014 to 2024 (423,287 to 481,031).
481,031
20102024
Open in Explorer →
▸ Compare all 22 similar-size cities by change rank
Change is measured between each place's two non-overlapping survey periods against its published margins (90% confidence). significant improvement · significant worsening · not significant (within the margin). Change rank orders every measured change; read it with the dot beside it, ranks among hollow-dot rows are ordering values inside their margins. Today's rank orders current values in the metric's better direction.
Place Latest2020-2024 survey Today's rank Change2015-2019 → 2020-2024 Sig. Change rank History Latest vs. peers
Bakersfield, CA 411,986 20th +9% 1st 16% below peers
Aurora, CO 394,432 22nd +7% 2nd 19% below peers
Sacramento, CA 528,706 7th +6% 3rd 8% above peers
Kansas City, MO 510,612 9th +5% 4th 4% above peers
Colorado Springs, CO 487,887 12th +5% 5th on par with peers
Fresno, CA 545,970 6th +4% 6th 12% above peers
Raleigh, NC 481,031 13th +4% 7th 2% below peers
Tampa, FL 401,618 21st +4% 8th 18% below peers
Atlanta, GA 505,268 10th +3% 9th 3% above peers
Oakland, CA 439,418 17th +3% 10th 10% below peers
Tulsa, OK 413,794 19th +3% 11th 15% below peers
Omaha, NE 488,837 11th +3% 12th on par with peers
Mesa, AZ 511,764 8th +2% 13th 5% above peers
Minneapolis, MN 427,246 18th +2% 14th 13% below peers
Virginia Beach, VA 456,349 15th +1% 15th 7% below peers
Miami, FL 459,745 14th +1% 16th 6% below peers
Tucson, AZ 547,073 5th +1% 17th 12% above peers
Albuquerque, NM 562,218 4th +1% 18th 15% above peers
Long Beach, CA 455,548 16th -2% 19th 7% below peers
Milwaukee, WI 566,973 3rd -5% 20th 16% above peers
Memphis, TN 618,980 1st -5% 21st 27% above peers
Baltimore, MD 573,243 2nd -6% 22nd 17% above peers
▸ Where is this changing? 100 census tracts
Each tract is colored and ranked by its change from 2019 to 2024, between the same two survey periods as the card above, as a share of its own starting level: blue tracts rose, orange tracts fell. Tracts marked * moved less than their own survey margin, so their color is a direction, not a claim. Hover a tract for its numbers and history, or a table row to find that tract on the map; click either for its location or its data in the Explorer.
DemographicsPopulation
Loading tract map…
33 of 100 tracts cover a shorter window (dashed outline; mostly 2020 boundary changes). Each tract's change uses the same two survey periods as the card above and is judged against the tract's own published margins; tracts marked * moved less than their margin. How the tract view works →
Census ACS 5-year survey through 2024 ±391 at 90% confidence (2024 estimate) survey trend: 2015-2019 vs 2020-2024 surveys about this metric
Demographics

Children's share of the population

No better direction Falling
Compared against How peers are chosen →
What changed

Children fell 1.0 percentage points between the 2015-2019 and 2020-2024 surveys, from 20.9% to 19.8% - more than the combined survey margin (±0.6pp).

Broader trend
86% of similar-size cities show a real change in the same direction; 5% moved the other way.
Longer view
Children fell 1.9 percentage points from 2017 to 2024 (21.7% to 19.8%).
19.8%
20172024
Open in Explorer →
▸ Compare all 22 similar-size cities by change rank
Change is measured between each place's two non-overlapping survey periods against its published margins (90% confidence). significant improvement · significant worsening · not significant (within the margin). Change rank orders every measured change; read it with the dot beside it, ranks among hollow-dot rows are ordering values inside their margins. Today's rank orders current values in the metric's better direction.
Place Latest2020-2024 survey Today's rank Change2015-2019 → 2020-2024 Sig. Change rank History Latest vs. peers
North Carolina ref 21.8% -0.6pp
United States ref 21.9% -0.7pp
Memphis, TN 25.2% 4th +0.3pp 1st 16% above peers
Baltimore, MD 20.9% 13th +0.2pp 2nd 4% below peers
Tulsa, OK 24.1% 6th -0.4pp 3rd 10% above peers
Virginia Beach, VA 21.9% 10th -0.4pp 4th on par with peers
Milwaukee, WI 25.4% 3rd -0.6pp 5th 16% above peers
Bakersfield, CA 29.2% 1st -0.7pp 6th 34% above peers
Kansas City, MO 22.5% 9th -0.6pp 7th 3% above peers
Fresno, CA 27.4% 2nd -1.0pp 8th 26% above peers
Omaha, NE 24.2% 5th -0.9pp 9th 11% above peers
Raleigh, NC 19.8% 16th -1.0pp 10th 9% below peers
Oakland, CA 18.9% 19th -1.0pp 11th 14% below peers
Minneapolis, MN 18.8% 20th -1.0pp 12th 14% below peers
Miami, FL 16.5% 22nd -1.0pp 13th 24% below peers
Colorado Springs, CO 21.8% 11th -1.4pp 14th on par with peers
Aurora, CO 23.9% 7th -1.5pp 15th 9% above peers
Sacramento, CA 21.5% 12th -1.6pp 16th 1% below peers
Mesa, AZ 22.5% 8th -1.8pp 17th 3% above peers
Tucson, AZ 19.4% 18th -1.8pp 18th 11% below peers
Atlanta, GA 16.6% 21st -1.6pp 19th 24% below peers
Albuquerque, NM 20.3% 14th -2.1pp 20th 7% below peers
Tampa, FL 19.4% 17th -2.1pp 21st 11% below peers
Long Beach, CA 19.9% 15th -2.5pp 22nd 9% below peers
▸ Where is this changing? 100 census tracts
Each tract is colored and ranked by its change from 2019 to 2024, between the same two survey periods as the card above, as a share of its own starting level: blue tracts rose, orange tracts fell. Tracts marked * moved less than their own survey margin, so their color is a direction, not a claim. Hover a tract for its numbers and history, or a table row to find that tract on the map; click either for its location or its data in the Explorer.
DemographicsChildren's share of the population
Loading tract map…
33 of 100 tracts cover a shorter window (dashed outline; mostly 2020 boundary changes); 1 has too little data to show a change (gray). Each tract's change uses the same two survey periods as the card above and is judged against the tract's own published margins; tracts marked * moved less than their margin. How the tract view works →
Census ACS 5-year survey through 2024 ±0.4pp at 90% confidence (2024 estimate) survey trend: 2015-2019 vs 2020-2024 surveys about this metric
Demographics

Children in single-parent families

No better direction No measurable change
Compared against How peers are chosen →
What changed

Single-parent changed less than the survey can measure between the 2015-2019 and 2020-2024 surveys (35.3% then, 34.8% now; margin ±3.2pp).

Broader trend
29% of similar-size cities show a real change in either direction.
Longer view
Single-parent fell 3.9 percentage points from 2014 to 2024 (38.7% to 34.8%).
Big move 34.8%
20102024
Open in Explorer →
▸ Compare all 22 similar-size cities by change rank
Change is measured between each place's two non-overlapping survey periods against its published margins (90% confidence). significant improvement · significant worsening · not significant (within the margin). Change rank orders every measured change; read it with the dot beside it, ranks among hollow-dot rows are ordering values inside their margins. Today's rank orders current values in the metric's better direction.
Place Latest2020-2024 survey Today's rank Change2015-2019 → 2020-2024 Sig. Change rank History Latest vs. peers
North Carolina ref 31.3% -1.4pp
United States ref 29.9% -0.2pp
Aurora, CO 34.0% 18th +4.7pp 1st 13% below peers
Virginia Beach, VA 30.6% 20th +2.5pp 2nd 22% below peers
Sacramento, CA 36.9% 13th +2.8pp 3rd 6% below peers
Long Beach, CA 40.2% 9th +2.8pp 4th 2% above peers
Omaha, NE 33.3% 19th +1.9pp 5th 15% below peers
Albuquerque, NM 42.2% 7th +2.4pp 6th 8% above peers
Milwaukee, WI 61.4% 1st +2.9pp 7th 56% above peers
Bakersfield, CA 35.5% 16th +1.4pp 8th 9% below peers
Oakland, CA 35.8% 15th +1.3pp 9th 9% below peers
Memphis, TN 59.9% 2nd -0.2pp 10th 53% above peers
Raleigh, NC 34.8% 17th -0.5pp 11th 11% below peers
Mesa, AZ 30.4% 21st -0.5pp 12th 23% below peers
Kansas City, MO 38.8% 12th -1.3pp 13th 1% below peers
Tucson, AZ 43.2% 5th -1.7pp 14th 10% above peers
Tampa, FL 40.1% 10th -2.4pp 15th 2% above peers
Minneapolis, MN 35.9% 14th -2.3pp 16th 9% below peers
Tulsa, OK 39.2% 11th -2.7pp 17th on par with peers
Baltimore, MD 54.2% 3rd -3.8pp 18th 38% above peers
Fresno, CA 40.9% 8th -3.3pp 19th 4% above peers
Miami, FL 42.6% 6th -3.5pp 20th 9% above peers
Colorado Springs, CO 26.4% 22nd -2.6pp 21st 33% below peers
Atlanta, GA 46.5% 4th -6.6pp 22nd 18% above peers
▸ Where is this changing? 100 census tracts
Each tract is colored and ranked by its change from 2019 to 2024, between the same two survey periods as the card above, as a share of its own starting level: blue tracts rose, orange tracts fell. Tracts marked * moved less than their own survey margin, so their color is a direction, not a claim. Hover a tract for its numbers and history, or a table row to find that tract on the map; click either for its location or its data in the Explorer.
DemographicsChildren in single-parent families
Loading tract map…
33 of 100 tracts cover a shorter window (dashed outline; mostly 2020 boundary changes); 2 have too little data to show a change (gray). Each tract's change uses the same two survey periods as the card above and is judged against the tract's own published margins; tracts marked * moved less than their margin. How the tract view works →
Census ACS 5-year survey (table B09002) through 2024 ±2.4pp at 90% confidence (2024 estimate) survey trend: 2015-2019 vs 2020-2024 surveys about this metric
Demographics

Young children with all parents in the labor force

No better direction No measurable change
Compared against How peers are chosen →
What changed

Working parents changed less than the survey can measure between the 2015-2019 and 2020-2024 surveys (69.2% then, 70.5% now; margin ±5.9pp).

Broader trend
19% of similar-size cities show a real change in either direction.
Longer view
Working parents rose 2.1 percentage points from 2014 to 2024 (68.5% to 70.5%).
70.5%
20102024
Open in Explorer →
▸ Compare all 22 similar-size cities by change rank
Change is measured between each place's two non-overlapping survey periods against its published margins (90% confidence). significant improvement · significant worsening · not significant (within the margin). Change rank orders every measured change; read it with the dot beside it, ranks among hollow-dot rows are ordering values inside their margins. Today's rank orders current values in the metric's better direction.
Place Latest2020-2024 survey Today's rank Change2015-2019 → 2020-2024 Sig. Change rank History Latest vs. peers
North Carolina ref 66.9% +1.0pp
United States ref 68.1% +1.9pp
Sacramento, CA 71.9% 6th +7.6pp 1st 2% above peers
Oakland, CA 71.6% 8th +7.0pp 2nd 1% above peers
Tampa, FL 74.3% 4th +6.3pp 3rd 5% above peers
Long Beach, CA 71.3% 9th +5.9pp 4th 1% above peers
Fresno, CA 65.0% 16th +3.6pp 5th 8% below peers
Virginia Beach, VA 68.8% 13th +3.6pp 6th 2% below peers
Baltimore, MD 74.6% 2nd +3.8pp 7th 6% above peers
Colorado Springs, CO 62.0% 22nd +1.6pp 8th 12% below peers
Mesa, AZ 63.5% 18th +1.6pp 9th 10% below peers
Atlanta, GA 75.7% 1st +1.7pp 10th 7% above peers
Raleigh, NC 70.5% 11th +1.4pp 11th on par with peers
Milwaukee, WI 72.5% 5th +1.3pp 12th 3% above peers
Tulsa, OK 63.8% 17th +0.9pp 13th 10% below peers
Albuquerque, NM 69.7% 12th +0.6pp 14th 1% below peers
Miami, FL 67.6% 14th +0.3pp 15th 4% below peers
Kansas City, MO 71.9% 7th -0.3pp 16th 2% above peers
Memphis, TN 66.7% 15th -1.8pp 17th 5% below peers
Aurora, CO 63.5% 19th -1.9pp 18th 10% below peers
Omaha, NE 70.8% 10th -2.1pp 19th on par with peers
Bakersfield, CA 62.4% 21st -1.9pp 20th 11% below peers
Minneapolis, MN 74.6% 3rd -3.9pp 21st 6% above peers
Tucson, AZ 62.5% 20th -3.9pp 22nd 11% below peers
▸ Where is this changing? 100 census tracts
Each tract is colored and ranked by its change from 2019 to 2024, between the same two survey periods as the card above, as a share of its own starting level: blue tracts rose, orange tracts fell. Tracts marked * moved less than their own survey margin, so their color is a direction, not a claim. Hover a tract for its numbers and history, or a table row to find that tract on the map; click either for its location or its data in the Explorer.
DemographicsYoung children with all parents in the labor force
Loading tract map…
33 of 100 tracts cover a shorter window (dashed outline; mostly 2020 boundary changes); 2 have too little data to show a change (gray). Each tract's change uses the same two survey periods as the card above and is judged against the tract's own published margins; tracts marked * moved less than their margin. How the tract view works →
Census ACS 5-year survey (table B23008) through 2024 ±4.6pp at 90% confidence (2024 estimate) survey trend: 2015-2019 vs 2020-2024 surveys about this metric
See all Demographics data →