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Duluth, MN
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Duluth, MN

See all data for this place → See Duluth on Skyline →
88,330 people (2025) 50k-100k Midwest

Bright spots 11 indicators

Where Duluth, MN shows a real improvement in recent years, or stands clearly ahead of its peers. How this is calculated →
Preschool enrollment
Children ages 3-4 enrolled in preschool
54.3%
2020-24
▲ 35%
relative change
40.1% in 2019
Real improvement Leading peers
Learn more ↓
Vehicle theft
Motor vehicle theft rate
88 /100k
Jul 2026
▼ 35%
relative change
136 a year earlier
Real, sustained progress  
Learn more ↓
Household income
Median household income
$68,807
2020-24
▲ 31%
relative change
$52,463 in 2019
Real improvement Trailing peers
Learn more ↓
Violent crime
Violent crime rate
263 /100k
Jul 2026
▲ 30%
relative change
203 a year earlier
Real, sustained progress  
Learn more ↓
College attainment
Adults with a bachelor's degree or higher
44.0%
2020-24
▲ 16%
relative change
37.9% in 2019
Real improvement Leading peers
Learn more ↓
SNAP
Households receiving SNAP
11.0%
2019-23
▼ 12%
relative change
12.4% in 2018
Real improvement Leading peers
Learn more ↓
Broadband
Households with a broadband internet subscription
90.4%
2020-24
▲ 11%
relative change
81.6% in 2019
Real improvement Trailing peers
Learn more ↓
Property crime
Property crime rate
2,843 /100k
Jul 2026
▼ 6%
relative change
3,030 a year earlier
Real, sustained progress  
Learn more ↓
Disconnected youth
Teens not in school and not working
4.1%
2020-24
▲ 5%
relative change
3.9% in 2019
No measurable change Leading peers
Learn more ↓
Child uninsured
Children without health insurance
2.2%
2020-24
▲ 24%
relative change
1.8% in 2019
No measurable change Leading peers
Learn more ↓
Cost burden
Housing cost-burdened households
32.8%
2020-24
▲ 4%
relative change
31.4% in 2019
No measurable change Trailing peers
Learn more ↓

What needs attention 6 indicators

Where Duluth, MN shows a real worsening in recent years, or trails its peers clearly. How this is calculated →
Uninsured
People without health insurance
4.6%
2020-24
▲ 24%
relative change
3.7% in 2019
Worsening Leading peers
Learn more ↓
Unemployment
Unemployment rate
4.4%
Jul 2026
▲ 19%
relative change
3.7% a year earlier
Rising, the wrong way Leading peers
Learn more ↓
No vehicle
Households without a vehicle
10.2%
2020-24
▼ 11%
relative change
11.4% in 2019
No measurable change Trailing peers
Learn more ↓
Poverty
Share of people below the poverty level
16.8%
2020-24
▼ 8%
relative change
18.2% in 2019
Turning down (early signal) Trailing peers
Learn more ↓
Inequality
Income inequality (Gini index)
0.48
2020-24
flat
relative change
0.48 in 2019
No measurable change Trailing peers
Learn more ↓
Homeownership
Homeownership rate
59.4%
2020-24
▼ 2%
relative change
60.4% in 2019
Turning down (early signal) Leading peers
Learn more ↓

Big moves & big gaps 3 indicators

Real movement and big differences from peers, where neither direction is simply good or bad. Biggest relative change first; big-gap cards come last. How this is calculated →
Rent
Typical asking rent
$1,428
Aug 2026
▲ 3%
relative change
$1,388 a year earlier
Rising recently Among the lowest of peers
Learn more ↓
Population
87,093
2020-24
▲ 1%
relative change
85,915 in 2019
Rising Among the lowest of peers
Learn more ↓
Children
Children's share of the population
17.6%
2020-24
low
vs peers
17.8% in 2019
No measurable change Among the lowest of peers
Learn more ↓

All indicators

Public Safety 4 indicators
Public Safety

Violent crime rate

▼ Lower is better Worsening recently, faster than peers
Compared against How peers are chosen →
What changed

Violent crime rose about 30% over the 12 months ending July 2026, faster than 100% of similar-size cities.

Broader trend
Multi-year view: violent crime fell about 8% a year from 2021 to 2026, faster than 94% of similar-size cities. Duluth started mid-pack and has reached a genuinely better level; worth investigating.
Longer view
Violent crime fell about 5% a year from 2018 to 2026.
Latest
Most recent monthly reading: 263 in July 2026, up from 203 a year earlier.
Bright spot 263 per 100k
2018July 2026
Open in Explorer →
▸ Compare all 17 similar-size cities by change rank
Each place's latest 12 months compares against its prior 12. significant improvement · significant worsening · within chance fluctuation for counts this size (Poisson test at 90%; these are administrative tallies, so the test covers event randomness, not survey error). Reporting practices vary by agency, so comparisons are indicative, not definitive; see crime data cautions.
Place Latestper 100k Changelast 12 months Sig. Change rank History
U.S. (RTCI sample) ref 456 (Apr 26) -9.3%
Danbury, CT 104 (Jul 26) -58.3% 1st
Mission, TX 108 (Jul 26) -32.4% 2nd
South Jordan, UT 108 (Jul 26) -20.2% 3rd
Bloomington, MN 226 (Jul 26) -18.6% 4th
Troy, MI 90 (Jul 26) -14.0% 5th
Citrus Heights, CA 332 (Jul 26) -13.8% 6th
Sioux City, IA 478 (Jul 26) -9.8% 7th
Gastonia, NC 805 (Jul 26) -8.7% 8th
Baytown, TX 416 (Jul 26) -1.4% 9th
Ogden, UT 452 (Jul 26) -0.7% 10th
Medford, OR 368 (Jul 26) +2.6% 11th
Santa Monica, CA 666 (Jul 26) +5.6% 12th
Warner Robins, GA 574 (Jul 26) +7.2% 13th
Westminster, CA 420 (Jun 26) +7.8% 14th
Lawrence, MA 415 (Jul 26) +13.1% 15th
Franklin, TN 184 (Jul 26) +21.2% 16th
Duluth, MN 263 (Jul 26) +29.6% 17th
▸

Peers worth a call

3
Cities of similar size (50k-100k) that started mid-pack, like this city, and whose improvement is sustained over several years, larger than the data's normal noise, and big enough to matter. Because this metric moves monthly, each listed city also held or improved over its own most recent 12 months (shown on each row), and the list is ordered by that recent movement. Referral candidates to investigate, not proven interventions. How we pick these →
  • Burnsville, MN down about 47% over the 12 months ending July 2026 · sustained: down about 9% a year · 2021-2026
  • Mission, TX down about 32% over the 12 months ending July 2026 · sustained: down about 17% a year · 2023-2026
  • Middletown, OH down about 31% over the 12 months ending July 2025 · sustained: down about 11% a year · 2020-2025
Real-Time Crime Index through 2026-05 administrative trend: robust fit about this metric
Public Safety

Property crime rate

▼ Lower is better Verified improver, trailing peers
Compared against How peers are chosen →
What changed

Property crime fell about 6% over the 12 months ending July 2026, slower than 82% of similar-size cities.

Broader trend
Multi-year view: property crime fell about 5% a year from 2021 to 2026, faster than 59% of similar-size cities. Duluth started among the weakest third of similar-size cities, so some rebound is expected; still, the improvement is sustained and worth investigating.
Longer view
Property crime fell about 5% a year from 2018 to 2026.
Latest
Most recent monthly reading: 2,843 in July 2026, down from 3,030 a year earlier.
Bright spot 2,843 per 100k
2018July 2026
Open in Explorer →
▸ Compare all 18 similar-size cities by change rank
Each place's latest 12 months compares against its prior 12. significant improvement · significant worsening · within chance fluctuation for counts this size (Poisson test at 90%; these are administrative tallies, so the test covers event randomness, not survey error). Reporting practices vary by agency, so comparisons are indicative, not definitive; see crime data cautions.
Place Latestper 100k Changelast 12 months Sig. Change rank History
U.S. (RTCI sample) ref 1,987 (Apr 26) -12.2%
Danbury, CT 776 (Jul 26) -31.4% 1st
Franklin, TN 643 (Jul 26) -25.2% 2nd
Mission, TX 1,026 (Jul 26) -24.8% 3rd
Lawrence, MA 761 (Jul 26) -24.5% 4th
Santa Fe, NM 3,761 (Jul 26) -20.4% 5th
Gastonia, NC 2,569 (Jul 26) -16.3% 6th
Troy, MI 931 (Jul 26) -16.2% 7th
Santa Monica, CA 3,750 (Jul 26) -15.1% 8th
Warner Robins, GA 2,156 (Jul 26) -15.1% 9th
Baytown, TX 2,181 (Jul 26) -14.8% 10th
Westminster, CA 2,119 (Jun 26) -13.9% 11th
Citrus Heights, CA 1,764 (Jul 26) -13.8% 12th
Sioux City, IA 2,719 (Jul 26) -11.5% 13th
Ogden, UT 1,607 (Jul 26) -8.2% 14th
Duluth, MN 2,843 (Jul 26) -6.2% 15th
Bloomington, MN 2,840 (Apr 26) -4.8% 16th
South Jordan, UT 927 (Jul 26) +6.4% 17th
Medford, OR 3,762 (Jul 26) +7.9% 18th
▸

Peers worth a call

3
Cities of similar size (50k-100k) that started in the weakest third, like this city, and whose improvement is sustained over several years, larger than the data's normal noise, and big enough to matter. Because this metric moves monthly, each listed city also held or improved over its own most recent 12 months (shown on each row), and the list is ordered by that recent movement. Referral candidates to investigate, not proven interventions. How we pick these →
  • Brooklyn Park, MN down about 23% over the 12 months ending July 2026 · sustained: down about 13% a year · 2021-2026
  • Corvallis, OR down about 23% over the 12 months ending July 2026 · sustained: down about 11% a year · 2021-2026
  • Kingsport, TN down about 18% over the 12 months ending July 2026 · sustained: down about 11% a year · 2021-2026
Real-Time Crime Index through 2026-05 administrative trend: robust fit about this metric
Public Safety

Homicide rate

▼ Lower is better Improving recently
Compared against How peers are chosen →
What changed

Homicides fell about 43% over the 12 months ending July 2026, slower than 53% of similar-size cities.

Broader trend
Multi-year view: homicide rose about 65% a year from 2021 to 2026. That is movement in the wrong direction.
Latest
Most recent reading: 4 homicides in the 12 months ending July 2026, down from 7 in the prior 12 months. That is 5 per 100,000 residents; peer comparisons use the rate.
4 homicides
2018July 2026
Open in Explorer →
▸ Compare all 18 similar-size cities by change rank
Each place's latest 12 months compares against its prior 12. significant improvement · significant worsening · within chance fluctuation for counts this size (Poisson test at 90%; these are administrative tallies, so the test covers event randomness, not survey error). Reporting practices vary by agency, so comparisons are indicative, not definitive; see crime data cautions.
Place Latestper 100k Changelast 12 months Sig. Change rank History
U.S. (RTCI sample) ref 6 (Apr 26) -17.8%
Troy, MI 0 (Jul 26) -100.0% 1st
Mission, TX 0 (Jul 26) -100.0% 2nd
Danbury, CT 0 (Jul 26) -100.0% 3rd
Bloomington, MN 0 (Jul 26) -100.0% 4th
Citrus Heights, CA 0 (Jul 26) -100.0% 5th
Warner Robins, GA 2 (Jul 26) -77.8% 6th
Westminster, CA 1 (Jun 26) -75.1% 7th
Franklin, TN 1 (Jul 26) -66.7% 8th
Medford, OR 1 (Jul 26) -66.6% 9th
Duluth, MN 5 (Jul 26) -42.8% 10th
Baytown, TX 5 (Jul 26) -33.3% 11th
Santa Monica, CA 7 (Jul 26) -14.3% 12th
Gastonia, NC 6 (Jul 26) +0.0% 13th
Santa Fe, NM 9 (Jul 26) +0.0% 14th
Sioux City, IA 3 (Jul 26) +0.0% 15th
Ogden, UT 7 (Jul 26) +49.9% 16th
South Jordan, UT 2 (Jul 26) +100.0% 17th
Lawrence, MA 7 (Jul 26) +100.0% 18th
▸

Peers worth a call

1
Cities of similar size (50k-100k) that started in the strongest third, like this city, and whose improvement is sustained over several years, larger than the data's normal noise, and big enough to matter. Because this metric moves monthly, each listed city also held or improved over its own most recent 12 months (shown on each row), and the list is ordered by that recent movement. Referral candidates to investigate, not proven interventions. How we pick these →
Real-Time Crime Index through 2026-06 administrative trend: robust fit about this metric
Public Safety

Motor vehicle theft rate

▼ Lower is better Verified improver
Compared against How peers are chosen →
What changed

Vehicle theft fell about 35% over the 12 months ending July 2026, faster than 88% of similar-size cities.

Broader trend
Multi-year view: vehicle theft fell about 14% a year from 2021 to 2026, faster than 94% of similar-size cities. Duluth started mid-pack and has reached a genuinely better level; worth investigating.
Longer view
Vehicle theft fell about 8% a year from 2018 to 2026.
Latest
Most recent monthly reading: 88 in July 2026, down from 136 a year earlier.
Bright spot 88 per 100k
2018July 2026
Open in Explorer →
▸ Compare all 18 similar-size cities by change rank
Each place's latest 12 months compares against its prior 12. significant improvement · significant worsening · within chance fluctuation for counts this size (Poisson test at 90%; these are administrative tallies, so the test covers event randomness, not survey error). Reporting practices vary by agency, so comparisons are indicative, not definitive; see crime data cautions.
Place Latestper 100k Changelast 12 months Sig. Change rank History
U.S. (RTCI sample) ref 303 (Apr 26) -22.2%
Santa Fe, NM 296 (Jul 26) -52.8% 1st
Mission, TX 24 (Jul 26) -41.7% 2nd
Duluth, MN 88 (Jul 26) -35.0% 3rd
Baytown, TX 256 (Jul 26) -30.8% 4th
Gastonia, NC 219 (Jul 26) -30.8% 5th
Bloomington, MN 115 (Apr 26) -29.8% 6th
Lawrence, MA 78 (Jul 26) -27.1% 7th
Danbury, CT 69 (Jul 26) -25.6% 8th
Santa Monica, CA 377 (Jul 26) -22.6% 9th
Troy, MI 62 (Jul 26) -20.3% 10th
Warner Robins, GA 172 (Jul 26) -18.4% 11th
Medford, OR 148 (Jul 26) -17.9% 12th
Ogden, UT 130 (Jul 26) -16.5% 13th
Franklin, TN 49 (Jul 26) -15.4% 14th
Sioux City, IA 244 (Jul 26) -10.2% 15th
Citrus Heights, CA 188 (Jul 26) +6.6% 16th
Westminster, CA 265 (Jun 26) +7.8% 17th
South Jordan, UT 70 (Jul 26) +10.9% 18th
▸

Peers worth a call

3
Cities of similar size (50k-100k) that started mid-pack, like this city, and whose improvement is sustained over several years, larger than the data's normal noise, and big enough to matter. Because this metric moves monthly, each listed city also held or improved over its own most recent 12 months (shown on each row), and the list is ordered by that recent movement. Referral candidates to investigate, not proven interventions. How we pick these →
  • Loveland, CO down about 65% over the 12 months ending July 2026 · sustained: down about 22% a year · 2021-2026
  • Eagan, MN down about 49% over the 12 months ending July 2026 · sustained: down about 22% a year · 2022-2026
  • Beaumont, CA down about 38% over the 12 months ending July 2026 · sustained: down about 15% a year · 2021-2026
Real-Time Crime Index through 2026-06 administrative trend: robust fit about this metric
See all Public Safety data →
Economy 7 indicators
Economy

Median household income

▲ Higher is better Real improvement
Compared against How peers are chosen →
What changed

Household income rose about 31% between the 2015-2019 and 2020-2024 surveys, from $52,463 to $68,807 (each survey's own dollars, not adjusted for inflation) - more than the combined survey margin (±$2,364).

Broader trend
97% of similar-size cities show a real change in the same direction. Duluth started mid-pack and has reached a genuinely better level; worth investigating.
Longer view
Household income rose about 58% from 2014 to 2024 ($43,518 to $68,807).
Bright spot $68,807
20102024
Open in Explorer →
▸ Compare all 31 similar-size cities by change rank
Change is measured between each place's two non-overlapping survey periods against its published margins (90% confidence). significant improvement · significant worsening · not significant (within the margin). Change rank orders every measured change; read it with the dot beside it, ranks among hollow-dot rows are ordering values inside their margins. Today's rank orders current values in the metric's better direction.
Place Latest2020-2024 survey Today's rank Change2015-2019 → 2020-2024 Sig. Change rank History Latest vs. peers
Minnesota ref $89,062 +25%
United States ref $80,734 +28%
Medford, OR $73,230 18th +46% 1st on par with peers
Daytona Beach, FL $52,058 31st +45% 2nd 29% below peers
Ogden, UT $72,575 19th +45% 3rd 1% below peers
Waukegan, IL $71,919 20th +44% 4th 2% below peers
South Gate, CA $74,571 15th +43% 5th 1% above peers
Santa Barbara, CA $106,182 8th +39% 6th 44% above peers
Homestead, FL $65,423 25th +38% 7th 11% below peers
Melbourne, FL $66,991 23rd +38% 8th 9% below peers
Rancho Cordova, CA $89,585 11th +37% 9th 22% above peers
Westminster, CA $85,541 12th +37% 10th 16% above peers
Lawrence, MA $60,433 28th +35% 11th 18% below peers
Auburn, WA $97,884 9th +34% 12th 33% above peers
Queen Creek, AZ $141,978 2nd +34% 13th 93% above peers
Citrus Heights, CA $82,314 14th +32% 14th 12% above peers
Duluth, MN $68,807 22nd +31% 15th 6% below peers
Gastonia, NC $64,059 26th +30% 16th 13% below peers
Warner Robins, GA $66,970 24th +29% 17th 9% below peers
South Jordan, UT $134,047 4th +28% 18th 82% above peers
Santa Fe, NM $73,482 17th +27% 19th on par with peers
Mission, TX $60,767 27th +24% 20th 17% below peers
Sioux City, IA $68,906 21st +24% 21st 6% below peers
Deerfield Beach, FL $59,730 30th +24% 22nd 19% below peers
Bloomington, MN $93,211 10th +24% 23rd 27% above peers
Kennewick, WA $73,576 16th +24% 24th on par with peers
Lake Forest, CA $135,175 3rd +23% 25th 84% above peers
San Ramon, CA $196,161 1st +22% 26th 167% above peers
Franklin, TN $119,528 6th +22% 27th 62% above peers
Santa Monica, CA $114,885 7th +19% 28th 56% above peers
Troy, MI $120,045 5th +18% 29th 63% above peers
Danbury, CT $83,393 13th +14% 30th 13% above peers
Baytown, TX $59,910 29th +5% 31st 19% below peers
▸ Where is this changing? 33 census tracts
Each tract is colored and ranked by its change from 2019 to 2024, between the same two survey periods as the card above, as a share of its own starting level: green tracts improved, red tracts moved the wrong way. Tracts marked * moved less than their own survey margin, so their color is a direction, not a claim. Hover a tract for its numbers and history, or a table row to find that tract on the map; click either for its location or its data in the Explorer.
EconomyMedian household income
Loading tract map…
2 of 33 tracts cover a shorter window (dashed outline; mostly 2020 boundary changes). Each tract's change uses the same two survey periods as the card above and is judged against the tract's own published margins; tracts marked * moved less than their margin. How the tract view works →
▸ Break down by group Race · ACS 2024
Loading breakdown…
How breakdowns work →
▸

Peers worth a call

3
Cities of similar size (50k-100k) that started mid-pack, like this city, and whose improvement is sustained over several years, larger than the data's normal noise, and big enough to matter. Referral candidates to investigate, not proven interventions. How we pick these →
  • Bozeman, MT up about 54% between its surveys · a larger real gain than 99% of this group · 2019-2024
  • Malden, MA up about 52% between its surveys · a larger real gain than 99% of this group · 2019-2024
  • Plainfield, NJ up about 52% between its surveys · a larger real gain than 99% of this group · 2019-2024
Census ACS 5-year survey through 2024 ±$1,814 at 90% confidence (2024 estimate) survey trend: 2015-2019 vs 2020-2024 surveys about this metric
Economy

Unemployment rate

▼ Lower is better Worsening recently, faster than peers
Compared against How peers are chosen →
What changed

Unemployment rose 0.7 percentage points over the 12 months ending July 2026, faster than 93% of similar-size cities.

Broader trend
Multi-year view: unemployment rose about 0.4 percentage points a year from 2022 to 2025. That is movement in the wrong direction.
Longer view
Unemployment fell less than 0.1 percentage points a year from 2015 to 2025.
Latest
Most recent monthly reading: 4.4% in July 2026, up from 3.7% a year earlier.
Needs attention 4.4%
1990July 2026
Open in Explorer →
▸ Compare all 31 similar-size cities by change rank
Place Latest Today's rank Changelast 12 months Change rank History Latest vs. peers
Minnesota ref 4.3% (Jul 26) +0.5pp
United States ref 4.1% (Aug 26) -0.2pp
South Gate, CA 5.0% (Jul 26) 22nd -1.2pp 1st 11% above peers
Waukegan, IL 4.0% (Jul 26) 8th -1.0pp 2nd 11% below peers
Westminster, CA 4.6% (Jul 26) 17th -0.8pp 3rd 2% above peers
Santa Monica, CA 5.1% (Jul 26) 23rd -0.8pp 4th 13% above peers
Kennewick, WA 3.9% (Jul 26) 7th -0.6pp 5th 13% below peers
Gastonia, NC 4.0% (Jul 26) 9th -0.5pp 6th 11% below peers
Citrus Heights, CA 4.9% (Jul 26) 21st -0.5pp 7th 9% above peers
Homestead, FL 2.7% (Jul 26) 1st -0.5pp 8th 40% below peers
Warner Robins, GA 2.8% (Jul 26) 3rd -0.4pp 9th 38% below peers
Rancho Cordova, CA 5.1% (Jul 26) 24th -0.4pp 10th 13% above peers
Franklin, TN 2.7% (Jul 26) 2nd -0.4pp 11th 40% below peers
Lake Forest, CA 4.1% (Jul 26) 12th -0.3pp 12th 9% below peers
Santa Barbara, CA 3.6% (Jul 26) 4th -0.3pp 13th 20% below peers
Sioux City, IA 3.7% (Jul 26) 6th -0.3pp 14th 18% below peers
Mission, TX 6.0% (Jul 26) 27th -0.2pp 15th 33% above peers
Lawrence, MA 6.8% (Jul 26) 29th -0.2pp 16th 51% above peers
San Ramon, CA 4.6% (Jul 26) 18th -0.2pp 17th 2% above peers
Ogden, UT 4.0% (Jul 26) 10th -0.1pp 18th 11% below peers
Baytown, TX 7.7% (Jul 26) 31st +0.0pp 19th 71% above peers
South Jordan, UT 3.6% (Jul 26) 5th +0.1pp 20th 20% below peers
Troy, MI 4.0% (Jul 26) 11th +0.2pp 21st 11% below peers
Medford, OR 6.7% (Jul 26) 28th +0.2pp 22nd 49% above peers
Auburn, WA 5.2% (Jul 26) 25th +0.2pp 23rd 16% above peers
Queen Creek, AZ 4.2% (Jul 26) 13th +0.4pp 24th 7% below peers
Santa Fe, NM 4.7% (Jul 26) 19th +0.5pp 25th 4% above peers
Melbourne, FL 4.8% (Jul 26) 20th +0.6pp 26th 7% above peers
Deerfield Beach, FL 4.5% (Jul 26) 16th +0.6pp 27th on par with peers
Bloomington, MN 4.4% (Jul 26) 14th +0.6pp 28th 2% below peers
Duluth, MN 4.4% (Jul 26) 15th +0.7pp 29th 2% below peers
Daytona Beach, FL 6.8% (Jul 26) 30th +1.1pp 30th 51% above peers
Danbury, CT 5.2% (Jul 26) 26th +1.3pp 31st 16% above peers
BLS Local Area Unemployment Statistics through 2025 administrative trend: robust fit about this metric
Economy

Share of people below the poverty level

▼ Lower is better Turning down (early signal)
Compared against How peers are chosen →
What changed

Poverty changed less than the survey can measure between the 2015-2019 and 2020-2024 surveys (18.2% then, 16.8% now; margin ±1.5pp). The newest releases lean downward: each of the last 10 annual updates moved the 5-year average the same way - an early signal, not a measured change.*

Broader trend
30% of similar-size cities show a real change in either direction.
Longer view
Poverty fell 5.9 percentage points from 2014 to 2024 (22.7% to 16.8%).
Needs attention 16.8%
20112024
Open in Explorer →
▸ Compare all 31 similar-size cities by change rank
Change is measured between each place's two non-overlapping survey periods against its published margins (90% confidence). significant improvement · significant worsening · not significant (within the margin). Change rank orders every measured change; read it with the dot beside it, ranks among hollow-dot rows are ordering values inside their margins. Today's rank orders current values in the metric's better direction.
Place Latest2020-2024 survey Today's rank Change2015-2019 → 2020-2024 Sig. Change rank History Latest vs. peers
Minnesota ref 9.3% -0.4pp
United States ref 12.4%
Franklin, TN 4.7% 4th -2.0pp 1st 66% below peers
South Gate, CA 12.7% 13th -4.4pp 2nd 7% below peers
Citrus Heights, CA 8.6% 7th -2.9pp 3rd 37% below peers
Medford, OR 13.2% 15th -4.1pp 4th 4% below peers
Homestead, FL 18.4% 29th -5.4pp 5th 35% above peers
Ogden, UT 13.7% 16th -3.5pp 6th on par with peers
Queen Creek, AZ 3.8% 2nd -1.0pp 7th 73% below peers
Warner Robins, GA 14.2% 18th -3.1pp 8th 4% above peers
Lawrence, MA 17.6% 27th -3.8pp 9th 29% above peers
Auburn, WA 8.9% 8th -1.7pp 10th 35% below peers
Daytona Beach, FL 20.4% 31st -3.9pp 11th 49% above peers
Mission, TX 19.4% 30th -3.1pp 12th 42% above peers
Waukegan, IL 15.3% 23rd -2.3pp 13th 12% above peers
Rancho Cordova, CA 12.2% 12th -1.1pp 14th 11% below peers
Kennewick, WA 14.3% 19th -1.2pp 15th 5% above peers
Duluth, MN 16.8% 26th -1.4pp 16th 23% above peers
Westminster, CA 14.4% 20th -1.1pp 17th 5% above peers
Deerfield Beach, FL 15.1% 21st -1.1pp 18th 10% above peers
Santa Fe, NM 12.9% 14th -0.6pp 19th 6% below peers
Gastonia, NC 16.3% 25th -0.5pp 20th 19% above peers
Melbourne, FL 15.8% 24th -0.2pp 21st 15% above peers
Danbury, CT 11.7% 11th +0.2pp 22nd 14% below peers
Troy, MI 5.4% 5th +0.3pp 23rd 61% below peers
Sioux City, IA 15.3% 22nd +1.0pp 24th 12% above peers
Santa Barbara, CA 14.0% 17th +1.5pp 25th 2% above peers
Santa Monica, CA 11.2% 10th +1.3pp 26th 18% below peers
San Ramon, CA 4.4% 3rd +0.7pp 27th 68% below peers
Baytown, TX 18.2% 28th +3.1pp 28th 33% above peers
Lake Forest, CA 8.5% 6th +1.6pp 29th 38% below peers
Bloomington, MN 9.2% 9th +1.8pp 30th 33% below peers
South Jordan, UT 3.7% 1st +1.0pp 31st 73% below peers
▸ Where is this changing? 33 census tracts
Each tract is colored and ranked by its change from 2019 to 2024, between the same two survey periods as the card above, as a share of its own starting level: green tracts improved, red tracts moved the wrong way. Tracts marked * moved less than their own survey margin, so their color is a direction, not a claim. Hover a tract for its numbers and history, or a table row to find that tract on the map; click either for its location or its data in the Explorer.
EconomyShare of people below the poverty level
Loading tract map…
2 of 33 tracts cover a shorter window (dashed outline; mostly 2020 boundary changes). Each tract's change uses the same two survey periods as the card above and is judged against the tract's own published margins; tracts marked * moved less than their margin. How the tract view works →
▸ Break down by group Race · Age · Sex · ACS 2024
Loading breakdown…
How breakdowns work →
▸

Peers worth a call

3
Cities of similar size (50k-100k) that started in the weakest third, like this city, and whose improvement is sustained over several years, larger than the data's normal noise, and big enough to matter. Referral candidates to investigate, not proven interventions. How we pick these →
  • Sanford, FL down 7.3pp between its surveys · a larger real gain than 99% of this group · 2019-2024
  • Florin, CA down 9.3pp between its surveys · a larger real gain than 98% of this group · 2019-2024
  • Porterville, CA down 10.2pp between its surveys · a larger real gain than 98% of this group · 2019-2024
Census ACS 5-year survey through 2024 ±1.1pp at 90% confidence (2024 estimate) survey trend: 2015-2019 vs 2020-2024 surveys *Early signal: consecutive releases agree on direction only; the size of the newest movement is not measurable from overlapping surveys. about this metric
Economy

Share of children below the poverty level

▼ Lower is better No measurable change
Compared against How peers are chosen →
What changed

Child poverty changed less than the survey can measure between the 2015-2019 and 2020-2024 surveys (13.4% then, 15.6% now; margin ±2.8pp).

Broader trend
40% of similar-size cities show a real change in either direction.
Longer view
Child poverty fell 9.3 percentage points from 2014 to 2024 (24.9% to 15.6%).
15.6%
20132024
Open in Explorer →
▸ Compare all 31 similar-size cities by change rank
Change is measured between each place's two non-overlapping survey periods against its published margins (90% confidence). significant improvement · significant worsening · not significant (within the margin). Change rank orders every measured change; read it with the dot beside it, ranks among hollow-dot rows are ordering values inside their margins. Today's rank orders current values in the metric's better direction.
Place Latest2020-2024 survey Today's rank Change2015-2019 → 2020-2024 Sig. Change rank History Latest vs. peers
Minnesota ref 10.3% -1.8pp
United States ref 16.1%
Franklin, TN 3.6% 1st -4.6pp 1st 79% below peers
Citrus Heights, CA 7.4% 6th -6.5pp 2nd 55% below peers
South Gate, CA 14.6% 12th -9.6pp 3rd 12% below peers
Medford, OR 13.8% 11th -8.1pp 4th 17% below peers
Homestead, FL 23.3% 25th -9.8pp 5th 40% above peers
Troy, MI 3.6% 2nd -1.4pp 6th 78% below peers
Deerfield Beach, FL 16.7% 16th -6.5pp 7th on par with peers
Mission, TX 24.7% 28th -7.2pp 8th 48% above peers
Queen Creek, AZ 3.6% 3rd -1.0pp 9th 78% below peers
Warner Robins, GA 19.3% 21st -4.0pp 10th 16% above peers
Rancho Cordova, CA 15.0% 13th -2.6pp 11th 10% below peers
Kennewick, WA 18.6% 19th -2.7pp 12th 12% above peers
Westminster, CA 17.1% 18th -2.4pp 13th 3% above peers
Auburn, WA 13.1% 10th -1.8pp 14th 21% below peers
Daytona Beach, FL 38.8% 31st -5.2pp 15th 133% above peers
Gastonia, NC 21.3% 24th -2.4pp 16th 28% above peers
Lawrence, MA 24.1% 26th -2.7pp 17th 45% above peers
Ogden, UT 19.4% 22nd -1.9pp 18th 16% above peers
Waukegan, IL 24.5% 27th -1.5pp 19th 47% above peers
Santa Fe, NM 19.0% 20th -1.0pp 20th 14% above peers
Danbury, CT 16.8% 17th -0.4pp 21st 1% above peers
Sioux City, IA 20.4% 23rd +1.0pp 22nd 22% above peers
Lake Forest, CA 10.3% 8th +0.7pp 23rd 38% below peers
Melbourne, FL 25.9% 29th +3.3pp 24th 55% above peers
Duluth, MN 15.6% 14th +2.2pp 25th 6% below peers
Baytown, TX 26.8% 30th +5.2pp 26th 61% above peers
Bloomington, MN 13.1% 9th +3.2pp 27th 22% below peers
Santa Barbara, CA 15.9% 15th +4.4pp 28th 4% below peers
San Ramon, CA 3.6% 4th +1.0pp 29th 78% below peers
Santa Monica, CA 7.7% 7th +2.4pp 30th 54% below peers
South Jordan, UT 5.4% 5th +3.7pp 31st 67% below peers
▸ Where is this changing? 33 census tracts
Each tract is colored and ranked by its change from 2019 to 2024, between the same two survey periods as the card above, as a share of its own starting level: green tracts improved, red tracts moved the wrong way. Tracts marked * moved less than their own survey margin, so their color is a direction, not a claim. Hover a tract for its numbers and history, or a table row to find that tract on the map; click either for its location or its data in the Explorer.
EconomyShare of children below the poverty level
Loading tract map…
2 of 33 tracts cover a shorter window (dashed outline; mostly 2020 boundary changes). Each tract's change uses the same two survey periods as the card above and is judged against the tract's own published margins; tracts marked * moved less than their margin. How the tract view works →
▸

Peers worth a call

3
Cities of similar size (50k-100k) that started in the strongest third, like this city, and whose improvement is sustained over several years, larger than the data's normal noise, and big enough to matter. Referral candidates to investigate, not proven interventions. How we pick these →
  • Westfield, IN down 6.7pp between its surveys · a larger real gain than 100% of this group · 2019-2024
  • Catalina Foothills, AZ down 5.4pp between its surveys · a larger real gain than 100% of this group · 2019-2024
  • Apex, NC down 4.0pp between its surveys · a larger real gain than 99% of this group · 2019-2024
Census ACS 5-year survey through 2024 ±2.2pp at 90% confidence (2024 estimate) survey trend: 2015-2019 vs 2020-2024 surveys about this metric
Economy

Households with a broadband internet subscription

▲ Higher is better Real improvement
Compared against How peers are chosen →
What changed

Broadband rose 8.8 percentage points between the 2015-2019 and 2020-2024 surveys, from 81.6% to 90.4% - more than the combined survey margin (±1.8pp).

Broader trend
90% of similar-size cities show a real change in the same direction. Duluth started among the weakest third of similar-size cities, so some rebound is expected; still, the improvement is sustained and worth investigating.
Longer view
Broadband rose 13.7 percentage points from 2017 to 2024 (76.7% to 90.4%).
Bright spot 90.4%
20172024
Open in Explorer →
▸ Compare all 31 similar-size cities by change rank
Change is measured between each place's two non-overlapping survey periods against its published margins (90% confidence). significant improvement · significant worsening · not significant (within the margin). Change rank orders every measured change; read it with the dot beside it, ranks among hollow-dot rows are ordering values inside their margins. Today's rank orders current values in the metric's better direction.
Place Latest2020-2024 survey Today's rank Change2015-2019 → 2020-2024 Sig. Change rank History Latest vs. peers
Minnesota ref 91.8% +6.5pp
United States ref 91.1%
Daytona Beach, FL 90.2% 26th +19.9pp 1st 2% below peers
Lawrence, MA 84.9% 31st +12.7pp 2nd 8% below peers
Mission, TX 90.5% 23rd +12.6pp 3rd 2% below peers
Baytown, TX 91.7% 17th +12.5pp 4th on par with peers
Ogden, UT 93.9% 11th +12.4pp 5th 2% above peers
Gastonia, NC 90.0% 28th +10.8pp 6th 2% below peers
Warner Robins, GA 92.5% 15th +10.8pp 7th 1% above peers
Santa Fe, NM 91.9% 16th +9.7pp 8th on par with peers
Sioux City, IA 87.1% 30th +9.0pp 9th 5% below peers
Duluth, MN 90.4% 25th +8.8pp 10th 2% below peers
Homestead, FL 91.2% 20th +7.8pp 11th 1% below peers
Kennewick, WA 91.2% 21st +7.6pp 12th 1% below peers
South Gate, CA 90.9% 22nd +7.0pp 13th 1% below peers
Citrus Heights, CA 93.7% 12th +7.1pp 14th 2% above peers
Melbourne, FL 90.4% 24th +6.5pp 15th 2% below peers
Westminster, CA 93.6% 13th +6.6pp 16th 2% above peers
Medford, OR 91.6% 18th +6.2pp 17th on par with peers
Waukegan, IL 90.1% 27th +6.1pp 18th 2% below peers
South Jordan, UT 95.2% 6th +6.2pp 19th 4% above peers
Rancho Cordova, CA 94.4% 8th +6.1pp 20th 3% above peers
Santa Barbara, CA 94.0% 10th +5.8pp 21st 2% above peers
Bloomington, MN 92.8% 14th +5.1pp 22nd 1% above peers
Auburn, WA 94.7% 7th +5.0pp 23rd 3% above peers
Danbury, CT 91.3% 19th +4.5pp 24th 1% below peers
Deerfield Beach, FL 87.4% 29th +4.2pp 25th 5% below peers
Franklin, TN 96.0% 4th +3.9pp 26th 5% above peers
Lake Forest, CA 97.1% 2nd +3.2pp 27th 6% above peers
Santa Monica, CA 94.2% 9th +3.0pp 28th 3% above peers
Queen Creek, AZ 98.4% 1st +3.2pp 29th 7% above peers
Troy, MI 96.0% 5th +2.4pp 30th 5% above peers
San Ramon, CA 97.1% 3rd +0.5pp 31st 6% above peers
▸ Where is this changing? 33 census tracts
Each tract is colored and ranked by its change from 2019 to 2024, between the same two survey periods as the card above, as a share of its own starting level: green tracts improved, red tracts moved the wrong way. Tracts marked * moved less than their own survey margin, so their color is a direction, not a claim. Hover a tract for its numbers and history, or a table row to find that tract on the map; click either for its location or its data in the Explorer.
EconomyHouseholds with a broadband internet subscription
Loading tract map…
2 of 33 tracts cover a shorter window (dashed outline; mostly 2020 boundary changes). Each tract's change uses the same two survey periods as the card above and is judged against the tract's own published margins; tracts marked * moved less than their margin. How the tract view works →
▸

Peers worth a call

3
Cities of similar size (50k-100k) that started in the weakest third, like this city, and whose improvement is sustained over several years, larger than the data's normal noise, and big enough to matter. Referral candidates to investigate, not proven interventions. How we pick these →
  • Pharr, TX up 34.4pp between its surveys · a larger real gain than 100% of this group · 2019-2024
  • Perth Amboy, NJ up 29.5pp between its surveys · a larger real gain than 100% of this group · 2019-2024
  • Port Arthur, TX up 26.4pp between its surveys · a larger real gain than 100% of this group · 2019-2024
Census ACS 5-year survey through 2024 ±0.8pp at 90% confidence (2024 estimate) survey trend: 2015-2019 vs 2020-2024 surveys about this metric
Economy

Income inequality (Gini index)

▼ Lower is better No measurable change
Compared against How peers are chosen →
What changed

Inequality changed less than the survey can measure between the 2015-2019 and 2020-2024 surveys (0.48 then, 0.48 now; margin ±0.02).

Broader trend
20% of similar-size cities show a real change in either direction.
Longer view
Inequality held roughly steady from 2014 to 2024.
Needs attention 0.48
20102024
Open in Explorer →
▸ Compare all 31 similar-size cities by change rank
Change is measured between each place's two non-overlapping survey periods against its published margins (90% confidence). significant improvement · significant worsening · not significant (within the margin). Change rank orders every measured change; read it with the dot beside it, ranks among hollow-dot rows are ordering values inside their margins. Today's rank orders current values in the metric's better direction.
Place Latest2020-2024 survey Today's rank Change2015-2019 → 2020-2024 Sig. Change rank History Latest vs. peers
Minnesota ref 0.45 +0.003
United States ref 0.48 +0.001
South Jordan, UT 0.36 1st -0.026 1st 17% below peers
Homestead, FL 0.42 7th -0.030 2nd 4% below peers
Queen Creek, AZ 0.36 2nd -0.022 3rd 17% below peers
Citrus Heights, CA 0.38 3rd -0.022 4th 13% below peers
Ogden, UT 0.43 12th -0.024 5th 2% below peers
Mission, TX 0.48 27th -0.021 6th 10% above peers
Medford, OR 0.43 11th -0.018 7th 2% below peers
Westminster, CA 0.47 22nd -0.019 8th 7% above peers
Melbourne, FL 0.44 19th -0.013 9th 1% above peers
Daytona Beach, FL 0.49 28th -0.013 10th 12% above peers
Lawrence, MA 0.46 21st -0.010 11th 4% above peers
Rancho Cordova, CA 0.42 6th -0.007 12th 4% below peers
Santa Monica, CA 0.54 31st -0.007 13th 24% above peers
Auburn, WA 0.40 4th -0.005 14th 8% below peers
Lake Forest, CA 0.42 8th -0.002 15th 4% below peers
Santa Fe, NM 0.48 25th +0.000 16th 9% above peers
Warner Robins, GA 0.44 17th +0.000 17th on par with peers
Gastonia, NC 0.47 24th +0.002 18th 8% above peers
Duluth, MN 0.48 26th +0.002 19th 9% above peers
Waukegan, IL 0.44 18th +0.005 20th 1% above peers
Sioux City, IA 0.44 16th +0.008 21st on par with peers
Troy, MI 0.42 10th +0.009 22nd 3% below peers
Franklin, TN 0.43 14th +0.009 23rd 1% below peers
Kennewick, WA 0.44 15th +0.009 24th on par with peers
Bloomington, MN 0.43 13th +0.011 25th 1% below peers
Santa Barbara, CA 0.50 30th +0.019 26th 14% above peers
Baytown, TX 0.45 20th +0.019 27th 3% above peers
South Gate, CA 0.42 9th +0.018 28th 4% below peers
San Ramon, CA 0.41 5th +0.019 29th 7% below peers
Danbury, CT 0.47 23rd +0.029 30th 7% above peers
Deerfield Beach, FL 0.49 29th +0.031 31st 13% above peers
Census ACS 5-year survey (table B19083) through 2024 ±0.01 at 90% confidence (2024 estimate) survey trend: 2015-2019 vs 2020-2024 surveys about this metric
Economy

Households receiving SNAP

▼ Lower is better Real improvement
Compared against How peers are chosen →
What changed

SNAP fell 1.5 percentage points between the 2014-2018 and 2019-2023 surveys, from 12.4% to 11.0% - more than the combined survey margin (±1.2pp).

Broader trend
23% of similar-size cities show a real change in the same direction; 27% moved the other way. Duluth started mid-pack and has reached a genuinely better level; worth investigating.
Longer view
Snap fell 2.7 percentage points from 2013 to 2023 (13.6% to 10.9%).
Bright spot 11.0%
20102023
Open in Explorer →
▸ Compare all 31 similar-size cities by change rank
Change is measured between each place's two non-overlapping survey periods against its published margins (90% confidence). significant improvement · significant worsening · not significant (within the margin). Change rank orders every measured change; read it with the dot beside it, ranks among hollow-dot rows are ordering values inside their margins. Today's rank orders current values in the metric's better direction.
Place Latest2019-2023 survey Today's rank Change2014-2018 → 2019-2023 Sig. Change rank History Latest vs. peers
Minnesota ref 7.6% -0.6pp
United States ref 11.8% -0.5pp
Queen Creek, AZ 1.2% 2nd -2.1pp 1st 91% below peers
South Jordan, UT 1.2% 1st -1.2pp 2nd 91% below peers
Franklin, TN 2.5% 4th -1.4pp 3rd 82% below peers
Ogden, UT 11.6% 12th -4.4pp 4th 16% below peers
Daytona Beach, FL 18.7% 25th -6.1pp 5th 36% above peers
Homestead, FL 26.0% 30th -6.7pp 6th 88% above peers
Duluth, MN 10.9% 11th -1.5pp 7th 21% below peers
Medford, OR 21.1% 29th -2.8pp 8th 53% above peers
Auburn, WA 14.5% 18th -1.9pp 9th 5% above peers
Sioux City, IA 13.8% 16th -1.8pp 10th on par with peers
Waukegan, IL 18.5% 24th -2.0pp 11th 34% above peers
Melbourne, FL 11.8% 13th -1.3pp 12th 14% below peers
Mission, TX 20.2% 26th -1.2pp 13th 46% above peers
Warner Robins, GA 14.4% 17th -0.6pp 14th 4% above peers
Kennewick, WA 18.2% 23rd +0.5pp 15th 32% above peers
Deerfield Beach, FL 14.5% 19th +0.4pp 16th 5% above peers
Bloomington, MN 5.9% 7th +0.2pp 17th 57% below peers
Baytown, TX 16.7% 21st +0.8pp 18th 21% above peers
Lawrence, MA 43.9% 31st +3.1pp 19th 218% above peers
Santa Fe, NM 12.4% 15th +1.2pp 20th 10% below peers
Gastonia, NC 20.6% 28th +2.3pp 21st 50% above peers
Danbury, CT 10.9% 10th +1.4pp 22nd 21% below peers
Citrus Heights, CA 12.0% 14th +1.6pp 23rd 13% below peers
Troy, MI 5.2% 5th +0.9pp 24th 62% below peers
South Gate, CA 20.3% 27th +3.6pp 25th 47% above peers
Rancho Cordova, CA 16.9% 22nd +3.0pp 26th 22% above peers
Westminster, CA 14.5% 20th +2.8pp 27th 5% above peers
Lake Forest, CA 5.3% 6th +1.6pp 28th 62% below peers
Santa Barbara, CA 7.3% 9th +2.5pp 29th 47% below peers
San Ramon, CA 2.4% 3rd +1.2pp 30th 83% below peers
Santa Monica, CA 6.0% 8th +3.2pp 31st 57% below peers
▸ Where is this changing? 33 census tracts
Each tract is colored and ranked by its change from 2018 to 2023, between the same two survey periods as the card above, as a share of its own starting level: green tracts improved, red tracts moved the wrong way. Tracts marked * moved less than their own survey margin, so their color is a direction, not a claim. Hover a tract for its numbers and history, or a table row to find that tract on the map; click either for its location or its data in the Explorer.
EconomyHouseholds receiving SNAP
Loading tract map…
2 of 33 tracts cover a shorter window (dashed outline; mostly 2020 boundary changes). Each tract's change uses the same two survey periods as the card above and is judged against the tract's own published margins; tracts marked * moved less than their margin. How the tract view works →
▸

Peers worth a call

3
Cities of similar size (50k-100k) that started mid-pack, like this city, and whose improvement is sustained over several years, larger than the data's normal noise, and big enough to matter. Referral candidates to investigate, not proven interventions. How we pick these →
  • Goose Creek, SC down 5.0pp between its surveys · a larger real gain than 99% of this group · 2018-2023
  • Layton, UT down 4.3pp between its surveys · a larger real gain than 99% of this group · 2018-2023
  • Logan, UT down 5.6pp between its surveys · a larger real gain than 98% of this group · 2018-2023
Census ACS 5-year survey through 2023 ±0.9pp at 90% confidence (2023 estimate) survey trend: 2014-2018 vs 2019-2023 surveys about this metric
See all Economy data →
Housing 6 indicators
Housing

Typical home value

No better direction Rising recently, faster than peers
Compared against How peers are chosen →
What changed

Home value rose about 5% over the 12 months ending August 2026, faster than 97% of similar-size cities.

Broader trend
Multi-year view: home value rose about 5% a year from 2021 to 2026, faster than 77% of similar-size cities.
Longer view
Home value rose about 9% a year from 2016 to 2026.
Latest
Most recent monthly reading: $298,068 in August 2026, up from $283,239 a year earlier.
$298,068
2004August 2026
Open in Explorer →
▸ Compare all 31 similar-size cities by change rank
Place Latest Today's rank Changelast 12 months Change rank History Latest vs. peers
Minnesota ref $350,752 (Aug 26) +2.5%
United States ref $368,697 (Aug 26) +1.2%
Waukegan, IL $247,657 (Aug 26) 27th +6.9% 1st 46% below peers
Duluth, MN $298,068 (Aug 26) 23rd +5.2% 2nd 35% below peers
Westminster, CA $1,095,037 (Aug 26) 5th +4.9% 3rd 139% above peers
Santa Barbara, CA $1,824,406 (Aug 26) 1st +4.5% 4th 298% above peers
Danbury, CT $492,946 (Aug 26) 14th +4.4% 5th 7% above peers
Warner Robins, GA $215,087 (Aug 26) 30th +3.0% 6th 53% below peers
Sioux City, IA $202,482 (Aug 26) 31st +2.7% 7th 56% below peers
Franklin, TN $925,870 (Aug 26) 6th +2.6% 8th 102% above peers
Lawrence, MA $513,746 (Aug 26) 13th +2.4% 9th 12% above peers
Troy, MI $458,678 (Aug 26) 16th +2.2% 10th on par with peers
South Gate, CA $692,930 (Aug 26) 7th +2.1% 11th 51% above peers
Santa Monica, CA $1,667,060 (Aug 26) 2nd +1.8% 12th 263% above peers
South Jordan, UT $661,471 (Aug 26) 8th +1.4% 13th 44% above peers
Bloomington, MN $362,340 (Aug 26) 21st +1.3% 14th 21% below peers
Medford, OR $408,210 (Aug 26) 19th +1.1% 15th 11% below peers
Santa Fe, NM $581,279 (Aug 26) 11th +0.8% 16th 27% above peers
Lake Forest, CA $1,179,160 (Aug 26) 4th +0.7% 17th 157% above peers
Kennewick, WA $431,000 (Aug 26) 18th +0.6% 18th 6% below peers
Queen Creek, AZ $627,355 (Aug 26) 9th +0.1% 19th 37% above peers
Ogden, UT $395,517 (Aug 26) 20th -0.3% 20th 14% below peers
Auburn, WA $598,170 (Aug 26) 10th -0.3% 21st 30% above peers
Gastonia, NC $275,364 (Aug 26) 24th -0.4% 22nd 40% below peers
Citrus Heights, CA $470,694 (Aug 26) 15th -0.7% 23rd 3% above peers
Mission, TX $219,583 (Aug 26) 29th -0.9% 24th 52% below peers
Melbourne, FL $356,996 (Aug 26) 22nd -1.0% 25th 22% below peers
Baytown, TX $245,229 (Aug 26) 28th -1.0% 26th 47% below peers
Rancho Cordova, CA $528,885 (Aug 26) 12th -1.8% 27th 15% above peers
Daytona Beach, FL $252,622 (Aug 26) 26th -2.3% 28th 45% below peers
Deerfield Beach, FL $272,563 (Aug 26) 25th -3.0% 29th 41% below peers
Homestead, FL $434,225 (Aug 26) 17th -3.5% 30th 5% below peers
San Ramon, CA $1,451,174 (Aug 26) 3rd -3.6% 31st 216% above peers
Zillow Home Value Index through 2026-08 modeled trend: robust fit about this metric
Housing

Starter home value (bottom tier)

No better direction Rising recently, faster than peers
Compared against How peers are chosen →
What changed

Starter homes rose about 7% over the 12 months ending August 2026, faster than 97% of similar-size cities.

Broader trend
Multi-year view: starter homes rose about 6% a year from 2021 to 2026, faster than 77% of similar-size cities.
Longer view
Starter homes rose about 11% a year from 2016 to 2026.
Latest
Most recent monthly reading: $202,793 in August 2026, up from $189,784 a year earlier.
$202,793
2004August 2026
Open in Explorer →
▸ Compare all 31 similar-size cities by change rank
Place Latest Today's rank Changelast 12 months Change rank History Latest vs. peers
Minnesota ref $221,287 (Aug 26) +2.8%
United States ref $200,550 (Aug 26) +2.2%
Waukegan, IL $201,000 (Aug 26) 24th +10.4% 1st 41% below peers
Duluth, MN $202,793 (Aug 26) 23rd +6.9% 2nd 40% below peers
Westminster, CA $928,858 (Aug 26) 4th +5.0% 3rd 174% above peers
Santa Barbara, CA $1,216,561 (Aug 26) 1st +4.6% 4th 260% above peers
Danbury, CT $338,397 (Aug 26) 16th +4.2% 5th on par with peers
Sioux City, IA $135,509 (Aug 26) 29th +4.0% 6th 60% below peers
Lawrence, MA $373,423 (Aug 26) 14th +3.0% 7th 10% above peers
Warner Robins, GA $134,103 (Aug 26) 30th +2.9% 8th 60% below peers
Franklin, TN $606,342 (Aug 26) 7th +2.9% 9th 79% above peers
South Gate, CA $628,812 (Aug 26) 6th +2.5% 10th 86% above peers
Troy, MI $330,983 (Aug 26) 17th +2.5% 11th 2% below peers
Mission, TX $145,560 (Aug 26) 27th +1.8% 12th 57% below peers
Kennewick, WA $340,031 (Aug 26) 15th +1.4% 13th on par with peers
Santa Fe, NM $402,732 (Aug 26) 12th +1.3% 14th 19% above peers
Bloomington, MN $267,412 (Aug 26) 21st +1.3% 15th 21% below peers
South Jordan, UT $497,273 (Aug 26) 8th +0.8% 16th 47% above peers
Medford, OR $320,741 (Aug 26) 19th +0.8% 17th 5% below peers
Ogden, UT $316,340 (Aug 26) 20th +0.1% 18th 7% below peers
Auburn, WA $456,725 (Aug 26) 10th -0.2% 19th 35% above peers
Santa Monica, CA $938,358 (Aug 26) 3rd -0.4% 20th 177% above peers
Rancho Cordova, CA $430,500 (Aug 26) 11th -0.6% 21st 27% above peers
Lake Forest, CA $739,173 (Aug 26) 5th -0.7% 22nd 118% above peers
Queen Creek, AZ $476,013 (Aug 26) 9th -0.8% 23rd 41% above peers
Gastonia, NC $177,036 (Aug 26) 25th -0.8% 24th 48% below peers
Citrus Heights, CA $391,781 (Aug 26) 13th -1.2% 25th 16% above peers
Melbourne, FL $229,961 (Aug 26) 22nd -1.4% 26th 32% below peers
Baytown, TX $172,044 (Aug 26) 26th -1.7% 27th 49% below peers
San Ramon, CA $941,579 (Aug 26) 2nd -3.7% 28th 178% above peers
Daytona Beach, FL $136,833 (Aug 26) 28th -3.8% 29th 60% below peers
Homestead, FL $320,821 (Aug 26) 18th -4.5% 30th 5% below peers
Deerfield Beach, FL $122,749 (Aug 26) 31st -7.9% 31st 64% below peers
Zillow Home Value Index through 2026-08 modeled trend: robust fit about this metric
Housing

Homeownership rate

▲ Higher is better Turning down (early signal)
Compared against How peers are chosen →
What changed

Homeownership changed less than the survey can measure between the 2015-2019 and 2020-2024 surveys (60.4% then, 59.4% now; margin ±1.6pp). The newest releases lean downward: each of the last 3 annual updates moved the 5-year average the same way - an early signal, not a measured change.*

Broader trend
47% of similar-size cities show a real change in either direction.
Longer view
Homeownership fell 0.4 percentage points from 2014 to 2024 (59.8% to 59.4%).
Needs attention 59.4%
20112024
Open in Explorer →
▸ Compare all 31 similar-size cities by change rank
Change is measured between each place's two non-overlapping survey periods against its published margins (90% confidence). significant improvement · significant worsening · not significant (within the margin). Change rank orders every measured change; read it with the dot beside it, ranks among hollow-dot rows are ordering values inside their margins. Today's rank orders current values in the metric's better direction.
Place Latest2020-2024 survey Today's rank Change2015-2019 → 2020-2024 Sig. Change rank History Latest vs. peers
Minnesota ref 72.2% +0.6pp
United States ref 65.2%
Homestead, FL 48.3% 26th +7.4pp 1st 19% below peers
Medford, OR 56.3% 19th +4.9pp 2nd 6% below peers
Waukegan, IL 50.2% 25th +3.7pp 3rd 16% below peers
Daytona Beach, FL 47.5% 27th +3.5pp 4th 20% below peers
Deerfield Beach, FL 63.9% 9th +4.4pp 5th 7% above peers
Citrus Heights, CA 60.7% 14th +3.9pp 6th 2% above peers
Ogden, UT 61.3% 13th +3.5pp 7th 3% above peers
Rancho Cordova, CA 58.2% 18th +3.2pp 8th 3% below peers
South Gate, CA 45.3% 28th +2.5pp 9th 24% below peers
Mission, TX 71.4% 4th +3.7pp 10th 20% above peers
Warner Robins, GA 53.5% 22nd +2.7pp 11th 10% below peers
Queen Creek, AZ 90.2% 1st +3.5pp 12th 51% above peers
Sioux City, IA 65.3% 8th +2.5pp 13th 9% above peers
Melbourne, FL 59.7% 16th +1.6pp 14th on par with peers
Westminster, CA 53.4% 23rd +1.4pp 15th 11% below peers
Auburn, WA 60.6% 15th +1.5pp 16th 1% above peers
Lake Forest, CA 70.5% 6th +1.2pp 17th 18% above peers
Santa Fe, NM 63.6% 11th +0.9pp 18th 6% above peers
Gastonia, NC 54.2% 20th +0.5pp 19th 9% below peers
South Jordan, UT 81.4% 2nd +0.5pp 20th 36% above peers
Troy, MI 73.2% 3rd -0.5pp 21st 23% above peers
Duluth, MN 59.4% 17th -1.0pp 22nd 1% below peers
Santa Barbara, CA 39.9% 29th -0.8pp 23rd 33% below peers
San Ramon, CA 70.9% 5th -1.5pp 24th 19% above peers
Bloomington, MN 65.8% 7th -1.5pp 25th 10% above peers
Kennewick, WA 61.3% 12th -2.1pp 26th 3% above peers
Santa Monica, CA 27.9% 31st -1.1pp 27th 53% below peers
Franklin, TN 63.8% 10th -2.6pp 28th 7% above peers
Danbury, CT 53.8% 21st -4.3pp 29th 10% below peers
Baytown, TX 52.3% 24th -4.5pp 30th 12% below peers
Lawrence, MA 28.1% 30th -3.0pp 31st 53% below peers
▸ Where is this changing? 33 census tracts
Each tract is colored and ranked by its change from 2019 to 2024, between the same two survey periods as the card above, as a share of its own starting level: green tracts improved, red tracts moved the wrong way. Tracts marked * moved less than their own survey margin, so their color is a direction, not a claim. Hover a tract for its numbers and history, or a table row to find that tract on the map; click either for its location or its data in the Explorer.
HousingHomeownership rate
Loading tract map…
2 of 33 tracts cover a shorter window (dashed outline; mostly 2020 boundary changes). Each tract's change uses the same two survey periods as the card above and is judged against the tract's own published margins; tracts marked * moved less than their margin. How the tract view works →
▸ Break down by group Race · ACS 2024
Loading breakdown…
How breakdowns work →
Census ACS 5-year survey through 2024 ±1.2pp at 90% confidence (2024 estimate) survey trend: 2015-2019 vs 2020-2024 surveys *Early signal: consecutive releases agree on direction only; the size of the newest movement is not measurable from overlapping surveys. about this metric
Housing

Typical asking rent

No better direction Rising recently
Compared against How peers are chosen →
What changed

Rent rose about 3% over the 12 months ending August 2026, faster than 60% of similar-size cities.

Broader trend
Multi-year view: rent rose about 5% a year from 2021 to 2026, faster than 86% of similar-size cities.
Longer view
Rent rose about 6% a year from 2018 to 2026.
Latest
Most recent monthly reading: $1,428 in August 2026, up from $1,388 a year earlier.
Big move $1,428
2018August 2026
Open in Explorer →
▸ Compare all 31 similar-size cities by change rank
Place Latest Today's rank Changelast 12 months Change rank History Latest vs. peers
United States ref $1,948 (Aug 26) +2.5%
Westminster, CA $2,787 (Aug 26) 5th +4.3% 1st 45% above peers
San Ramon, CA $3,246 (Aug 26) 3rd +4.1% 2nd 69% above peers
Sioux City, IA $1,275 (Aug 26) 31st +3.5% 3rd 34% below peers
South Gate, CA $2,228 (Aug 26) 11th +3.4% 4th 16% above peers
Lake Forest, CA $3,195 (Aug 26) 4th +3.3% 5th 66% above peers
South Jordan, UT $2,074 (Aug 26) 14th +3.1% 6th 8% above peers
Medford, OR $1,678 (Aug 26) 22nd +3.1% 7th 13% below peers
Santa Barbara, CA $3,692 (Aug 26) 1st +3.1% 8th 92% above peers
Bloomington, MN $1,693 (Aug 26) 20th +3.1% 9th 12% below peers
Troy, MI $1,882 (Aug 26) 18th +3.0% 10th 2% below peers
Auburn, WA $2,001 (Aug 26) 15th +2.9% 11th 4% above peers
Warner Robins, GA $1,425 (Aug 26) 28th +2.9% 12th 26% below peers
Duluth, MN $1,428 (Aug 26) 27th +2.9% 13th 26% below peers
Waukegan, IL $1,687 (Aug 26) 21st +2.9% 14th 12% below peers
Lawrence, MA $2,380 (Aug 26) 10th +2.6% 15th 24% above peers
Rancho Cordova, CA $2,422 (Aug 26) 9th +2.5% 16th 26% above peers
Danbury, CT $2,546 (Aug 26) 6th +1.9% 17th 32% above peers
Baytown, TX $1,549 (Aug 26) 24th +1.8% 18th 20% below peers
Franklin, TN $2,074 (Aug 26) 13th +1.5% 19th 8% above peers
Santa Monica, CA $3,438 (Aug 26) 2nd +1.4% 20th 79% above peers
Kennewick, WA $1,676 (Aug 26) 23rd +1.4% 21st 13% below peers
Ogden, UT $1,305 (Aug 26) 30th +1.4% 22nd 32% below peers
Deerfield Beach, FL $2,426 (Aug 26) 8th +1.3% 23rd 26% above peers
Gastonia, NC $1,501 (Aug 26) 26th +1.1% 24th 22% below peers
Queen Creek, AZ $2,190 (Aug 26) 12th +1.0% 25th 14% above peers
Citrus Heights, CA $1,904 (Aug 26) 17th +0.9% 26th 1% below peers
Daytona Beach, FL $1,533 (Aug 26) 25th +0.8% 27th 20% below peers
Santa Fe, NM $1,925 (Aug 26) 16th +0.4% 28th on par with peers
Homestead, FL $2,469 (Aug 26) 7th -0.2% 29th 28% above peers
Melbourne, FL $1,823 (Aug 26) 19th -0.7% 30th 5% below peers
Mission, TX $1,351 (Aug 26) 29th -0.9% 31st 30% below peers
Zillow Observed Rent Index through 2026-08 modeled trend: robust fit about this metric
Housing

Housing cost-burdened households

▼ Lower is better No measurable change
Compared against How peers are chosen →
What changed

Cost burden changed less than the survey can measure between the 2015-2019 and 2020-2024 surveys (31.4% then, 32.8% now; margin ±2.3pp).

Broader trend
20% of similar-size cities show a real change in either direction.
Longer view
Cost burden fell 3.9 percentage points from 2014 to 2024 (36.6% to 32.8%).
Bright spot 32.8%
20102024
Open in Explorer →
▸ Compare all 31 similar-size cities by change rank
Change is measured between each place's two non-overlapping survey periods against its published margins (90% confidence). significant improvement · significant worsening · not significant (within the margin). Change rank orders every measured change; read it with the dot beside it, ranks among hollow-dot rows are ordering values inside their margins. Today's rank orders current values in the metric's better direction.
Place Latest2020-2024 survey Today's rank Change2015-2019 → 2020-2024 Sig. Change rank History Latest vs. peers
Minnesota ref 27.1% +1.2pp
United States ref 32.2% +0.4pp
Queen Creek, AZ 22.1% 2nd -3.9pp 1st 42% below peers
Waukegan, IL 34.2% 13th -5.4pp 2nd 10% below peers
South Gate, CA 45.1% 26th -5.8pp 3rd 18% above peers
Mission, TX 29.2% 6th -3.5pp 4th 23% below peers
Medford, OR 39.9% 21st -1.2pp 5th 5% above peers
Homestead, FL 51.7% 30th -1.3pp 6th 36% above peers
Santa Barbara, CA 45.3% 27th -0.6pp 7th 19% above peers
Daytona Beach, FL 44.1% 25th -0.5pp 8th 16% above peers
Rancho Cordova, CA 38.6% 18th -0.4pp 9th 1% above peers
Warner Robins, GA 31.4% 8th -0.2pp 10th 18% below peers
Citrus Heights, CA 40.5% 22nd +0.6pp 11th 6% above peers
Danbury, CT 41.7% 23rd +0.8pp 12th 9% above peers
Santa Monica, CA 42.5% 24th +1.0pp 13th 12% above peers
Lawrence, MA 54.2% 31st +1.4pp 14th 42% above peers
San Ramon, CA 33.7% 12th +1.0pp 15th 12% below peers
Westminster, CA 47.5% 28th +1.4pp 16th 25% above peers
Duluth, MN 32.8% 10th +1.3pp 17th 14% below peers
Lake Forest, CA 38.6% 19th +1.6pp 18th 1% above peers
Kennewick, WA 32.0% 9th +1.5pp 19th 16% below peers
Santa Fe, NM 35.7% 14th +1.7pp 20th 6% below peers
Bloomington, MN 28.9% 5th +1.6pp 21st 24% below peers
Deerfield Beach, FL 48.2% 29th +2.9pp 22nd 26% above peers
Auburn, WA 38.1% 16th +2.7pp 23rd on par with peers
Gastonia, NC 36.9% 15th +2.7pp 24th 3% below peers
Troy, MI 20.9% 1st +1.7pp 25th 45% below peers
Sioux City, IA 26.3% 4th +2.2pp 26th 31% below peers
Melbourne, FL 38.5% 17th +3.4pp 27th 1% above peers
South Jordan, UT 22.7% 3rd +2.1pp 28th 40% below peers
Ogden, UT 33.4% 11th +3.4pp 29th 12% below peers
Franklin, TN 29.7% 7th +5.4pp 30th 22% below peers
Baytown, TX 38.9% 20th +9.6pp 31st 2% above peers
▸ Where is this changing? 33 census tracts
Each tract is colored and ranked by its change from 2019 to 2024, between the same two survey periods as the card above, as a share of its own starting level: green tracts improved, red tracts moved the wrong way. Tracts marked * moved less than their own survey margin, so their color is a direction, not a claim. Hover a tract for its numbers and history, or a table row to find that tract on the map; click either for its location or its data in the Explorer.
HousingHousing cost-burdened households
Loading tract map…
2 of 33 tracts cover a shorter window (dashed outline; mostly 2020 boundary changes). Each tract's change uses the same two survey periods as the card above and is judged against the tract's own published margins; tracts marked * moved less than their margin. How the tract view works →
▸

Peers worth a call

2
Cities of similar size (50k-100k) that started in the strongest third, like this city, and whose improvement is sustained over several years, larger than the data's normal noise, and big enough to matter. Referral candidates to investigate, not proven interventions. How we pick these →
  • Appleton, WI down 3.5pp between its surveys · a larger real gain than 96% of this group · 2019-2024
  • Decatur, IL down 3.0pp between its surveys · a larger real gain than 93% of this group · 2019-2024
Census ACS 5-year survey (tables B25070 + B25091) through 2024 ±1.8pp at 90% confidence (2024 estimate) survey trend: 2015-2019 vs 2020-2024 surveys about this metric
Housing

Households without a vehicle

▼ Lower is better No measurable change
Compared against How peers are chosen →
What changed

No vehicle changed less than the survey can measure between the 2015-2019 and 2020-2024 surveys (11.4% then, 10.2% now; margin ±1.4pp).

Broader trend
23% of similar-size cities show a real change in either direction.
Longer view
No vehicle fell 3.3 percentage points from 2014 to 2024 (13.4% to 10.2%).
Needs attention 10.2%
20102024
Open in Explorer →
▸ Compare all 31 similar-size cities by change rank
Change is measured between each place's two non-overlapping survey periods against its published margins (90% confidence). significant improvement · significant worsening · not significant (within the margin). Change rank orders every measured change; read it with the dot beside it, ranks among hollow-dot rows are ordering values inside their margins. Today's rank orders current values in the metric's better direction.
Place Latest2020-2024 survey Today's rank Change2015-2019 → 2020-2024 Sig. Change rank History Latest vs. peers
Minnesota ref 6.7% -0.0pp
United States ref 8.3% -0.3pp
Sioux City, IA 7.0% 15th -2.1pp 1st 7% below peers
Medford, OR 6.8% 12th -2.0pp 2nd 10% below peers
Citrus Heights, CA 4.1% 5th -1.1pp 3rd 46% below peers
Homestead, FL 8.0% 20th -2.1pp 4th 6% above peers
Lake Forest, CA 2.4% 2nd -0.6pp 5th 68% below peers
Waukegan, IL 8.4% 22nd -1.9pp 6th 11% above peers
Lawrence, MA 20.3% 31st -3.9pp 7th 169% above peers
Daytona Beach, FL 11.3% 29th -2.0pp 8th 49% above peers
Duluth, MN 10.2% 28th -1.2pp 9th 35% above peers
Santa Fe, NM 4.5% 6th -0.5pp 10th 41% below peers
Auburn, WA 6.9% 13th -0.6pp 11th 9% below peers
Deerfield Beach, FL 9.4% 27th -0.6pp 12th 25% above peers
Santa Barbara, CA 7.9% 19th -0.3pp 13th 5% above peers
Melbourne, FL 8.7% 23rd -0.3pp 14th 15% above peers
South Gate, CA 7.7% 17th -0.3pp 15th 1% above peers
Rancho Cordova, CA 7.0% 14th -0.2pp 16th 8% below peers
Ogden, UT 8.9% 26th +0.0pp 17th 18% above peers
Franklin, TN 3.1% 3rd +0.0pp 18th 59% below peers
Danbury, CT 8.4% 21st +0.5pp 19th 11% above peers
Mission, TX 5.5% 9th +0.3pp 20th 27% below peers
Santa Monica, CA 11.4% 30th +0.9pp 21st 51% above peers
Warner Robins, GA 5.7% 10th +0.5pp 22nd 25% below peers
Gastonia, NC 7.9% 18th +0.8pp 23rd 5% above peers
Westminster, CA 7.6% 16th +0.8pp 24th on par with peers
Troy, MI 4.6% 7th +0.6pp 25th 40% below peers
Bloomington, MN 6.8% 11th +0.9pp 26th 11% below peers
San Ramon, CA 3.7% 4th +0.5pp 27th 51% below peers
South Jordan, UT 4.8% 8th +1.0pp 28th 37% below peers
Baytown, TX 8.7% 24th +2.1pp 29th 16% above peers
Kennewick, WA 8.9% 25th +2.5pp 30th 17% above peers
Queen Creek, AZ 1.6% 1st +1.1pp 31st 79% below peers
▸ Where is this changing? 33 census tracts
Each tract is colored and ranked by its change from 2019 to 2024, between the same two survey periods as the card above, as a share of its own starting level: green tracts improved, red tracts moved the wrong way. Tracts marked * moved less than their own survey margin, so their color is a direction, not a claim. Hover a tract for its numbers and history, or a table row to find that tract on the map; click either for its location or its data in the Explorer.
HousingHouseholds without a vehicle
Loading tract map…
2 of 33 tracts cover a shorter window (dashed outline; mostly 2020 boundary changes). Each tract's change uses the same two survey periods as the card above and is judged against the tract's own published margins; tracts marked * moved less than their margin. How the tract view works →
▸

Peers worth a call

3
Cities of similar size (50k-100k) that started in the weakest third, like this city, and whose improvement is sustained over several years, larger than the data's normal noise, and big enough to matter. Referral candidates to investigate, not proven interventions. How we pick these →
  • Manhattan, KS down 4.1pp between its surveys · a larger real gain than 100% of this group · 2019-2024
  • Racine, WI down 5.4pp between its surveys · a larger real gain than 98% of this group · 2019-2024
  • Plainfield, NJ down 8.3pp between its surveys · a larger real gain than 98% of this group · 2019-2024
Census ACS 5-year survey (table B08201) through 2024 ±1.2pp at 90% confidence (2024 estimate) survey trend: 2015-2019 vs 2020-2024 surveys about this metric
See all Housing data →
Health 3 indicators
Health

People without health insurance

▼ Lower is better Worsening
Compared against How peers are chosen →
What changed

Uninsured rose 0.9 percentage points between the 2015-2019 and 2020-2024 surveys, from 3.7% to 4.6% - more than the combined survey margin (±0.7pp). That reverses the previous span, which went down between the 2010-2014 and 2015-2019 surveys. That is movement in the wrong direction.

Broader trend
10% of similar-size cities show a real change in the same direction; 40% moved the other way.
Longer view
Uninsured fell 2.0 percentage points from 2014 to 2024 (6.5% to 4.6%).
Needs attention 4.6%
20132024
Open in Explorer →
▸ Compare all 31 similar-size cities by change rank
Change is measured between each place's two non-overlapping survey periods against its published margins (90% confidence). significant improvement · significant worsening · not significant (within the margin). Change rank orders every measured change; read it with the dot beside it, ranks among hollow-dot rows are ordering values inside their margins. Today's rank orders current values in the metric's better direction.
Place Latest2020-2024 survey Today's rank Change2015-2019 → 2020-2024 Sig. Change rank History Latest vs. peers
Minnesota ref 4.7% +0.2pp
United States ref 8.4% -0.4pp
Medford, OR 5.7% 11th -3.4pp 1st 32% below peers
Lake Forest, CA 4.1% 4th -1.9pp 2nd 51% below peers
Franklin, TN 4.7% 7th -1.5pp 3rd 44% below peers
Santa Fe, NM 10.0% 20th -3.1pp 4th 19% above peers
Santa Monica, CA 3.5% 3rd -1.0pp 5th 58% below peers
Rancho Cordova, CA 5.0% 8th -1.4pp 6th 41% below peers
Melbourne, FL 9.8% 19th -2.4pp 7th 17% above peers
Lawrence, MA 5.5% 9th -1.2pp 8th 34% below peers
Santa Barbara, CA 8.2% 15th -1.8pp 9th 2% below peers
Daytona Beach, FL 12.5% 22nd -2.6pp 10th 50% above peers
San Ramon, CA 1.9% 1st -0.4pp 11th 77% below peers
South Gate, CA 12.8% 23rd -2.3pp 12th 53% above peers
Homestead, FL 19.7% 29th -2.9pp 13th 136% above peers
Warner Robins, GA 12.0% 21st -1.7pp 14th 43% above peers
Deerfield Beach, FL 16.9% 28th -1.8pp 15th 103% above peers
Danbury, CT 14.8% 26th -1.5pp 16th 77% above peers
Westminster, CA 6.2% 13th -0.5pp 17th 25% below peers
South Jordan, UT 4.1% 5th -0.2pp 18th 51% below peers
Mission, TX 26.5% 30th -1.3pp 19th 217% above peers
Ogden, UT 13.7% 25th -0.1pp 20th 64% above peers
Waukegan, IL 16.0% 27th -0.1pp 21st 91% above peers
Auburn, WA 8.4% 17th +0.0pp 22nd 1% above peers
Troy, MI 2.8% 2nd +0.0pp 23rd 67% below peers
Kennewick, WA 8.8% 18th +0.7pp 24th 5% above peers
Bloomington, MN 5.6% 10th +0.5pp 25th 33% below peers
Citrus Heights, CA 6.7% 14th +0.8pp 26th 20% below peers
Queen Creek, AZ 5.8% 12th +0.8pp 27th 31% below peers
Duluth, MN 4.6% 6th +0.9pp 28th 45% below peers
Baytown, TX 27.9% 31st +6.0pp 29th 233% above peers
Sioux City, IA 8.4% 16th +1.9pp 30th on par with peers
Gastonia, NC 12.9% 24th +3.3pp 31st 54% above peers
▸ Where is this changing? 33 census tracts
Each tract is colored and ranked by its change from 2019 to 2024, between the same two survey periods as the card above, as a share of its own starting level: green tracts improved, red tracts moved the wrong way. Tracts marked * moved less than their own survey margin, so their color is a direction, not a claim. Hover a tract for its numbers and history, or a table row to find that tract on the map; click either for its location or its data in the Explorer.
HealthPeople without health insurance
Loading tract map…
2 of 33 tracts cover a shorter window (dashed outline; mostly 2020 boundary changes). Each tract's change uses the same two survey periods as the card above and is judged against the tract's own published margins; tracts marked * moved less than their margin. How the tract view works →
▸ Break down by group Race · Age · Sex · ACS 2024
Loading breakdown…
How breakdowns work →
▸

Peers worth a call

3
Cities of similar size (50k-100k) that started in the strongest third, like this city, and whose improvement is sustained over several years, larger than the data's normal noise, and big enough to matter. Referral candidates to investigate, not proven interventions. How we pick these →
  • Mountain View, CA down 2.6pp between its surveys · a larger real gain than 100% of this group · 2019-2024
  • Brookline, MA down 1.1pp between its surveys · a larger real gain than 100% of this group · 2019-2024
  • Minnetonka, MN down 1.2pp between its surveys · a larger real gain than 99% of this group · 2019-2024
Census ACS 5-year survey through 2024 ±0.6pp at 90% confidence (2024 estimate) survey trend: 2015-2019 vs 2020-2024 surveys about this metric
Health

Adult obesity

▼ Lower is better Level only
Compared against How peers are chosen →
What changed

Adult obesity is somewhat above the peer median.

37.3%
20202022
Open in Explorer →
▸ Compare all 31 similar-size cities best first
Place Latest Today's rank History Latest vs. peers
Minnesota ref 33.9%
United States ref 33.4%
San Ramon, CA 20.5% 1st 37% below peers
Westminster, CA 22.9% 2nd 30% below peers
Santa Monica, CA 23.0% 3rd 29% below peers
Santa Fe, NM 24.0% 4th 26% below peers
Lake Forest, CA 24.5% 5th 25% below peers
Troy, MI 24.9% 6th 23% below peers
Bloomington, MN 27.2% 7th 16% below peers
Danbury, CT 27.6% 8th 15% below peers
Auburn, WA 27.7% 9th 15% below peers
Franklin, TN 28.8% 10th 11% below peers
South Jordan, UT 30.2% 11th 7% below peers
Queen Creek, AZ 31.3% 12th 4% below peers
Santa Barbara, CA 31.5% 13th 3% below peers
South Gate, CA 31.6% 14th 3% below peers
Homestead, FL 31.8% 15th 2% below peers
Deerfield Beach, FL 32.5% 16th on par with peers
Rancho Cordova, CA 34.2% 17th 5% above peers
Melbourne, FL 34.2% 18th 5% above peers
Medford, OR 35.5% 19th 9% above peers
Citrus Heights, CA 35.6% 20th 10% above peers
Duluth, MN 37.3% 21st 15% above peers
Baytown, TX 37.4% 22nd 15% above peers
Ogden, UT 37.6% 23rd 16% above peers
Daytona Beach, FL 38.0% 24th 17% above peers
Gastonia, NC 38.0% 25th 17% above peers
Lawrence, MA 38.1% 26th 17% above peers
Waukegan, IL 38.4% 27th 18% above peers
Sioux City, IA 39.9% 28th 23% above peers
Warner Robins, GA 41.2% 29th 27% above peers
Kennewick, WA 41.7% 30th 28% above peers
Mission, TX 44.7% 31st 38% above peers
CDC PLACES through 2022 modeled tract map about this metric
Health

Children without health insurance

▼ Lower is better No measurable change
Compared against How peers are chosen →
What changed

Child uninsured changed less than the survey can measure between the 2015-2019 and 2020-2024 surveys (1.8% then, 2.2% now; margin ±1.0pp).

Broader trend
37% of similar-size cities show a real change in either direction.
Longer view
Child uninsured fell 1.8 percentage points from 2014 to 2024 (4.1% to 2.2%).
Bright spot 2.2%
20122024
Open in Explorer →
▸ Compare all 31 similar-size cities by change rank
Change is measured between each place's two non-overlapping survey periods against its published margins (90% confidence). significant improvement · significant worsening · not significant (within the margin). Change rank orders every measured change; read it with the dot beside it, ranks among hollow-dot rows are ordering values inside their margins. Today's rank orders current values in the metric's better direction.
Place Latest2020-2024 survey Today's rank Change2015-2019 → 2020-2024 Sig. Change rank History Latest vs. peers
Minnesota ref 3.4% -0.0pp
United States ref 5.5% +0.4pp
Lake Forest, CA 0.8% 1st -3.5pp 1st 84% below peers
Franklin, TN 1.6% 3rd -2.0pp 2nd 69% below peers
Santa Fe, NM 5.4% 20th -5.2pp 3rd 6% above peers
Santa Monica, CA 2.2% 6th -2.0pp 4th 57% below peers
Lawrence, MA 1.7% 4th -1.4pp 5th 66% below peers
Auburn, WA 3.1% 12th -2.4pp 6th 39% below peers
Medford, OR 2.9% 10th -1.6pp 7th 43% below peers
South Gate, CA 4.2% 15th -2.1pp 8th 19% below peers
Warner Robins, GA 6.2% 22nd -2.5pp 9th 20% above peers
Bloomington, MN 5.4% 19th -1.2pp 10th 5% above peers
Daytona Beach, FL 5.1% 16th -1.1pp 11th on par with peers
Santa Barbara, CA 5.2% 17th -0.9pp 12th 1% above peers
San Ramon, CA 1.4% 2nd -0.2pp 13th 74% below peers
Waukegan, IL 5.8% 21st -0.3pp 14th 13% above peers
Rancho Cordova, CA 2.7% 8th -0.1pp 15th 47% below peers
Ogden, UT 9.0% 25th -0.2pp 16th 75% above peers
Citrus Heights, CA 2.0% 5th +0.0pp 17th 60% below peers
Danbury, CT 11.3% 28th +0.2pp 18th 121% above peers
South Jordan, UT 3.5% 13th +0.1pp 19th 33% below peers
Westminster, CA 3.1% 11th +0.3pp 20th 39% below peers
Deerfield Beach, FL 13.6% 29th +2.4pp 21st 164% above peers
Mission, TX 19.2% 30th +3.6pp 22nd 275% above peers
Duluth, MN 2.2% 7th +0.4pp 23rd 56% below peers
Troy, MI 2.8% 9th +0.5pp 24th 46% below peers
Homestead, FL 10.2% 26th +2.0pp 25th 98% above peers
Melbourne, FL 7.0% 24th +2.7pp 26th 36% above peers
Baytown, TX 22.7% 31st +9.5pp 27th 343% above peers
Queen Creek, AZ 6.6% 23rd +3.2pp 28th 28% above peers
Sioux City, IA 5.3% 18th +3.2pp 29th 4% above peers
Gastonia, NC 10.6% 27th +6.6pp 30th 107% above peers
Kennewick, WA 4.0% 14th +2.7pp 31st 23% below peers
▸ Where is this changing? 33 census tracts
Each tract is colored and ranked by its change from 2019 to 2024, between the same two survey periods as the card above, as a share of its own starting level: green tracts improved, red tracts moved the wrong way. Tracts marked * moved less than their own survey margin, so their color is a direction, not a claim. Hover a tract for its numbers and history, or a table row to find that tract on the map; click either for its location or its data in the Explorer.
HealthChildren without health insurance
Loading tract map…
2 of 33 tracts cover a shorter window (dashed outline; mostly 2020 boundary changes). Each tract's change uses the same two survey periods as the card above and is judged against the tract's own published margins; tracts marked * moved less than their margin. How the tract view works →
▸

Peers worth a call

3
Cities of similar size (50k-100k) that started in the strongest third, like this city, and whose improvement is sustained over several years, larger than the data's normal noise, and big enough to matter. Referral candidates to investigate, not proven interventions. How we pick these →
  • Newport Beach, CA down 1.3pp between its surveys · a larger real gain than 100% of this group · 2019-2024
  • Royal Oak, MI down 1.5pp between its surveys · a larger real gain than 99% of this group · 2019-2024
  • Troy, NY down 1.7pp between its surveys · a larger real gain than 97% of this group · 2019-2024
Census ACS 5-year survey (table B27001) through 2024 ±0.8pp at 90% confidence (2024 estimate) survey trend: 2015-2019 vs 2020-2024 surveys about this metric
See all Health data →
Education 3 indicators
Education

Adults with a bachelor's degree or higher

▲ Higher is better Real improvement
Compared against How peers are chosen →
What changed

College attainment rose 6.1 percentage points between the 2015-2019 and 2020-2024 surveys, from 37.9% to 44.0% - more than the combined survey margin (±2.0pp).

Broader trend
57% of similar-size cities show a real change in the same direction. Duluth started among the stronger third of similar-size cities and kept improving; worth investigating.
Longer view
College attainment rose 11.3 percentage points from 2014 to 2024 (32.7% to 44.0%).
Bright spot 44.0%
20102024
Open in Explorer →
▸ Compare all 31 similar-size cities by change rank
Change is measured between each place's two non-overlapping survey periods against its published margins (90% confidence). significant improvement · significant worsening · not significant (within the margin). Change rank orders every measured change; read it with the dot beside it, ranks among hollow-dot rows are ordering values inside their margins. Today's rank orders current values in the metric's better direction.
Place Latest2020-2024 survey Today's rank Change2015-2019 → 2020-2024 Sig. Change rank History Latest vs. peers
Minnesota ref 39.4% +3.3pp
United States ref 35.7% +3.5pp
Lawrence, MA 16.8% 29th +6.0pp 1st 44% below peers
Ogden, UT 25.9% 22nd +5.1pp 2nd 14% below peers
Melbourne, FL 34.7% 12th +6.2pp 3rd 15% above peers
Daytona Beach, FL 27.8% 19th +4.7pp 4th 8% below peers
Waukegan, IL 20.9% 28th +3.5pp 5th 30% below peers
South Gate, CA 11.3% 31st +1.8pp 6th 62% below peers
Medford, OR 30.1% 16th +4.9pp 7th on par with peers
Rancho Cordova, CA 32.1% 14th +5.2pp 8th 7% above peers
Queen Creek, AZ 45.0% 10th +6.8pp 9th 50% above peers
Citrus Heights, CA 23.9% 26th +3.6pp 10th 20% below peers
Duluth, MN 44.0% 11th +6.1pp 11th 46% above peers
Santa Fe, NM 47.8% 8th +6.1pp 12th 59% above peers
Mission, TX 29.4% 17th +3.5pp 13th 2% below peers
South Jordan, UT 47.9% 7th +5.6pp 14th 59% above peers
Homestead, FL 24.9% 25th +2.8pp 15th 17% below peers
Warner Robins, GA 31.1% 15th +3.1pp 16th 3% above peers
Bloomington, MN 46.2% 9th +4.2pp 17th 53% above peers
Gastonia, NC 26.6% 20th +2.4pp 18th 12% below peers
Deerfield Beach, FL 28.8% 18th +2.1pp 19th 4% below peers
Danbury, CT 34.0% 13th +2.2pp 20th 13% above peers
Troy, MI 64.8% 3rd +4.0pp 21st 115% above peers
Santa Barbara, CA 51.9% 5th +2.7pp 22nd 73% above peers
Franklin, TN 64.5% 4th +3.0pp 23rd 114% above peers
Lake Forest, CA 50.8% 6th +2.1pp 24th 69% above peers
Santa Monica, CA 70.7% 2nd +2.8pp 25th 135% above peers
Sioux City, IA 22.9% 27th +0.8pp 26th 24% below peers
Kennewick, WA 26.2% 21st +0.6pp 27th 13% below peers
San Ramon, CA 71.6% 1st +1.0pp 28th 138% above peers
Baytown, TX 14.8% 30th -0.2pp 29th 51% below peers
Auburn, WA 25.6% 24th -0.8pp 30th 15% below peers
Westminster, CA 25.9% 23rd -1.2pp 31st 14% below peers
▸ Where is this changing? 33 census tracts
Each tract is colored and ranked by its change from 2019 to 2024, between the same two survey periods as the card above, as a share of its own starting level: green tracts improved, red tracts moved the wrong way. Tracts marked * moved less than their own survey margin, so their color is a direction, not a claim. Hover a tract for its numbers and history, or a table row to find that tract on the map; click either for its location or its data in the Explorer.
EducationAdults with a bachelor's degree or higher
Loading tract map…
2 of 33 tracts cover a shorter window (dashed outline; mostly 2020 boundary changes). Each tract's change uses the same two survey periods as the card above and is judged against the tract's own published margins; tracts marked * moved less than their margin. How the tract view works →
▸ Break down by group Sex · ACS 2024
Loading breakdown…
How breakdowns work →
▸

Peers worth a call

3
Cities of similar size (50k-100k) that started in the strongest third, like this city, and whose improvement is sustained over several years, larger than the data's normal noise, and big enough to matter. Referral candidates to investigate, not proven interventions. How we pick these →
  • Celina, TX up 19.8pp between its surveys · a larger real gain than 100% of this group · 2019-2024
  • Leander, TX up 12.1pp between its surveys · a larger real gain than 95% of this group · 2019-2024
  • Grapevine, TX up 9.8pp between its surveys · a larger real gain than 87% of this group · 2019-2024
Census ACS 5-year survey through 2024 ±1.5pp at 90% confidence (2024 estimate) survey trend: 2015-2019 vs 2020-2024 surveys about this metric
Education

Children ages 3-4 enrolled in preschool

▲ Higher is better Real improvement
Compared against How peers are chosen →
What changed

Preschool enrollment rose 14.2 percentage points between the 2015-2019 and 2020-2024 surveys, from 40.1% to 54.3% - more than the combined survey margin (±8.7pp).

Broader trend
13% of similar-size cities show a real change in the same direction; 20% moved the other way. Duluth started mid-pack and has reached a genuinely better level; worth investigating.
Longer view
Preschool enrollment rose 12.9 percentage points from 2014 to 2024 (41.4% to 54.3%).
Bright spot 54.3%
20112024
Open in Explorer →
▸ Compare all 31 similar-size cities by change rank
Change is measured between each place's two non-overlapping survey periods against its published margins (90% confidence). significant improvement · significant worsening · not significant (within the margin). Change rank orders every measured change; read it with the dot beside it, ranks among hollow-dot rows are ordering values inside their margins. Today's rank orders current values in the metric's better direction.
Place Latest2020-2024 survey Today's rank Change2015-2019 → 2020-2024 Sig. Change rank History Latest vs. peers
Minnesota ref 44.8% -2.2pp
United States ref 45.5%
Auburn, WA 47.0% 13th +21.8pp 1st 7% above peers
Bloomington, MN 59.5% 5th +23.0pp 2nd 36% above peers
Medford, OR 53.8% 10th +14.6pp 3rd 23% above peers
Kennewick, WA 36.0% 28th +9.6pp 4th 18% below peers
Duluth, MN 54.3% 9th +14.2pp 5th 24% above peers
Danbury, CT 65.1% 3rd +17.0pp 6th 49% above peers
Mission, TX 44.4% 15th +7.1pp 7th 1% above peers
Sioux City, IA 37.6% 24th +2.9pp 8th 14% below peers
Warner Robins, GA 42.9% 18th +3.1pp 9th 2% below peers
Gastonia, NC 36.8% 26th +2.2pp 10th 16% below peers
Waukegan, IL 42.7% 19th +1.7pp 11th 3% below peers
Homestead, FL 62.8% 4th +2.2pp 12th 43% above peers
Queen Creek, AZ 43.8% 16th +1.5pp 13th on par with peers
Lawrence, MA 42.4% 20th +0.9pp 14th 3% below peers
Santa Fe, NM 58.1% 6th +1.0pp 15th 33% above peers
South Jordan, UT 51.5% 11th +0.3pp 16th 18% above peers
Rancho Cordova, CA 43.5% 17th -0.2pp 17th 1% below peers
Melbourne, FL 57.9% 7th -1.7pp 18th 32% above peers
Daytona Beach, FL 39.8% 22nd -1.7pp 19th 9% below peers
Franklin, TN 67.1% 2nd -4.4pp 20th 53% above peers
Santa Monica, CA 71.9% 1st -5.0pp 21st 64% above peers
Ogden, UT 29.4% 29th -5.2pp 22nd 33% below peers
South Gate, CA 37.4% 25th -7.4pp 23rd 15% below peers
Troy, MI 50.7% 12th -13.1pp 24th 16% above peers
Santa Barbara, CA 55.4% 8th -14.6pp 25th 26% above peers
Citrus Heights, CA 26.5% 30th -12.1pp 26th 39% below peers
Westminster, CA 38.8% 23rd -19.0pp 27th 11% below peers
Baytown, TX 19.1% 31st -9.8pp 28th 56% below peers
San Ramon, CA 46.3% 14th -26.0pp 29th 6% above peers
Lake Forest, CA 40.3% 21st -24.6pp 30th 8% below peers
Deerfield Beach, FL 36.1% 27th -29.0pp 31st 17% below peers
▸ Where is this changing? 33 census tracts
Each tract is colored and ranked by its change from 2019 to 2024, between the same two survey periods as the card above, as a share of its own starting level: green tracts improved, red tracts moved the wrong way. Tracts marked * moved less than their own survey margin, so their color is a direction, not a claim. Hover a tract for its numbers and history, or a table row to find that tract on the map; click either for its location or its data in the Explorer.
EducationChildren ages 3-4 enrolled in preschool
Loading tract map…
3 of 33 tracts cover a shorter window (dashed outline; mostly 2020 boundary changes); 1 has too little data to show a change (gray). Each tract's change uses the same two survey periods as the card above and is judged against the tract's own published margins; tracts marked * moved less than their margin. How the tract view works →
▸

Peers worth a call

3
Cities of similar size (50k-100k) that started mid-pack, like this city, and whose improvement is sustained over several years, larger than the data's normal noise, and big enough to matter. Referral candidates to investigate, not proven interventions. How we pick these →
  • West Haven, CT up 35.0pp between its surveys · a larger real gain than 99% of this group · 2019-2024
  • Castle Rock, CO up 21.6pp between its surveys · a larger real gain than 96% of this group · 2019-2024
  • Cedar Park, TX up 20.8pp between its surveys · a larger real gain than 94% of this group · 2019-2024
Census ACS 5-year survey through 2024 ±6.2pp at 90% confidence (2024 estimate) survey trend: 2015-2019 vs 2020-2024 surveys about this metric
Education

Teens not in school and not working

▼ Lower is better No measurable change
Compared against How peers are chosen →
What changed

Disconnected youth changed less than the survey can measure between the 2015-2019 and 2020-2024 surveys (3.9% then, 4.1% now; margin ±2.6pp).

Broader trend
7% of similar-size cities show a real change in either direction.
Longer view
Disconnected youth fell 0.2 percentage points from 2014 to 2024 (4.3% to 4.1%).
Bright spot 4.1%
20102024
Open in Explorer →
▸ Compare all 31 similar-size cities by change rank
Change is measured between each place's two non-overlapping survey periods against its published margins (90% confidence). significant improvement · significant worsening · not significant (within the margin). Change rank orders every measured change; read it with the dot beside it, ranks among hollow-dot rows are ordering values inside their margins. Today's rank orders current values in the metric's better direction.
Place Latest2020-2024 survey Today's rank Change2015-2019 → 2020-2024 Sig. Change rank History Latest vs. peers
Minnesota ref 4.7% +0.7pp
United States ref 6.9% +0.3pp
San Ramon, CA 0.9% 1st -1.0pp 1st 87% below peers
Daytona Beach, FL 3.1% 4th -2.2pp 2nd 55% below peers
Bloomington, MN 2.7% 3rd -1.9pp 3rd 61% below peers
Auburn, WA 7.6% 17th -4.1pp 4th 12% above peers
Medford, OR 5.7% 11th -2.3pp 5th 16% below peers
Lawrence, MA 11.4% 30th -4.0pp 6th 68% above peers
Lake Forest, CA 3.5% 5th -1.2pp 7th 49% below peers
Baytown, TX 8.1% 19th -1.6pp 8th 19% above peers
Mission, TX 8.8% 22nd -1.0pp 9th 29% above peers
Homestead, FL 9.9% 26th -1.0pp 10th 46% above peers
Citrus Heights, CA 9.0% 23rd -0.3pp 11th 33% above peers
Duluth, MN 4.1% 6th +0.2pp 12th 39% below peers
Troy, MI 2.6% 2nd +0.1pp 13th 62% below peers
Kennewick, WA 8.2% 21st +0.8pp 14th 21% above peers
South Gate, CA 9.4% 25th +1.0pp 15th 38% above peers
Queen Creek, AZ 6.2% 14th +1.0pp 16th 9% below peers
Rancho Cordova, CA 6.8% 15th +1.1pp 17th on par with peers
Ogden, UT 8.1% 18th +2.0pp 18th 19% above peers
Santa Monica, CA 4.8% 7th +1.4pp 19th 29% below peers
Santa Fe, NM 9.2% 24th +2.9pp 20th 35% above peers
Gastonia, NC 10.4% 28th +3.6pp 21st 53% above peers
Melbourne, FL 5.7% 10th +2.1pp 22nd 17% below peers
South Jordan, UT 5.4% 9th +2.2pp 23rd 20% below peers
Danbury, CT 5.1% 8th +2.1pp 24th 25% below peers
Waukegan, IL 11.0% 29th +4.9pp 25th 62% above peers
Franklin, TN 5.9% 13th +2.7pp 26th 13% below peers
Sioux City, IA 6.8% 16th +3.1pp 27th on par with peers
Deerfield Beach, FL 12.1% 31st +5.7pp 28th 79% above peers
Santa Barbara, CA 10.3% 27th +5.0pp 29th 52% above peers
Westminster, CA 5.7% 12th +3.3pp 30th 15% below peers
Warner Robins, GA 8.1% 20th +5.5pp 31st 20% above peers
▸ Where is this changing? 33 census tracts
Each tract is colored and ranked by its change from 2019 to 2024, between the same two survey periods as the card above, as a share of its own starting level: green tracts improved, red tracts moved the wrong way. Tracts marked * moved less than their own survey margin, so their color is a direction, not a claim. Hover a tract for its numbers and history, or a table row to find that tract on the map; click either for its location or its data in the Explorer.
EducationTeens not in school and not working
Loading tract map…
2 of 33 tracts cover a shorter window (dashed outline; mostly 2020 boundary changes). Each tract's change uses the same two survey periods as the card above and is judged against the tract's own published margins; tracts marked * moved less than their margin. How the tract view works →
Census ACS 5-year survey (table B14005) through 2024 ±1.9pp at 90% confidence (2024 estimate) survey trend: 2015-2019 vs 2020-2024 surveys about this metric
See all Education data →
Demographics 4 indicators
Demographics

Population

No better direction Rising
Compared against How peers are chosen →
What changed

Population rose about 1% between the 2015-2019 and 2020-2024 surveys, from 85,915 to 87,093 - more than the combined survey margin (±138). That reverses the previous span, which went down between the 2010-2014 and 2015-2019 surveys.

Broader trend
83% of similar-size cities show a real change in the same direction; 17% moved the other way.
Longer view
Population rose about 1% from 2014 to 2024 (86,239 to 87,093).
Big move 87,093
20102024
Open in Explorer →
▸ Compare all 31 similar-size cities by change rank
Change is measured between each place's two non-overlapping survey periods against its published margins (90% confidence). significant improvement · significant worsening · not significant (within the margin). Change rank orders every measured change; read it with the dot beside it, ranks among hollow-dot rows are ordering values inside their margins. Today's rank orders current values in the metric's better direction.
Place Latest2020-2024 survey Today's rank Change2015-2019 → 2020-2024 Sig. Change rank History Latest vs. peers
Queen Creek, AZ 71,867 31st +67% 1st 17% below peers
Homestead, FL 82,807 27th +21% 2nd 5% below peers
Daytona Beach, FL 78,992 30th +17% 3rd 9% below peers
South Jordan, UT 82,686 28th +16% 4th 5% below peers
San Ramon, CA 85,993 21st +14% 5th 1% below peers
Rancho Cordova, CA 81,849 29th +12% 6th 6% below peers
Franklin, TN 87,133 13th +12% 7th on par with peers
Baytown, TX 85,205 24th +11% 8th 2% below peers
Lawrence, MA 88,736 6th +11% 9th 2% above peers
Deerfield Beach, FL 88,093 8th +10% 10th 1% above peers
Gastonia, NC 82,884 26th +9% 11th 5% below peers
Warner Robins, GA 82,990 25th +9% 12th 5% below peers
Auburn, WA 85,676 22nd +7% 13th 2% below peers
Medford, OR 86,315 18th +6% 14th 1% below peers
Melbourne, FL 86,576 17th +6% 15th on par with peers
Santa Fe, NM 89,019 5th +6% 16th 2% above peers
Kennewick, WA 85,295 23rd +5% 17th 2% below peers
Troy, MI 87,898 9th +5% 18th 1% above peers
Sioux City, IA 86,101 20th +4% 19th 1% below peers
Mission, TX 87,038 15th +4% 20th on par with peers
Bloomington, MN 88,665 7th +4% 21st 2% above peers
Danbury, CT 87,263 12th +3% 22nd on par with peers
Lake Forest, CA 86,281 19th +3% 23rd 1% below peers
Waukegan, IL 89,076 4th +2% 24th 2% above peers
Duluth, MN 87,093 14th +1% 25th on par with peers
Ogden, UT 87,413 11th +1% 26th on par with peers
Citrus Heights, CA 86,995 16th -0% 27th on par with peers
Santa Monica, CA 91,169 2nd -0% 28th 5% above peers
Westminster, CA 89,860 3rd -1% 29th 3% above peers
South Gate, CA 91,483 1st -3% 30th 5% above peers
Santa Barbara, CA 87,779 10th -4% 31st 1% above peers
▸ Where is this changing? 33 census tracts
Each tract is colored and ranked by its change from 2019 to 2024, between the same two survey periods as the card above, as a share of its own starting level: blue tracts rose, orange tracts fell. Tracts marked * moved less than their own survey margin, so their color is a direction, not a claim. Hover a tract for its numbers and history, or a table row to find that tract on the map; click either for its location or its data in the Explorer.
DemographicsPopulation
Loading tract map…
2 of 33 tracts cover a shorter window (dashed outline; mostly 2020 boundary changes). Each tract's change uses the same two survey periods as the card above and is judged against the tract's own published margins; tracts marked * moved less than their margin. How the tract view works →
Census ACS 5-year survey through 2024 ±127 at 90% confidence (2024 estimate) survey trend: 2015-2019 vs 2020-2024 surveys about this metric
Demographics

Children's share of the population

No better direction No measurable change
Compared against How peers are chosen →
What changed

Children changed less than the survey can measure between the 2015-2019 and 2020-2024 surveys (17.8% then, 17.6% now; margin ±0.7pp).

Broader trend
33% of similar-size cities show a real change in either direction.
Longer view
Children fell 0.6 percentage points from 2017 to 2024 (18.1% to 17.6%).
Big move 17.6%
20172024
Open in Explorer →
▸ Compare all 31 similar-size cities by change rank
Change is measured between each place's two non-overlapping survey periods against its published margins (90% confidence). significant improvement · significant worsening · not significant (within the margin). Change rank orders every measured change; read it with the dot beside it, ranks among hollow-dot rows are ordering values inside their margins. Today's rank orders current values in the metric's better direction.
Place Latest2020-2024 survey Today's rank Change2015-2019 → 2020-2024 Sig. Change rank History Latest vs. peers
Minnesota ref 22.9% -0.4pp
United States ref 21.9% -0.7pp
Santa Barbara, CA 17.7% 26th +0.8pp 1st 22% below peers
Warner Robins, GA 27.3% 6th +1.3pp 2nd 20% above peers
Westminster, CA 20.5% 21st +0.4pp 3rd 10% below peers
Rancho Cordova, CA 25.0% 11th +0.4pp 4th 10% above peers
Gastonia, NC 24.6% 13th +0.3pp 5th 8% above peers
Melbourne, FL 17.6% 27th +0.2pp 6th 23% below peers
Bloomington, MN 20.0% 23rd +0.1pp 7th 12% below peers
Lawrence, MA 26.3% 7th +0.0pp 8th 15% above peers
Baytown, TX 27.6% 5th +0.0pp 9th 21% above peers
Citrus Heights, CA 20.4% 22nd -0.2pp 10th 10% below peers
Duluth, MN 17.6% 28th -0.2pp 11th 23% below peers
Sioux City, IA 26.1% 9th -0.3pp 12th 14% above peers
Auburn, WA 24.9% 12th -0.4pp 13th 9% above peers
Deerfield Beach, FL 17.8% 25th -0.3pp 14th 22% below peers
Lake Forest, CA 21.3% 19th -0.5pp 15th 7% below peers
Danbury, CT 19.6% 24th -0.5pp 16th 14% below peers
Medford, OR 22.9% 15th -0.7pp 17th on par with peers
Troy, MI 20.6% 20th -0.9pp 18th 10% below peers
Franklin, TN 23.4% 14th -1.2pp 19th 3% above peers
Kennewick, WA 26.1% 8th -1.5pp 20th 15% above peers
Daytona Beach, FL 15.3% 30th -0.9pp 21st 33% below peers
Queen Creek, AZ 30.5% 1st -2.3pp 22nd 34% above peers
Santa Monica, CA 13.8% 31st -1.1pp 23rd 39% below peers
San Ramon, CA 25.8% 10th -2.5pp 24th 13% above peers
Homestead, FL 29.5% 2nd -3.1pp 25th 29% above peers
South Jordan, UT 29.3% 3rd -3.6pp 26th 29% above peers
Mission, TX 28.4% 4th -4.3pp 27th 25% above peers
Ogden, UT 22.6% 17th -3.6pp 28th 1% below peers
Santa Fe, NM 15.9% 29th -2.9pp 29th 30% below peers
South Gate, CA 22.6% 18th -4.4pp 30th 1% below peers
Waukegan, IL 22.8% 16th -5.4pp 31st on par with peers
▸ Where is this changing? 33 census tracts
Each tract is colored and ranked by its change from 2019 to 2024, between the same two survey periods as the card above, as a share of its own starting level: blue tracts rose, orange tracts fell. Tracts marked * moved less than their own survey margin, so their color is a direction, not a claim. Hover a tract for its numbers and history, or a table row to find that tract on the map; click either for its location or its data in the Explorer.
DemographicsChildren's share of the population
Loading tract map…
2 of 33 tracts cover a shorter window (dashed outline; mostly 2020 boundary changes). Each tract's change uses the same two survey periods as the card above and is judged against the tract's own published margins; tracts marked * moved less than their margin. How the tract view works →
Census ACS 5-year survey through 2024 ±0.6pp at 90% confidence (2024 estimate) survey trend: 2015-2019 vs 2020-2024 surveys about this metric
Demographics

Children in single-parent families

No better direction No measurable change
Compared against How peers are chosen →
What changed

Single-parent changed less than the survey can measure between the 2015-2019 and 2020-2024 surveys (35.5% then, 31.5% now; margin ±4.9pp).

Broader trend
13% of similar-size cities show a real change in either direction.
Longer view
Single-parent fell 8.7 percentage points from 2014 to 2024 (40.2% to 31.5%).
31.5%
20102024
Open in Explorer →
▸ Compare all 31 similar-size cities by change rank
Change is measured between each place's two non-overlapping survey periods against its published margins (90% confidence). significant improvement · significant worsening · not significant (within the margin). Change rank orders every measured change; read it with the dot beside it, ranks among hollow-dot rows are ordering values inside their margins. Today's rank orders current values in the metric's better direction.
Place Latest2020-2024 survey Today's rank Change2015-2019 → 2020-2024 Sig. Change rank History Latest vs. peers
Minnesota ref 26.1% +0.1pp
United States ref 29.9% -0.2pp
South Jordan, UT 12.8% 27th +3.8pp 1st 60% below peers
Gastonia, NC 52.1% 3rd +13.9pp 2nd 64% above peers
Santa Barbara, CA 38.3% 11th +6.8pp 3rd 20% above peers
Queen Creek, AZ 11.2% 30th +1.9pp 4th 65% below peers
Santa Monica, CA 25.9% 22nd +4.4pp 5th 18% below peers
Auburn, WA 31.7% 17th +5.2pp 6th on par with peers
Baytown, TX 40.9% 7th +4.7pp 7th 28% above peers
San Ramon, CA 10.8% 31st +1.2pp 8th 66% below peers
Waukegan, IL 46.3% 4th +5.1pp 9th 46% above peers
Lawrence, MA 62.2% 2nd +3.5pp 10th 96% above peers
Troy, MI 11.4% 29th +0.6pp 11th 64% below peers
Warner Robins, GA 41.9% 6th +1.4pp 12th 32% above peers
Mission, TX 31.8% 16th +0.9pp 13th on par with peers
Daytona Beach, FL 64.9% 1st +1.1pp 14th 104% above peers
South Gate, CA 40.3% 8th +0.7pp 15th 27% above peers
Kennewick, WA 35.5% 14th +0.5pp 16th 12% above peers
Danbury, CT 33.7% 15th +0.1pp 17th 6% above peers
Westminster, CA 23.2% 24th -0.1pp 18th 27% below peers
Bloomington, MN 24.9% 23rd -0.2pp 19th 22% below peers
Melbourne, FL 38.9% 9th -2.2pp 20th 22% above peers
Medford, OR 31.3% 19th -2.1pp 21st 2% below peers
Santa Fe, NM 38.8% 10th -2.8pp 22nd 22% above peers
Sioux City, IA 38.2% 12th -3.3pp 23rd 20% above peers
Homestead, FL 44.0% 5th -4.3pp 24th 38% above peers
Citrus Heights, CA 27.6% 21st -2.8pp 25th 13% below peers
Deerfield Beach, FL 37.2% 13th -4.0pp 26th 17% above peers
Duluth, MN 31.5% 18th -4.0pp 27th 1% below peers
Ogden, UT 29.4% 20th -6.8pp 28th 8% below peers
Franklin, TN 12.2% 28th -2.9pp 29th 62% below peers
Rancho Cordova, CA 22.1% 25th -8.8pp 30th 31% below peers
Lake Forest, CA 13.2% 26th -6.6pp 31st 58% below peers
▸ Where is this changing? 33 census tracts
Each tract is colored and ranked by its change from 2019 to 2024, between the same two survey periods as the card above, as a share of its own starting level: blue tracts rose, orange tracts fell. Tracts marked * moved less than their own survey margin, so their color is a direction, not a claim. Hover a tract for its numbers and history, or a table row to find that tract on the map; click either for its location or its data in the Explorer.
DemographicsChildren in single-parent families
Loading tract map…
2 of 33 tracts cover a shorter window (dashed outline; mostly 2020 boundary changes). Each tract's change uses the same two survey periods as the card above and is judged against the tract's own published margins; tracts marked * moved less than their margin. How the tract view works →
Census ACS 5-year survey (table B09002) through 2024 ±3.5pp at 90% confidence (2024 estimate) survey trend: 2015-2019 vs 2020-2024 surveys about this metric
Demographics

Young children with all parents in the labor force

No better direction No measurable change
Compared against How peers are chosen →
What changed

Working parents changed less than the survey can measure between the 2015-2019 and 2020-2024 surveys (74.6% then, 71.2% now; margin ±9.3pp).

Broader trend
13% of similar-size cities show a real change in either direction.
Longer view
Working parents fell 2.2 percentage points from 2014 to 2024 (73.4% to 71.2%).
71.2%
20102024
Open in Explorer →
▸ Compare all 31 similar-size cities by change rank
Change is measured between each place's two non-overlapping survey periods against its published margins (90% confidence). significant improvement · significant worsening · not significant (within the margin). Change rank orders every measured change; read it with the dot beside it, ranks among hollow-dot rows are ordering values inside their margins. Today's rank orders current values in the metric's better direction.
Place Latest2020-2024 survey Today's rank Change2015-2019 → 2020-2024 Sig. Change rank History Latest vs. peers
Minnesota ref 76.2% +0.2pp
United States ref 68.1% +1.9pp
South Jordan, UT 63.4% 21st +19.6pp 1st 6% below peers
Santa Monica, CA 86.6% 1st +21.8pp 2nd 28% above peers
Santa Fe, NM 83.6% 2nd +16.3pp 3rd 24% above peers
Franklin, TN 69.4% 12th +10.8pp 4th 3% above peers
Daytona Beach, FL 67.4% 16th +10.2pp 5th on par with peers
Gastonia, NC 77.8% 4th +9.3pp 6th 15% above peers
Rancho Cordova, CA 67.0% 17th +7.7pp 7th 1% below peers
Queen Creek, AZ 55.3% 31st +5.9pp 8th 18% below peers
Lawrence, MA 80.3% 3rd +5.3pp 9th 19% above peers
Troy, MI 58.3% 29th +3.6pp 10th 14% below peers
Lake Forest, CA 69.4% 13th +3.8pp 11th 3% above peers
Mission, TX 62.8% 24th +3.4pp 12th 7% below peers
Waukegan, IL 74.9% 6th +3.5pp 13th 11% above peers
Auburn, WA 63.1% 22nd +2.9pp 14th 6% below peers
Ogden, UT 66.0% 20th +2.9pp 15th 2% below peers
Baytown, TX 59.0% 27th +1.9pp 16th 12% below peers
South Gate, CA 73.5% 8th +1.8pp 17th 9% above peers
Kennewick, WA 62.1% 26th +1.3pp 18th 8% below peers
Santa Barbara, CA 71.5% 10th +1.2pp 19th 6% above peers
San Ramon, CA 69.0% 14th +0.7pp 20th 2% above peers
Melbourne, FL 66.1% 19th -1.0pp 21st 2% below peers
Westminster, CA 62.7% 25th -1.8pp 22nd 7% below peers
Duluth, MN 71.2% 11th -3.5pp 23rd 6% above peers
Deerfield Beach, FL 69.0% 15th -3.4pp 24th 2% above peers
Sioux City, IA 72.7% 9th -3.8pp 25th 8% above peers
Danbury, CT 73.8% 7th -4.4pp 26th 9% above peers
Citrus Heights, CA 66.3% 18th -4.2pp 27th 2% below peers
Bloomington, MN 76.0% 5th -5.0pp 28th 13% above peers
Homestead, FL 63.0% 23rd -4.6pp 29th 7% below peers
Medford, OR 58.6% 28th -7.0pp 30th 13% below peers
Warner Robins, GA 58.0% 30th -13.3pp 31st 14% below peers
▸ Where is this changing? 33 census tracts
Each tract is colored and ranked by its change from 2019 to 2024, between the same two survey periods as the card above, as a share of its own starting level: blue tracts rose, orange tracts fell. Tracts marked * moved less than their own survey margin, so their color is a direction, not a claim. Hover a tract for its numbers and history, or a table row to find that tract on the map; click either for its location or its data in the Explorer.
DemographicsYoung children with all parents in the labor force
Loading tract map…
2 of 33 tracts cover a shorter window (dashed outline; mostly 2020 boundary changes). Each tract's change uses the same two survey periods as the card above and is judged against the tract's own published margins; tracts marked * moved less than their margin. How the tract view works →
Census ACS 5-year survey (table B23008) through 2024 ±6.6pp at 90% confidence (2024 estimate) survey trend: 2015-2019 vs 2020-2024 surveys about this metric
See all Demographics data →