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Arlington, VA
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Arlington, VA

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236,254 people (2024) 100k-250k South

Bright spots 7 indicators

Where Arlington, VA shows a real improvement in recent years, or stands clearly ahead of its peers. How this is calculated →
Disconnected youth
Teens not in school and not working
4.3%
2020-24
▼ 58%
relative change
10.2% in 2019
Real improvement Leading peers
Learn more ↓
Household income
Median household income
$142,114
2020-24
▲ 18%
relative change
$120,071 in 2019
Real improvement Leading peers
Learn more ↓
Uninsured
People without health insurance
5.2%
2020-24
▼ 10%
relative change
5.8% in 2019
Real improvement Leading peers
Learn more ↓
Broadband
Households with a broadband internet subscription
95.2%
2020-24
▲ 4%
relative change
91.5% in 2019
Real improvement Leading peers
Learn more ↓
College attainment
Adults with a bachelor's degree or higher
77.1%
2020-24
▲ 2%
relative change
75.3% in 2019
No measurable change Leading peers
Learn more ↓
SNAP
Households receiving SNAP
3.4%
2019-23
▲ 3%
relative change
3.3% in 2018
No measurable change Leading peers
Learn more ↓
Child uninsured
Children without health insurance
3.0%
2020-24
▲ 5%
relative change
2.9% in 2019
No measurable change Leading peers
Learn more ↓

What needs attention 7 indicators

Where Arlington, VA shows a real worsening in recent years, or trails its peers clearly. How this is calculated →
Preschool enrollment
Children ages 3-4 enrolled in preschool
55.7%
2020-24
▼ 22%
relative change
71.6% in 2019
Worsening Leading peers
Learn more ↓
No vehicle
Households without a vehicle
15.2%
2020-24
▲ 16%
relative change
13.2% in 2019
Worsening Trailing peers
Learn more ↓
Inequality
Income inequality (Gini index)
0.46
2020-24
▲ 4%
relative change
0.44 in 2019
Worsening Trailing peers
Learn more ↓
Homeownership
Homeownership rate
41.3%
2020-24
▼ 3%
relative change
42.7% in 2019
Worsening Trailing peers
Learn more ↓
Poverty
Share of people below the poverty level
7.3%
2020-24
▲ 9%
relative change
6.7% in 2019
Turning up (early signal) Leading peers
Learn more ↓
Cost burden
Housing cost-burdened households
31.2%
2020-24
▲ 4%
relative change
30.1% in 2019
Turning up (early signal) Leading peers
Learn more ↓
Child poverty
Share of children below the poverty level
7.8%
2020-24
▲ 18%
relative change
6.6% in 2019
Turning up (early signal) Leading peers
Learn more ↓

Big shifts 6 indicators

Real moves and big gaps, where neither direction is simply good or bad. Biggest relative change first; big-gap cards come last. How this is calculated →
Children
Children's share of the population
18.0%
2020-24
▲ 1%
relative change
17.8% in 2019
Rising Among the lowest of peers
Learn more ↓
Starter homes
Starter home value (bottom tier)
$427,483
Jun 2026
▼ <1%
relative change
$430,740 a year earlier
Falling recently Among the highest of peers
Learn more ↓
Home value
Typical home value
$823,028
Jun 2026
flat
relative change
$826,696 a year earlier
Rising Among the highest of peers
Learn more ↓
Rent
Typical asking rent
$2,722
Jun 2026
flat
relative change
$2,733 a year earlier
Rising Among the highest of peers
Learn more ↓
Working parents
Young children with all parents in the labor force
74.8%
2020-24
▲ 1%
relative change
73.8% in 2019
No measurable change Among the highest of peers
Learn more ↓
Single-parent
Children in single-parent families
17.4%
2020-24
▲ 6%
relative change
16.5% in 2019
No measurable change Among the lowest of peers
Learn more ↓

All indicators

Economy
Economy

Median household income

▲ Higher is better Real improvement
Compared against How peers are chosen →

Household income rose about 18% between the 2015-2019 and 2020-2024 surveys, from $120,071 to $142,114 (each survey's own dollars, not adjusted for inflation) - more than the combined survey margin (±$4,107). 29 of the 29 similar-size cities show a real change in the same direction. It started among the stronger third of similar-size cities and kept improving; worth investigating.

Improving beyond the survey margin, 2015-2019 vs 2020-2024 surveys; 29 of 29 similar-size cities show a real change.
Longer view: household income rose about 35% from 2014 to 2024 ($105,120 to $142,114).
$142,114
20102024
Open in Explorer →
▸ Compare all 30 similar-size cities by change rank
Change is measured between each place's two non-overlapping survey periods against its published margins (90% confidence). significant improvement · significant worsening · not significant (within the margin). Change rank orders every measured change; read it with the dot beside it, ranks among hollow-dot rows are ordering values inside their margins. Today's rank orders current values in the metric's better direction.
Place Latest2020-2024 survey Today's rank Change2015-2019 → 2020-2024 Sig. Change rank History Latest vs. peers
Virginia ref $93,170 +26%
United States ref $80,734 +28%
Hialeah, FL $55,594 29th +59% 1st 30% below peers
San Bernardino, CA $67,415 22nd +47% 2nd 16% below peers
Fontana, CA $102,821 7th +41% 3rd 29% above peers
Moreno Valley, CA $93,222 10th +41% 4th 17% above peers
Boise, ID $83,904 12th +40% 5th 5% above peers
Spokane, WA $70,064 21st +39% 6th 12% below peers
Tacoma, WA $85,884 11th +38% 7th 8% above peers
Richmond, VA $64,587 25th +37% 8th 19% below peers
Fremont, CA $181,506 1st +36% 9th 127% above peers
Huntsville, AL $74,714 18th +35% 10th 6% below peers
Modesto, CA $79,891 15th +35% 11th on par with peers
Laredo, TX $63,915 26th +34% 12th 20% below peers
Glendale, AZ $73,530 20th +34% 13th 8% below peers
Port St. Lucie, FL $80,648 14th +33% 14th 1% above peers
McKinney, TX $124,215 4th +33% 15th 55% above peers
Fayetteville, NC $58,407 28th +30% 16th 27% below peers
Winston-Salem, NC $59,268 27th +30% 17th 26% below peers
Norfolk, VA $66,109 23rd +28% 18th 17% below peers
Spring Valley, NV $74,511 19th +28% 19th 7% below peers
Cape Coral, FL $78,104 16th +27% 20th 2% below peers
Irving, TX $81,830 13th +26% 21st 2% above peers
Scottsdale, AZ $110,886 6th +26% 22nd 39% above peers
Garland, TX $76,320 17th +25% 23rd 4% below peers
Santa Clarita, CA $123,062 5th +23% 24th 54% above peers
Des Moines, IA $65,932 24th +23% 25th 17% below peers
Chesapeake, VA $95,373 9th +21% 26th 19% above peers
Enterprise, NV $98,462 8th +21% 27th 23% above peers
Arlington, VA $142,114 3rd +18% 28th 78% above peers
Frisco, TX $150,212 2nd +18% 29th 88% above peers
Baton Rouge, LA $49,994 30th +12% 30th 37% below peers
▸ Where is this changing? 71 census tracts
Each tract is colored and ranked by its change from 2019 to 2024, between the same two survey periods as the card above, as a share of its own starting level: green tracts improved, red tracts moved the wrong way. Tracts marked * moved less than their own survey margin, so their color is a direction, not a claim. Hover a tract for its numbers and history, or a table row to find that tract on the map; click either for its location or its data in the Explorer.
EconomyMedian household income
Loading tract map…
21 of 71 tracts cover a shorter window (dashed outline; mostly 2020 boundary changes); 2 have too little data to show a change (gray). Each tract's change uses the same two survey periods as the card above and is judged against the tract's own published margins; tracts marked * moved less than their margin. How the tract view works →
▸ Break down by group Race · ACS 2024
Loading breakdown…
How breakdowns work →
▸

Peers worth a call

3
Cities of similar size (100k-250k) that started in the strongest third, like this city, and whose improvement is sustained over several years, larger than the data's normal noise, and big enough to matter. Referral candidates to investigate, not proven interventions. How we pick these →
  • Santa Clara, CA up about 42% between its surveys · a larger real gain than 94% of this group · 2019-2024
  • Meridian, ID up about 41% between its surveys · a larger real gain than 93% of this group · 2019-2024
  • Fontana, CA up about 41% between its surveys · a larger real gain than 93% of this group · 2019-2024
Census ACS 5-year survey through 2024 ±$3,551 at 90% confidence (2024 estimate) survey trend: 2015-2019 vs 2020-2024 surveys about this metric
Economy

Share of people below the poverty level

▼ Lower is better Turning up (early signal)
Compared against How peers are chosen →

Poverty changed less than the survey can measure between the 2015-2019 and 2020-2024 surveys (6.7% then, 7.3% now; margin ±0.9pp). The newest releases lean upward: each of the last 4 annual updates moved the 5-year average the same way - an early signal, not a measured change.*

Within the survey margin, 2015-2019 vs 2020-2024 surveys; 17 of 29 similar-size cities show a real change.
Longer view: poverty fell 1.4 percentage points from 2014 to 2024 (8.7% to 7.3%).
7.3%
20112024
Open in Explorer →
▸ Compare all 30 similar-size cities by change rank
Change is measured between each place's two non-overlapping survey periods against its published margins (90% confidence). significant improvement · significant worsening · not significant (within the margin). Change rank orders every measured change; read it with the dot beside it, ranks among hollow-dot rows are ordering values inside their margins. Today's rank orders current values in the metric's better direction.
Place Latest2020-2024 survey Today's rank Change2015-2019 → 2020-2024 Sig. Change rank History Latest vs. peers
Virginia ref 9.5% -0.6pp
United States ref 12.0%
San Bernardino, CA 18.1% 28th -6.6pp 1st 49% above peers
Huntsville, AL 12.0% 15th -4.1pp 2nd 1% below peers
Hialeah, FL 16.9% 25th -5.4pp 3rd 40% above peers
Boise, ID 10.3% 11th -3.2pp 4th 15% below peers
Fontana, CA 9.9% 10th -3.0pp 5th 18% below peers
Laredo, TX 20.6% 29th -5.7pp 6th 70% above peers
Richmond, VA 17.4% 27th -4.7pp 7th 44% above peers
Spokane, WA 13.5% 20th -3.3pp 8th 11% above peers
Moreno Valley, CA 11.6% 14th -2.8pp 9th 4% below peers
McKinney, TX 5.6% 3rd -1.2pp 10th 54% below peers
Glendale, AZ 14.8% 22nd -3.1pp 11th 23% above peers
Tacoma, WA 12.1% 17th -2.2pp 12th on par with peers
Winston-Salem, NC 17.0% 26th -2.8pp 13th 41% above peers
Modesto, CA 13.2% 19th -1.8pp 14th 9% above peers
Norfolk, VA 15.1% 23rd -1.7pp 15th 25% above peers
Irving, TX 10.9% 13th -1.2pp 16th 10% below peers
Santa Clarita, CA 7.4% 6th -0.8pp 17th 39% below peers
Fayetteville, NC 16.4% 24th -1.6pp 18th 35% above peers
Des Moines, IA 14.6% 21st -1.1pp 19th 21% above peers
Scottsdale, AZ 7.2% 4th -0.3pp 20th 40% below peers
Frisco, TX 3.5% 1st -0.1pp 21st 71% below peers
Garland, TX 13.0% 18th -0.1pp 22nd 7% above peers
Spring Valley, NV 12.1% 16th -0.1pp 23rd on par with peers
Baton Rouge, LA 24.1% 30th +0.2pp 24th 99% above peers
Cape Coral, FL 10.7% 12th +0.3pp 25th 12% below peers
Port St. Lucie, FL 9.4% 9th +0.4pp 26th 22% below peers
Arlington, VA 7.3% 5th +0.6pp 27th 40% below peers
Chesapeake, VA 9.3% 8th +0.9pp 28th 23% below peers
Enterprise, NV 8.6% 7th +1.0pp 29th 29% below peers
Fremont, CA 5.2% 2nd +0.9pp 30th 57% below peers
▸ Where is this changing? 71 census tracts
Each tract is colored and ranked by its change from 2019 to 2024, between the same two survey periods as the card above, as a share of its own starting level: green tracts improved, red tracts moved the wrong way. Tracts marked * moved less than their own survey margin, so their color is a direction, not a claim. Hover a tract for its numbers and history, or a table row to find that tract on the map; click either for its location or its data in the Explorer.
EconomyShare of people below the poverty level
Loading tract map…
21 of 71 tracts cover a shorter window (dashed outline; mostly 2020 boundary changes); 2 have too little data to show a change (gray). Each tract's change uses the same two survey periods as the card above and is judged against the tract's own published margins; tracts marked * moved less than their margin. How the tract view works →
▸ Break down by group Race · Age · Sex · ACS 2024
Loading breakdown…
How breakdowns work →
▸

Peers worth a call

3
Cities of similar size (100k-250k) that started in the strongest third, like this city, and whose improvement is sustained over several years, larger than the data's normal noise, and big enough to matter. Referral candidates to investigate, not proven interventions. How we pick these →
  • Goodyear, AZ down 2.6pp between its surveys · a larger real gain than 99% of this group · 2019-2024
  • Murrieta, CA down 2.8pp between its surveys · a larger real gain than 99% of this group · 2019-2024
  • Meridian, ID down 2.6pp between its surveys · a larger real gain than 98% of this group · 2019-2024
Census ACS 5-year survey through 2024 ±0.6pp at 90% confidence (2024 estimate) survey trend: 2015-2019 vs 2020-2024 surveys *Early signal: consecutive releases agree on direction only; the size of the newest movement is not measurable from overlapping surveys. about this metric
Economy

Share of children below the poverty level

▼ Lower is better Turning up (early signal)
Compared against How peers are chosen →

Child poverty changed less than the survey can measure between the 2015-2019 and 2020-2024 surveys (6.6% then, 7.8% now; margin ±1.7pp). The newest releases lean upward: each of the last 4 annual updates moved the 5-year average the same way - an early signal, not a measured change.*

Within the survey margin, 2015-2019 vs 2020-2024 surveys; 20 of 29 similar-size cities show a real change.
Longer view: child poverty fell 4.2 percentage points from 2014 to 2024 (12.0% to 7.8%).
7.8%
20132024
Open in Explorer →
▸ Compare all 30 similar-size cities by change rank
Change is measured between each place's two non-overlapping survey periods against its published margins (90% confidence). significant improvement · significant worsening · not significant (within the margin). Change rank orders every measured change; read it with the dot beside it, ranks among hollow-dot rows are ordering values inside their margins. Today's rank orders current values in the metric's better direction.
Place Latest2020-2024 survey Today's rank Change2015-2019 → 2020-2024 Sig. Change rank History Latest vs. peers
Virginia ref 12.3% -1.6pp
United States ref 16.1%
Hialeah, FL 19.5% 20th -9.9pp 1st 21% above peers
Huntsville, AL 17.0% 19th -8.5pp 2nd 5% above peers
San Bernardino, CA 25.8% 26th -12.1pp 3rd 60% above peers
Boise, ID 11.1% 8th -5.1pp 4th 31% below peers
Spokane, WA 14.7% 13th -6.4pp 5th 9% below peers
Fontana, CA 13.5% 11th -5.7pp 6th 16% below peers
Glendale, AZ 20.2% 21st -6.8pp 7th 25% above peers
Richmond, VA 28.1% 28th -8.9pp 8th 74% above peers
Laredo, TX 28.3% 29th -8.5pp 9th 75% above peers
McKinney, TX 6.7% 3rd -1.8pp 10th 58% below peers
Scottsdale, AZ 8.4% 5th -2.2pp 11th 48% below peers
Modesto, CA 16.5% 18th -4.2pp 12th 2% above peers
Moreno Valley, CA 16.2% 16th -3.9pp 13th on par with peers
Winston-Salem, NC 25.9% 27th -6.1pp 14th 60% above peers
Santa Clarita, CA 8.7% 6th -1.7pp 15th 46% below peers
Chesapeake, VA 12.5% 9th -2.4pp 16th 23% below peers
Tacoma, WA 16.1% 15th -2.7pp 17th on par with peers
Spring Valley, NV 14.9% 14th -2.3pp 18th 7% below peers
Fayetteville, NC 24.5% 24th -3.5pp 19th 52% above peers
Norfolk, VA 25.2% 25th -3.1pp 20th 56% above peers
Baton Rouge, LA 32.4% 30th -3.3pp 21st 101% above peers
Garland, TX 20.3% 22nd -1.5pp 22nd 26% above peers
Irving, TX 16.4% 17th -1.2pp 23rd 2% above peers
Des Moines, IA 22.1% 23rd -1.1pp 24th 37% above peers
Frisco, TX 3.2% 1st +0.2pp 25th 80% below peers
Cape Coral, FL 13.8% 12th +0.7pp 26th 14% below peers
Arlington, VA 7.8% 4th +1.2pp 27th 52% below peers
Enterprise, NV 10.6% 7th +2.1pp 28th 35% below peers
Port St. Lucie, FL 12.8% 10th +2.7pp 29th 21% below peers
Fremont, CA 4.5% 2nd +1.4pp 30th 72% below peers
▸ Where is this changing? 71 census tracts
Each tract is colored and ranked by its change from 2019 to 2024, between the same two survey periods as the card above, as a share of its own starting level: green tracts improved, red tracts moved the wrong way. Tracts marked * moved less than their own survey margin, so their color is a direction, not a claim. Hover a tract for its numbers and history, or a table row to find that tract on the map; click either for its location or its data in the Explorer.
EconomyShare of children below the poverty level
Loading tract map…
20 of 71 tracts cover a shorter window (dashed outline; mostly 2020 boundary changes); 3 have too little data to show a change (gray). Each tract's change uses the same two survey periods as the card above and is judged against the tract's own published margins; tracts marked * moved less than their margin. How the tract view works →
▸

Peers worth a call

3
Cities of similar size (100k-250k) that started in the strongest third, like this city, and whose improvement is sustained over several years, larger than the data's normal noise, and big enough to matter. Referral candidates to investigate, not proven interventions. How we pick these →
  • Goodyear, AZ down 5.7pp between its surveys · a larger real gain than 100% of this group · 2019-2024
  • Murrieta, CA down 4.6pp between its surveys · a larger real gain than 99% of this group · 2019-2024
  • Meridian, ID down 4.1pp between its surveys · a larger real gain than 98% of this group · 2019-2024
Census ACS 5-year survey through 2024 ±1.2pp at 90% confidence (2024 estimate) survey trend: 2015-2019 vs 2020-2024 surveys *Early signal: consecutive releases agree on direction only; the size of the newest movement is not measurable from overlapping surveys. about this metric
Economy

Households with a broadband internet subscription

▲ Higher is better Real improvement
Compared against How peers are chosen →

Broadband rose 3.7 percentage points between the 2015-2019 and 2020-2024 surveys, from 91.5% to 95.2% - more than the combined survey margin (±0.9pp). 29 of the 29 similar-size cities show a real change in the same direction. It started among the stronger third of similar-size cities and kept improving; worth investigating.

Improving beyond the survey margin, 2015-2019 vs 2020-2024 surveys; 29 of 29 similar-size cities show a real change.
Longer view: broadband rose 5.0 percentage points from 2017 to 2024 (90.2% to 95.2%).
95.2%
20172024
Open in Explorer →
▸ Compare all 30 similar-size cities by change rank
Change is measured between each place's two non-overlapping survey periods against its published margins (90% confidence). significant improvement · significant worsening · not significant (within the margin). Change rank orders every measured change; read it with the dot beside it, ranks among hollow-dot rows are ordering values inside their margins. Today's rank orders current values in the metric's better direction.
Place Latest2020-2024 survey Today's rank Change2015-2019 → 2020-2024 Sig. Change rank History Latest vs. peers
Virginia ref 91.1% +6.8pp
United States ref 91.1%
Laredo, TX 87.5% 28th +18.9pp 1st 6% below peers
Hialeah, FL 86.7% 29th +15.7pp 2nd 7% below peers
San Bernardino, CA 89.1% 24th +15.2pp 3rd 4% below peers
Richmond, VA 86.3% 30th +10.6pp 4th 7% below peers
Boise, ID 93.8% 12th +10.5pp 5th 1% above peers
Des Moines, IA 90.0% 22nd +9.8pp 6th 3% below peers
Fontana, CA 96.3% 5th +10.4pp 7th 4% above peers
Winston-Salem, NC 88.5% 27th +9.2pp 8th 5% below peers
Baton Rouge, LA 89.4% 23rd +8.9pp 9th 4% below peers
Glendale, AZ 88.8% 26th +8.8pp 10th 4% below peers
Tacoma, WA 92.9% 15th +8.9pp 11th on par with peers
Irving, TX 92.8% 16th +7.4pp 12th on par with peers
Spring Valley, NV 93.1% 13th +7.0pp 13th on par with peers
Fayetteville, NC 91.5% 21st +6.8pp 14th 2% below peers
Huntsville, AL 91.9% 20th +6.4pp 15th 1% below peers
Garland, TX 94.9% 10th +6.2pp 16th 2% above peers
Spokane, WA 92.0% 19th +5.7pp 17th 1% below peers
Norfolk, VA 89.0% 25th +5.4pp 18th 4% below peers
McKinney, TX 95.7% 7th +5.5pp 19th 3% above peers
Modesto, CA 92.1% 18th +5.3pp 20th 1% below peers
Cape Coral, FL 93.0% 14th +4.6pp 21st on par with peers
Port St. Lucie, FL 95.0% 9th +4.7pp 22nd 2% above peers
Enterprise, NV 97.0% 2nd +4.3pp 23rd 4% above peers
Moreno Valley, CA 94.7% 11th +4.1pp 24th 2% above peers
Arlington, VA 95.2% 8th +3.7pp 25th 2% above peers
Scottsdale, AZ 96.3% 6th +3.8pp 26th 4% above peers
Santa Clarita, CA 96.7% 4th +3.7pp 27th 4% above peers
Fremont, CA 96.8% 3rd +3.5pp 28th 4% above peers
Chesapeake, VA 92.8% 17th +2.5pp 29th on par with peers
Frisco, TX 97.7% 1st +1.8pp 30th 5% above peers
▸ Where is this changing? 71 census tracts
Each tract is colored and ranked by its change from 2019 to 2024, between the same two survey periods as the card above, as a share of its own starting level: green tracts improved, red tracts moved the wrong way. Tracts marked * moved less than their own survey margin, so their color is a direction, not a claim. Hover a tract for its numbers and history, or a table row to find that tract on the map; click either for its location or its data in the Explorer.
EconomyHouseholds with a broadband internet subscription
Loading tract map…
21 of 71 tracts cover a shorter window (dashed outline; mostly 2020 boundary changes); 2 have too little data to show a change (gray). Each tract's change uses the same two survey periods as the card above and is judged against the tract's own published margins; tracts marked * moved less than their margin. How the tract view works →
▸

Peers worth a call

3
Cities of similar size (100k-250k) that started in the strongest third, like this city, and whose improvement is sustained over several years, larger than the data's normal noise, and big enough to matter. Referral candidates to investigate, not proven interventions. How we pick these →
  • Antioch, CA up 7.0pp between its surveys · a larger real gain than 50% of this group · 2019-2024
  • Carrollton, TX up 6.8pp between its surveys · a larger real gain than 50% of this group · 2019-2024
  • Clovis, CA up 6.5pp between its surveys · a smaller real gain than 51% of this group · 2019-2024
Census ACS 5-year survey through 2024 ±0.6pp at 90% confidence (2024 estimate) survey trend: 2015-2019 vs 2020-2024 surveys about this metric
Economy

Income inequality (Gini index)

▼ Lower is better Worsening
Compared against How peers are chosen →

Inequality rose about 4% between the 2015-2019 and 2020-2024 surveys, from 0.44 to 0.46 - more than the combined survey margin (±0.01). 6 of the 29 similar-size cities show a real change in the same direction. That is movement in the wrong direction.

Worsening beyond the survey margin, 2015-2019 vs 2020-2024 surveys; 13 of 29 similar-size cities show a real change.
Longer view: inequality rose about 5% from 2014 to 2024 (0.44 to 0.46).
0.46
20102024
Open in Explorer →
▸ Compare all 30 similar-size cities by change rank
Change is measured between each place's two non-overlapping survey periods against its published margins (90% confidence). significant improvement · significant worsening · not significant (within the margin). Change rank orders every measured change; read it with the dot beside it, ranks among hollow-dot rows are ordering values inside their margins. Today's rank orders current values in the metric's better direction.
Place Latest2020-2024 survey Today's rank Change2015-2019 → 2020-2024 Sig. Change rank History Latest vs. peers
Virginia ref 0.47 +0.003
United States ref 0.48 +0.001
Richmond, VA 0.51 28th -0.032 1st 17% above peers
Laredo, TX 0.45 19th -0.025 2nd 3% above peers
Glendale, AZ 0.43 13th -0.023 3rd 2% below peers
San Bernardino, CA 0.43 11th -0.018 4th 3% below peers
Fontana, CA 0.38 1st -0.014 5th 13% below peers
Norfolk, VA 0.47 25th -0.017 6th 8% above peers
Spokane, WA 0.45 20th -0.016 7th 3% above peers
Winston-Salem, NC 0.51 27th -0.016 8th 15% above peers
Tacoma, WA 0.43 14th -0.011 9th 1% below peers
Huntsville, AL 0.49 26th -0.010 10th 11% above peers
Boise, ID 0.46 24th -0.008 11th 6% above peers
Des Moines, IA 0.44 16th -0.008 12th on par with peers
Garland, TX 0.40 3rd -0.006 13th 8% below peers
Hialeah, FL 0.46 21st -0.003 14th 5% above peers
Moreno Valley, CA 0.38 2nd -0.002 15th 13% below peers
Fayetteville, NC 0.45 18th +0.000 16th 2% above peers
Irving, TX 0.44 15th +0.004 17th 1% below peers
Modesto, CA 0.44 17th +0.006 18th on par with peers
Frisco, TX 0.42 6th +0.009 19th 5% below peers
McKinney, TX 0.42 8th +0.009 20th 4% below peers
Port St. Lucie, FL 0.41 4th +0.009 21st 6% below peers
Chesapeake, VA 0.42 7th +0.009 22nd 4% below peers
Cape Coral, FL 0.43 12th +0.011 23rd 2% below peers
Scottsdale, AZ 0.52 29th +0.019 24th 19% above peers
Baton Rouge, LA 0.56 30th +0.023 25th 28% above peers
Santa Clarita, CA 0.42 5th +0.017 26th 5% below peers
Arlington, VA 0.46 22nd +0.019 27th 5% above peers
Enterprise, NV 0.42 10th +0.022 28th 4% below peers
Fremont, CA 0.42 9th +0.023 29th 4% below peers
Spring Valley, NV 0.46 23rd +0.028 30th 5% above peers
Census ACS 5-year survey (table B19083) through 2024 ±0.01 at 90% confidence (2024 estimate) survey trend: 2015-2019 vs 2020-2024 surveys about this metric
Economy

Households receiving SNAP

▼ Lower is better No measurable change
Compared against How peers are chosen →

SNAP changed less than the survey can measure between the 2014-2018 and 2019-2023 surveys (3.3% then, 3.4% now; margin ±0.6pp).

Within the survey margin, 2014-2018 vs 2019-2023 surveys; 19 of 29 similar-size cities show a real change.
Longer view: snap rose less than 0.1 percentage points from 2013 to 2023 (3.3% to 3.4%).
3.4%
20102023
Open in Explorer →
▸ Compare all 30 similar-size cities by change rank
Change is measured between each place's two non-overlapping survey periods against its published margins (90% confidence). significant improvement · significant worsening · not significant (within the margin). Change rank orders every measured change; read it with the dot beside it, ranks among hollow-dot rows are ordering values inside their margins. Today's rank orders current values in the metric's better direction.
Place Latest2019-2023 survey Today's rank Change2014-2018 → 2019-2023 Sig. Change rank History Latest vs. peers
Virginia ref 8.8% +0.1pp
United States ref 11.8% -0.5pp
Boise, ID 6.2% 7th -2.9pp 1st 56% below peers
Irving, TX 6.2% 6th -2.8pp 2nd 56% below peers
Garland, TX 8.8% 12th -3.6pp 3rd 37% below peers
Scottsdale, AZ 2.3% 2nd -0.9pp 4th 83% below peers
Huntsville, AL 9.9% 14th -3.0pp 5th 30% below peers
Des Moines, IA 16.2% 21st -4.4pp 6th 15% above peers
Cape Coral, FL 7.8% 10th -1.7pp 7th 45% below peers
Tacoma, WA 16.3% 23rd -2.6pp 8th 16% above peers
McKinney, TX 2.6% 3rd -0.4pp 9th 81% below peers
Spokane, WA 19.4% 26th -2.9pp 10th 38% above peers
San Bernardino, CA 23.4% 28th -3.2pp 11th 66% above peers
Laredo, TX 23.9% 29th -3.3pp 12th 70% above peers
Glendale, AZ 15.4% 19th -1.9pp 13th 9% above peers
Richmond, VA 14.6% 18th -1.3pp 14th 4% above peers
Frisco, TX 1.8% 1st -0.1pp 15th 87% below peers
Hialeah, FL 42.1% 30th -2.5pp 16th 199% above peers
Chesapeake, VA 6.9% 8th -0.3pp 17th 51% below peers
Port St. Lucie, FL 10.7% 15th -0.1pp 18th 24% below peers
Arlington, VA 3.4% 4th +0.1pp 19th 76% below peers
Modesto, CA 15.8% 20th +0.6pp 20th 12% above peers
Baton Rouge, LA 20.1% 27th +0.9pp 21st 42% above peers
Spring Valley, NV 9.8% 13th +0.4pp 22nd 30% below peers
Norfolk, VA 16.3% 22nd +0.9pp 23rd 15% above peers
Fontana, CA 14.1% 16th +1.2pp 24th on par with peers
Fayetteville, NC 19.2% 25th +2.2pp 25th 36% above peers
Moreno Valley, CA 14.5% 17th +1.7pp 26th 2% above peers
Fremont, CA 3.6% 5th +0.6pp 27th 75% below peers
Winston-Salem, NC 17.2% 24th +3.0pp 28th 22% above peers
Enterprise, NV 8.1% 11th +2.5pp 29th 43% below peers
Santa Clarita, CA 7.3% 9th +2.7pp 30th 48% below peers
▸ Where is this changing? 71 census tracts
Each tract is colored and ranked by its change from 2018 to 2023, between the same two survey periods as the card above, as a share of its own starting level: green tracts improved, red tracts moved the wrong way. Tracts marked * moved less than their own survey margin, so their color is a direction, not a claim. Hover a tract for its numbers and history, or a table row to find that tract on the map; click either for its location or its data in the Explorer.
EconomyHouseholds receiving SNAP
Loading tract map…
21 of 71 tracts cover a shorter window (dashed outline; mostly 2020 boundary changes); 1 has too little data to show a change (gray). Each tract's change uses the same two survey periods as the card above and is judged against the tract's own published margins; tracts marked * moved less than their margin. How the tract view works →
▸

Peers worth a call

3
Cities of similar size (100k-250k) that started in the strongest third, like this city, and whose improvement is sustained over several years, larger than the data's normal noise, and big enough to matter. Referral candidates to investigate, not proven interventions. How we pick these →
  • Olathe, KS down 2.6pp between its surveys · a larger real gain than 100% of this group · 2018-2023
  • Allen, TX down 1.6pp between its surveys · a larger real gain than 100% of this group · 2018-2023
  • St. George, UT down 3.1pp between its surveys · a larger real gain than 98% of this group · 2018-2023
Census ACS 5-year survey through 2023 ±0.5pp at 90% confidence (2023 estimate) survey trend: 2014-2018 vs 2019-2023 surveys about this metric
See all Economy data →
Housing
Housing

Typical home value

No better direction Rising
Compared against How peers are chosen →

Home value was essentially flat over the 12 months ending June 2026.

Multi-year view: home value rose about 1% a year from 2021 to 2026, slower than 62% of similar-size cities.
Longer view: home value rose about 4% a year from 2016 to 2026.
Most recent monthly reading: $823,028 in June 2026, down from $826,696 a year earlier.
$823,028
2000June 2026
Open in Explorer →
▸ Compare all 27 similar-size cities by change rank
Place Latest Today's rank Changelast 12 months Change rank History Latest vs. peers
Virginia ref $419,920 (Jun 26) +2.0%
United States ref $372,995 (Jun 26) +0.8%
Chesapeake, VA $429,006 (Jun 26) 13th +3.4% 1st 5% above peers
Laredo, TX $222,147 (Jun 26) 26th +2.7% 2nd 45% below peers
Richmond, VA $379,365 (Jun 26) 16th +2.1% 3rd 7% below peers
Scottsdale, AZ $858,275 (Jun 26) 2nd +1.8% 4th 111% above peers
San Bernardino, CA $496,080 (Jun 26) 9th +1.2% 5th 22% above peers
Louisville, KY $267,770 (Jun 26) 22nd +1.1% 6th 34% below peers
Norfolk, VA $315,536 (Jun 26) 19th +0.9% 7th 23% below peers
Huntsville, AL $292,728 (Jun 26) 20th +0.7% 8th 28% below peers
Winston-Salem, NC $267,668 (Jun 26) 23rd +0.6% 9th 34% below peers
Baton Rouge, LA $233,067 (Jun 26) 24th +0.4% 10th 43% below peers
Fayetteville, NC $227,387 (Jun 26) 25th +0.1% 11th 44% below peers
Des Moines, IA $213,036 (Jun 26) 27th +0.1% 12th 48% below peers
Spokane, WA $403,557 (Jun 26) 15th -0.3% 13th 1% below peers
Tacoma, WA $498,063 (Jun 26) 8th -0.4% 14th 22% above peers
Arlington, VA $823,028 (Jun 26) 3rd -0.4% 15th 102% above peers
Fontana, CA $639,380 (Jun 26) 6th -0.6% 16th 57% above peers
Moreno Valley, CA $553,116 (Jun 26) 7th -0.6% 17th 36% above peers
Modesto, CA $449,607 (Jun 26) 11th -0.7% 18th 10% above peers
Irving, TX $346,142 (Jun 26) 17th -1.3% 19th 15% below peers
Santa Clarita, CA $798,112 (Jun 26) 4th -1.3% 20th 96% above peers
Hialeah, FL $445,331 (Jun 26) 12th -1.5% 21st 9% above peers
Glendale, AZ $407,385 (Jun 26) 14th -1.9% 22nd on par with peers
Fremont, CA $1,499,629 (Jun 26) 1st -3.6% 23rd 268% above peers
Garland, TX $289,444 (Jun 26) 21st -4.4% 24th 29% below peers
Frisco, TX $656,145 (Jun 26) 5th -5.0% 25th 61% above peers
Cape Coral, FL $337,346 (Jun 26) 18th -6.0% 26th 17% below peers
McKinney, TX $482,599 (Jun 26) 10th -6.7% 27th 18% above peers
Zillow Home Value Index through 2026-06 modeled trend: robust fit about this metric
Housing

Starter home value (bottom tier)

No better direction Falling recently
Compared against How peers are chosen →

Starter homes fell about 1% over the 12 months ending June 2026, faster than 58% of similar-size cities.

Multi-year view: starter homes rose about 1% a year from 2021 to 2026, slower than 69% of similar-size cities.
Longer view: starter homes rose about 3% a year from 2016 to 2026.
Most recent monthly reading: $427,483 in June 2026, down from $430,740 a year earlier.
$427,483
2000June 2026
Open in Explorer →
▸ Compare all 27 similar-size cities by change rank
Place Latest Today's rank Changelast 12 months Change rank History Latest vs. peers
Virginia ref $245,186 (Jun 26) +2.9%
United States ref $202,486 (Jun 26) +2.0%
Laredo, TX $149,419 (Jun 26) 26th +5.7% 1st 49% below peers
Chesapeake, VA $299,892 (Jun 26) 13th +3.2% 2nd 2% above peers
Richmond, VA $261,975 (Jun 26) 15th +2.5% 3rd 11% below peers
San Bernardino, CA $408,858 (Jun 26) 8th +1.7% 4th 39% above peers
Louisville, KY $175,951 (Jun 26) 21st +1.6% 5th 40% below peers
Fayetteville, NC $158,963 (Jun 26) 24th +1.5% 6th 46% below peers
Norfolk, VA $236,129 (Jun 26) 19th +1.5% 7th 20% below peers
Huntsville, AL $172,185 (Jun 26) 22nd +1.2% 8th 41% below peers
Winston-Salem, NC $168,649 (Jun 26) 23rd +1.1% 9th 43% below peers
Moreno Valley, CA $495,598 (Jun 26) 4th +0.3% 10th 69% above peers
Fontana, CA $548,361 (Jun 26) 3rd +0.3% 11th 87% above peers
Des Moines, IA $156,486 (Jun 26) 25th +0.2% 12th 47% below peers
Modesto, CA $369,767 (Jun 26) 10th +0.1% 13th 26% above peers
Scottsdale, AZ $478,907 (Jun 26) 5th -0.3% 14th 63% above peers
Tacoma, WA $398,881 (Jun 26) 9th -0.5% 15th 36% above peers
Arlington, VA $427,483 (Jun 26) 7th -0.8% 16th 46% above peers
Spokane, WA $293,434 (Jun 26) 14th -0.8% 17th on par with peers
Irving, TX $257,982 (Jun 26) 17th -1.4% 18th 12% below peers
Baton Rouge, LA $117,749 (Jun 26) 27th -1.7% 19th 60% below peers
Santa Clarita, CA $591,050 (Jun 26) 2nd -1.9% 20th 101% above peers
Glendale, AZ $322,238 (Jun 26) 12th -2.1% 21st 10% above peers
Fremont, CA $961,215 (Jun 26) 1st -4.4% 22nd 228% above peers
Garland, TX $228,317 (Jun 26) 20th -4.5% 23rd 22% below peers
Frisco, TX $462,723 (Jun 26) 6th -5.3% 24th 58% above peers
Hialeah, FL $248,710 (Jun 26) 18th -5.6% 25th 15% below peers
McKinney, TX $365,773 (Jun 26) 11th -6.1% 26th 25% above peers
Cape Coral, FL $259,674 (Jun 26) 16th -6.8% 27th 12% below peers
Zillow Home Value Index through 2026-06 modeled trend: robust fit about this metric
Housing

Homeownership rate

▲ Higher is better Worsening
Compared against How peers are chosen →

Homeownership fell 1.5 percentage points between the 2015-2019 and 2020-2024 surveys, from 42.7% to 41.3% - more than the combined survey margin (±1.3pp). 3 of the 29 similar-size cities show a real change in the same direction. That is movement in the wrong direction.

Worsening beyond the survey margin, 2015-2019 vs 2020-2024 surveys; 18 of 29 similar-size cities show a real change.
Longer view: homeownership fell 3.6 percentage points from 2014 to 2024 (44.8% to 41.3%).
41.3%
20112024
Open in Explorer →
▸ Compare all 30 similar-size cities by change rank
Change is measured between each place's two non-overlapping survey periods against its published margins (90% confidence). significant improvement · significant worsening · not significant (within the margin). Change rank orders every measured change; read it with the dot beside it, ranks among hollow-dot rows are ordering values inside their margins. Today's rank orders current values in the metric's better direction.
Place Latest2020-2024 survey Today's rank Change2015-2019 → 2020-2024 Sig. Change rank History Latest vs. peers
Virginia ref 67.3% +1.1pp
United States ref 65.2%
Spring Valley, NV 50.5% 22nd +5.3pp 1st 16% below peers
Port St. Lucie, FL 84.0% 1st +7.1pp 2nd 39% above peers
Tacoma, WA 55.8% 20th +3.8pp 3rd 8% below peers
Fayetteville, NC 47.4% 25th +3.2pp 4th 22% below peers
Modesto, CA 58.9% 16th +3.8pp 5th 3% below peers
Norfolk, VA 46.3% 27th +2.9pp 6th 23% below peers
Spokane, WA 58.8% 17th +3.6pp 7th 3% below peers
San Bernardino, CA 50.0% 23rd +2.6pp 8th 17% below peers
Enterprise, NV 63.7% 10th +2.9pp 9th 5% above peers
Chesapeake, VA 74.3% 3rd +3.0pp 10th 23% above peers
Winston-Salem, NC 55.6% 21st +2.1pp 11th 8% below peers
Boise, ID 63.2% 12th +2.3pp 12th 4% above peers
Laredo, TX 64.1% 8th +2.2pp 13th 6% above peers
Cape Coral, FL 77.2% 2nd +2.7pp 14th 28% above peers
Irving, TX 38.1% 30th +1.3pp 15th 37% below peers
Glendale, AZ 57.2% 19th +1.8pp 16th 5% below peers
Huntsville, AL 58.3% 18th +1.6pp 17th 4% below peers
Moreno Valley, CA 63.3% 11th +1.6pp 18th 5% above peers
Santa Clarita, CA 71.8% 4th +1.8pp 19th 19% above peers
Richmond, VA 43.5% 28th +0.9pp 20th 28% below peers
Fontana, CA 66.8% 6th +1.3pp 21st 10% above peers
Hialeah, FL 46.6% 26th +0.9pp 22nd 23% below peers
Scottsdale, AZ 67.0% 5th +0.8pp 23rd 11% above peers
Des Moines, IA 60.5% 15th +0.4pp 24th on par with peers
Fremont, CA 60.8% 14th +0.2pp 25th 1% above peers
Garland, TX 61.6% 13th -0.9pp 26th 2% above peers
McKinney, TX 63.8% 9th -2.0pp 27th 6% above peers
Arlington, VA 41.3% 29th -1.5pp 28th 32% below peers
Baton Rouge, LA 47.8% 24th -2.0pp 29th 21% below peers
Frisco, TX 65.9% 7th -5.7pp 30th 9% above peers
▸ Where is this changing? 71 census tracts
Each tract is colored and ranked by its change from 2019 to 2024, between the same two survey periods as the card above, as a share of its own starting level: green tracts improved, red tracts moved the wrong way. Tracts marked * moved less than their own survey margin, so their color is a direction, not a claim. Hover a tract for its numbers and history, or a table row to find that tract on the map; click either for its location or its data in the Explorer.
HousingHomeownership rate
Loading tract map…
21 of 71 tracts cover a shorter window (dashed outline; mostly 2020 boundary changes); 2 have too little data to show a change (gray). Each tract's change uses the same two survey periods as the card above and is judged against the tract's own published margins; tracts marked * moved less than their margin. How the tract view works →
▸ Break down by group Race · ACS 2024
Loading breakdown…
How breakdowns work →
Census ACS 5-year survey through 2024 ±0.9pp at 90% confidence (2024 estimate) survey trend: 2015-2019 vs 2020-2024 surveys about this metric
Housing

Typical asking rent

No better direction Rising
Compared against How peers are chosen →

Rent was essentially flat over the 12 months ending June 2026.

Multi-year view: rent rose about 4% a year from 2021 to 2026, faster than 65% of similar-size cities.
Longer view: rent rose about 3% a year from 2016 to 2026.
Most recent monthly reading: $2,722 in June 2026, down from $2,733 a year earlier.
$2,722
2015June 2026
Open in Explorer →
▸ Compare all 27 similar-size cities by change rank
Place Latest Today's rank Changelast 12 months Change rank History Latest vs. peers
United States ref $1,965 (Jun 26) +2.2%
Norfolk, VA $1,752 (Jun 26) 14th +6.9% 1st on par with peers
Chesapeake, VA $2,041 (Jun 26) 8th +6.3% 2nd 16% above peers
Fremont, CA $3,308 (Jun 26) 1st +4.4% 3rd 89% above peers
San Bernardino, CA $1,994 (Jun 26) 9th +3.7% 4th 14% above peers
Richmond, VA $1,682 (Jun 26) 16th +3.2% 5th 4% below peers
Baton Rouge, LA $1,383 (Jun 26) 24th +2.8% 6th 21% below peers
Fayetteville, NC $1,401 (Jun 26) 22nd +2.8% 7th 20% below peers
Des Moines, IA $1,121 (Jun 26) 27th +2.7% 8th 36% below peers
Winston-Salem, NC $1,537 (Jun 26) 18th +2.4% 9th 12% below peers
Moreno Valley, CA $2,364 (Jun 26) 6th +2.4% 10th 35% above peers
Scottsdale, AZ $2,173 (Jun 26) 7th +2.4% 11th 24% above peers
Louisville, KY $1,394 (Jun 26) 23rd +2.2% 12th 20% below peers
Spokane, WA $1,498 (Jun 26) 21st +2.0% 13th 15% below peers
Tacoma, WA $1,749 (Jun 26) 15th +1.9% 14th on par with peers
Fontana, CA $3,042 (Jun 26) 2nd +1.8% 15th 74% above peers
Santa Clarita, CA $2,806 (Jun 26) 3rd +1.1% 16th 60% above peers
Huntsville, AL $1,322 (Jun 26) 26th +0.9% 17th 25% below peers
Modesto, CA $1,986 (Jun 26) 10th +0.5% 18th 13% above peers
Irving, TX $1,592 (Jun 26) 17th +0.4% 19th 9% below peers
Hialeah, FL $2,374 (Jun 26) 5th -0.1% 20th 35% above peers
Laredo, TX $1,331 (Jun 26) 25th -0.1% 21st 24% below peers
Arlington, VA $2,722 (Jun 26) 4th -0.4% 22nd 55% above peers
Frisco, TX $1,861 (Jun 26) 12th -0.4% 23rd 6% above peers
Glendale, AZ $1,524 (Jun 26) 19th -0.5% 24th 13% below peers
Garland, TX $1,519 (Jun 26) 20th -0.7% 25th 13% below peers
McKinney, TX $1,819 (Jun 26) 13th -1.6% 26th 4% above peers
Cape Coral, FL $1,912 (Jun 26) 11th -1.9% 27th 9% above peers
Zillow Observed Rent Index through 2026-06 modeled trend: robust fit about this metric
Housing

Housing cost-burdened households

▼ Lower is better Turning up (early signal)
Compared against How peers are chosen →

Cost burden changed less than the survey can measure between the 2015-2019 and 2020-2024 surveys (30.1% then, 31.2% now; margin ±1.7pp). The newest releases lean upward: each of the last 4 annual updates moved the 5-year average the same way - an early signal, not a measured change.*

Within the survey margin, 2015-2019 vs 2020-2024 surveys; 9 of 29 similar-size cities show a real change.
Longer view: cost burden fell 0.6 percentage points from 2014 to 2024 (31.7% to 31.2%).
31.2%
20102024
Open in Explorer →
▸ Compare all 30 similar-size cities by change rank
Change is measured between each place's two non-overlapping survey periods against its published margins (90% confidence). significant improvement · significant worsening · not significant (within the margin). Change rank orders every measured change; read it with the dot beside it, ranks among hollow-dot rows are ordering values inside their margins. Today's rank orders current values in the metric's better direction.
Place Latest2020-2024 survey Today's rank Change2015-2019 → 2020-2024 Sig. Change rank History Latest vs. peers
Virginia ref 29.2% -0.7pp
United States ref 32.2% +0.4pp
Fontana, CA 38.8% 18th -5.0pp 1st 5% above peers
Hialeah, FL 51.5% 30th -3.9pp 2nd 40% above peers
Richmond, VA 40.6% 24th -2.2pp 3rd 10% above peers
Huntsville, AL 27.6% 1st -1.3pp 4th 25% below peers
McKinney, TX 31.3% 6th -0.9pp 5th 15% below peers
Fayetteville, NC 39.6% 19th -1.1pp 6th 8% above peers
Norfolk, VA 41.2% 26th -0.9pp 7th 12% above peers
Laredo, TX 36.1% 14th -0.6pp 8th 2% below peers
Modesto, CA 40.0% 21st -0.6pp 9th 9% above peers
Moreno Valley, CA 43.9% 28th -0.4pp 10th 19% above peers
Winston-Salem, NC 33.7% 10th -0.2pp 11th 8% below peers
San Bernardino, CA 47.5% 29th -0.0pp 12th 29% above peers
Chesapeake, VA 32.7% 9th +0.1pp 13th 11% below peers
Des Moines, IA 32.1% 8th +0.2pp 14th 13% below peers
Spokane, WA 35.5% 11th +0.2pp 15th 4% below peers
Tacoma, WA 40.4% 22nd +0.4pp 16th 10% above peers
Port St. Lucie, FL 35.8% 13th +0.6pp 17th 3% below peers
Fremont, CA 30.6% 4th +0.7pp 18th 17% below peers
Boise, ID 30.4% 3rd +1.0pp 19th 17% below peers
Arlington, VA 31.2% 5th +1.1pp 20th 15% below peers
Santa Clarita, CA 42.2% 27th +1.7pp 21st 15% above peers
Glendale, AZ 36.4% 15th +1.5pp 22nd 1% below peers
Garland, TX 36.9% 17th +2.2pp 23rd on par with peers
Spring Valley, NV 41.1% 25th +2.6pp 24th 12% above peers
Baton Rouge, LA 40.6% 23rd +2.7pp 25th 10% above peers
Frisco, TX 28.7% 2nd +2.0pp 26th 22% below peers
Scottsdale, AZ 31.6% 7th +2.3pp 27th 14% below peers
Enterprise, NV 35.6% 12th +5.0pp 28th 3% below peers
Cape Coral, FL 39.7% 20th +5.8pp 29th 8% above peers
Irving, TX 36.8% 16th +5.4pp 30th on par with peers
▸ Where is this changing? 71 census tracts
Each tract is colored and ranked by its change from 2019 to 2024, between the same two survey periods as the card above, as a share of its own starting level: green tracts improved, red tracts moved the wrong way. Tracts marked * moved less than their own survey margin, so their color is a direction, not a claim. Hover a tract for its numbers and history, or a table row to find that tract on the map; click either for its location or its data in the Explorer.
HousingHousing cost-burdened households
Loading tract map…
21 of 71 tracts cover a shorter window (dashed outline; mostly 2020 boundary changes); 2 have too little data to show a change (gray). Each tract's change uses the same two survey periods as the card above and is judged against the tract's own published margins; tracts marked * moved less than their margin. How the tract view works →
▸

Peers worth a call

2
Cities of similar size (100k-250k) that started in the strongest third, like this city, and whose improvement is sustained over several years, larger than the data's normal noise, and big enough to matter. Referral candidates to investigate, not proven interventions. How we pick these →
  • Rio Rancho, NM down 5.9pp between its surveys · a larger real gain than 100% of this group · 2019-2024
  • Joliet, IL down 3.9pp between its surveys · a larger real gain than 99% of this group · 2019-2024
Census ACS 5-year survey (tables B25070 + B25091) through 2024 ±1.3pp at 90% confidence (2024 estimate) survey trend: 2015-2019 vs 2020-2024 surveys *Early signal: consecutive releases agree on direction only; the size of the newest movement is not measurable from overlapping surveys. about this metric
Housing

Households without a vehicle

▼ Lower is better Worsening
Compared against How peers are chosen →

No vehicle rose 2.1 percentage points between the 2015-2019 and 2020-2024 surveys, from 13.2% to 15.2% - more than the combined survey margin (±1.2pp). 4 of the 29 similar-size cities show a real change in the same direction. That is movement in the wrong direction.

Worsening beyond the survey margin, 2015-2019 vs 2020-2024 surveys; 11 of 29 similar-size cities show a real change.
Longer view: no vehicle rose 3.5 percentage points from 2014 to 2024 (11.7% to 15.2%).
15.2%
20102024
Open in Explorer →
▸ Compare all 30 similar-size cities by change rank
Change is measured between each place's two non-overlapping survey periods against its published margins (90% confidence). significant improvement · significant worsening · not significant (within the margin). Change rank orders every measured change; read it with the dot beside it, ranks among hollow-dot rows are ordering values inside their margins. Today's rank orders current values in the metric's better direction.
Place Latest2020-2024 survey Today's rank Change2015-2019 → 2020-2024 Sig. Change rank History Latest vs. peers
Virginia ref 6.1% +0.0pp
United States ref 8.3% -0.3pp
San Bernardino, CA 6.8% 20th -2.8pp 1st 7% above peers
Richmond, VA 13.0% 29th -3.5pp 2nd 105% above peers
Huntsville, AL 4.9% 12th -1.3pp 3rd 23% below peers
Glendale, AZ 6.7% 19th -1.7pp 4th 6% above peers
Winston-Salem, NC 8.2% 22nd -1.9pp 5th 30% above peers
Scottsdale, AZ 3.7% 7th -0.7pp 6th 42% below peers
Hialeah, FL 9.8% 26th -1.6pp 7th 55% above peers
Garland, TX 4.1% 10th -0.5pp 8th 35% below peers
Spokane, WA 9.5% 25th -0.6pp 9th 50% above peers
Santa Clarita, CA 3.3% 4th -0.2pp 10th 47% below peers
Modesto, CA 6.3% 16th -0.2pp 11th on par with peers
Norfolk, VA 11.5% 27th -0.4pp 12th 82% above peers
Des Moines, IA 9.0% 24th -0.1pp 13th 42% above peers
Boise, ID 5.0% 14th -0.1pp 14th 21% below peers
Tacoma, WA 8.8% 23rd +0.2pp 15th 39% above peers
Fremont, CA 4.7% 11th +0.1pp 16th 26% below peers
Fayetteville, NC 7.8% 21st +0.3pp 17th 23% above peers
Cape Coral, FL 3.5% 6th +0.3pp 18th 45% below peers
Baton Rouge, LA 12.0% 28th +1.1pp 19th 89% above peers
Laredo, TX 6.6% 18th +0.7pp 20th 5% above peers
Fontana, CA 3.2% 2nd +0.4pp 21st 49% below peers
McKinney, TX 3.4% 5th +0.4pp 22nd 47% below peers
Arlington, VA 15.2% 30th +2.1pp 23rd 140% above peers
Moreno Valley, CA 3.9% 9th +0.6pp 24th 39% below peers
Spring Valley, NV 6.6% 17th +1.0pp 25th 4% above peers
Chesapeake, VA 5.0% 13th +0.9pp 26th 21% below peers
Irving, TX 5.8% 15th +1.2pp 27th 8% below peers
Port St. Lucie, FL 2.7% 1st +0.6pp 28th 58% below peers
Enterprise, NV 3.8% 8th +1.0pp 29th 40% below peers
Frisco, TX 3.3% 3rd +1.1pp 30th 48% below peers
▸ Where is this changing? 71 census tracts
Each tract is colored and ranked by its change from 2019 to 2024, between the same two survey periods as the card above, as a share of its own starting level: green tracts improved, red tracts moved the wrong way. Tracts marked * moved less than their own survey margin, so their color is a direction, not a claim. Hover a tract for its numbers and history, or a table row to find that tract on the map; click either for its location or its data in the Explorer.
HousingHouseholds without a vehicle
Loading tract map…
21 of 71 tracts cover a shorter window (dashed outline; mostly 2020 boundary changes); 2 have too little data to show a change (gray). Each tract's change uses the same two survey periods as the card above and is judged against the tract's own published margins; tracts marked * moved less than their margin. How the tract view works →
▸

Peers worth a call

3
Cities of similar size (100k-250k) that started in the weakest third, like this city, and whose improvement is sustained over several years, larger than the data's normal noise, and big enough to matter. Referral candidates to investigate, not proven interventions. How we pick these →
  • Athens, GA down 3.3pp between its surveys · a larger real gain than 100% of this group · 2019-2024
  • San Bernardino, CA down 2.8pp between its surveys · a larger real gain than 98% of this group · 2019-2024
  • Carolina zona urbana, PR down 3.8pp between its surveys · a larger real gain than 98% of this group · 2019-2024
Census ACS 5-year survey (table B08201) through 2024 ±0.9pp at 90% confidence (2024 estimate) survey trend: 2015-2019 vs 2020-2024 surveys about this metric
See all Housing data →
Health
Health

People without health insurance

▼ Lower is better Real improvement
Compared against How peers are chosen →

Uninsured fell 0.6 percentage points between the 2015-2019 and 2020-2024 surveys, from 5.8% to 5.2% - more than the combined survey margin (±0.6pp). 12 of the 29 similar-size cities show a real change in the same direction. It started among the stronger third of similar-size cities and kept improving; worth investigating.

Improving beyond the survey margin, 2015-2019 vs 2020-2024 surveys; 15 of 29 similar-size cities show a real change.
Longer view: uninsured fell 5.5 percentage points from 2014 to 2024 (10.7% to 5.2%).
5.2%
20122024
Open in Explorer →
▸ Compare all 30 similar-size cities by change rank
Change is measured between each place's two non-overlapping survey periods against its published margins (90% confidence). significant improvement · significant worsening · not significant (within the margin). Change rank orders every measured change; read it with the dot beside it, ranks among hollow-dot rows are ordering values inside their margins. Today's rank orders current values in the metric's better direction.
Place Latest2020-2024 survey Today's rank Change2015-2019 → 2020-2024 Sig. Change rank History Latest vs. peers
Virginia ref 6.7% -1.6pp
United States ref 8.2% -0.4pp
Hialeah, FL 15.0% 27th -5.6pp 1st 72% above peers
Richmond, VA 8.7% 16th -3.1pp 2nd on par with peers
Norfolk, VA 8.1% 12th -2.4pp 3rd 8% below peers
Boise, ID 7.0% 10th -1.9pp 4th 20% below peers
McKinney, TX 8.1% 13th -2.1pp 5th 7% below peers
Chesapeake, VA 5.6% 7th -1.3pp 6th 36% below peers
Modesto, CA 4.7% 3rd -1.0pp 7th 47% below peers
Santa Clarita, CA 4.6% 2nd -1.0pp 8th 47% below peers
Port St. Lucie, FL 10.3% 22nd -2.1pp 9th 18% above peers
San Bernardino, CA 10.1% 21st -1.3pp 10th 15% above peers
Scottsdale, AZ 5.0% 4th -0.6pp 11th 42% below peers
Arlington, VA 5.2% 5th -0.6pp 12th 40% below peers
Moreno Valley, CA 9.9% 19th -1.0pp 13th 14% above peers
Winston-Salem, NC 11.1% 23rd -1.1pp 14th 27% above peers
Cape Coral, FL 11.6% 24th -1.0pp 15th 33% above peers
Huntsville, AL 8.9% 17th -0.7pp 16th 2% above peers
Frisco, TX 6.3% 8th -0.4pp 17th 28% below peers
Fontana, CA 9.1% 18th -0.5pp 18th 4% above peers
Spokane, WA 5.3% 6th -0.2pp 19th 39% below peers
Fayetteville, NC 8.5% 15th -0.3pp 20th 3% below peers
Tacoma, WA 7.0% 9th -0.2pp 21st 20% below peers
Laredo, TX 27.2% 30th -0.2pp 22nd 211% above peers
Enterprise, NV 8.1% 14th +0.1pp 23rd 7% below peers
Des Moines, IA 7.2% 11th +0.3pp 24th 18% below peers
Spring Valley, NV 12.4% 25th +0.5pp 25th 42% above peers
Baton Rouge, LA 10.0% 20th +0.4pp 26th 15% above peers
Glendale, AZ 13.2% 26th +0.9pp 27th 51% above peers
Garland, TX 25.1% 29th +1.7pp 28th 187% above peers
Irving, TX 22.3% 28th +2.0pp 29th 155% above peers
Fremont, CA 2.6% 1st +0.7pp 30th 71% below peers
▸ Where is this changing? 71 census tracts
Each tract is colored and ranked by its change from 2019 to 2024, between the same two survey periods as the card above, as a share of its own starting level: green tracts improved, red tracts moved the wrong way. Tracts marked * moved less than their own survey margin, so their color is a direction, not a claim. Hover a tract for its numbers and history, or a table row to find that tract on the map; click either for its location or its data in the Explorer.
HealthPeople without health insurance
Loading tract map…
21 of 71 tracts cover a shorter window (dashed outline; mostly 2020 boundary changes); 2 have too little data to show a change (gray). Each tract's change uses the same two survey periods as the card above and is judged against the tract's own published margins; tracts marked * moved less than their margin. How the tract view works →
▸ Break down by group Race · Age · Sex · ACS 2024
Loading breakdown…
How breakdowns work →
▸

Peers worth a call

3
Cities of similar size (100k-250k) that started in the strongest third, like this city, and whose improvement is sustained over several years, larger than the data's normal noise, and big enough to matter. Referral candidates to investigate, not proven interventions. How we pick these →
  • Vacaville, CA down 1.5pp between its surveys · a larger real gain than 100% of this group · 2019-2024
  • Burbank, CA down 2.3pp between its surveys · a larger real gain than 100% of this group · 2019-2024
  • Roseville, CA down 1.0pp between its surveys · a larger real gain than 96% of this group · 2019-2024
Census ACS 5-year survey through 2024 ±0.4pp at 90% confidence (2024 estimate) survey trend: 2015-2019 vs 2020-2024 surveys about this metric
Health

Adult obesity

▼ Lower is better Level only
Compared against How peers are chosen →

Adult obesity is about three-quarters of the peer median.

24.9%
20202022
Open in Explorer →
▸ Compare all 31 similar-size cities best first
Place Latest Today's rank History Latest vs. peers
Virginia ref 35.3%
United States ref 33.4%
Fremont, CA 14.1% 1st 59% below peers
Santa Clarita, CA 24.7% 2nd 28% below peers
Arlington, VA 24.9% 3rd 28% below peers
Frisco, TX 26.6% 4th 23% below peers
Enterprise, NV 28.7% 5th 17% below peers
Scottsdale, AZ 28.8% 6th 17% below peers
Boise, ID 29.4% 7th 15% below peers
Spring Valley, NV 30.3% 8th 12% below peers
Irving, TX 30.7% 9th 11% below peers
Cape Coral, FL 30.7% 10th 11% below peers
McKinney, TX 30.9% 11th 10% below peers
Hialeah, FL 31.5% 12th 9% below peers
Port St. Lucie, FL 33.4% 13th 3% below peers
Garland, TX 33.6% 14th 3% below peers
Winston-Salem, NC 34.0% 15th 1% below peers
Spokane, WA 34.5% 16th on par with peers
Modesto, CA 35.0% 17th 1% above peers
Richmond, VA 35.3% 18th 2% above peers
Fontana, CA 35.3% 19th 2% above peers
Glendale, AZ 35.9% 20th 4% above peers
Tacoma, WA 36.7% 21st 6% above peers
Moreno Valley, CA 37.2% 22nd 8% above peers
Huntsville, AL 37.5% 23rd 9% above peers
Norfolk, VA 39.4% 24th 14% above peers
San Bernardino, CA 39.5% 25th 14% above peers
Louisville, KY 39.9% 26th 16% above peers
Baton Rouge, LA 40.2% 27th 17% above peers
Des Moines, IA 40.3% 28th 17% above peers
Chesapeake, VA 40.4% 29th 17% above peers
Fayetteville, NC 40.4% 30th 17% above peers
Laredo, TX 42.3% 31st 23% above peers
CDC PLACES through 2022 modeled tract map about this metric
Health

Children without health insurance

▼ Lower is better No measurable change
Compared against How peers are chosen →

Child uninsured changed less than the survey can measure between the 2015-2019 and 2020-2024 surveys (2.9% then, 3.0% now; margin ±1.2pp).

Within the survey margin, 2015-2019 vs 2020-2024 surveys; 7 of 29 similar-size cities show a real change.
Longer view: child uninsured fell 3.2 percentage points from 2014 to 2024 (6.2% to 3.0%).
3.0%
20122024
Open in Explorer →
▸ Compare all 30 similar-size cities by change rank
Change is measured between each place's two non-overlapping survey periods against its published margins (90% confidence). significant improvement · significant worsening · not significant (within the margin). Change rank orders every measured change; read it with the dot beside it, ranks among hollow-dot rows are ordering values inside their margins. Today's rank orders current values in the metric's better direction.
Place Latest2020-2024 survey Today's rank Change2015-2019 → 2020-2024 Sig. Change rank History Latest vs. peers
Virginia ref 4.7% -0.3pp
United States ref 5.5% +0.4pp
Enterprise, NV 3.7% 10th -2.2pp 1st 24% below peers
Scottsdale, AZ 3.9% 11th -2.1pp 2nd 21% below peers
Huntsville, AL 3.0% 7th -1.2pp 3rd 38% below peers
Modesto, CA 1.9% 2nd -0.6pp 4th 60% below peers
McKinney, TX 6.1% 21st -1.6pp 5th 25% above peers
Port St. Lucie, FL 6.4% 23rd -1.4pp 6th 31% above peers
Chesapeake, VA 3.7% 9th -0.8pp 7th 25% below peers
Norfolk, VA 5.5% 19th -1.0pp 8th 11% above peers
Hialeah, FL 5.8% 20th -1.1pp 9th 20% above peers
Des Moines, IA 3.0% 5th -0.5pp 10th 39% below peers
Santa Clarita, CA 2.9% 4th -0.3pp 11th 40% below peers
Frisco, TX 4.0% 12th -0.4pp 12th 18% below peers
Moreno Valley, CA 5.2% 17th -0.2pp 13th 6% above peers
Richmond, VA 6.2% 22nd -0.2pp 14th 28% above peers
Spokane, WA 2.4% 3rd -0.1pp 15th 52% below peers
San Bernardino, CA 4.6% 14th -0.1pp 16th 6% below peers
Laredo, TX 14.1% 28th -0.2pp 17th 189% above peers
Glendale, AZ 9.9% 26th +0.3pp 18th 102% above peers
Arlington, VA 3.0% 6th +0.1pp 19th 38% below peers
Winston-Salem, NC 5.2% 18th +0.4pp 20th 7% above peers
Garland, TX 18.0% 30th +1.5pp 21st 269% above peers
Boise, ID 4.9% 16th +0.5pp 22nd on par with peers
Fontana, CA 4.1% 13th +0.5pp 23rd 17% below peers
Irving, TX 15.8% 29th +2.0pp 24th 223% above peers
Tacoma, WA 3.3% 8th +0.4pp 25th 33% below peers
Cape Coral, FL 10.5% 27th +1.9pp 26th 115% above peers
Spring Valley, NV 9.5% 25th +1.9pp 27th 95% above peers
Fayetteville, NC 4.8% 15th +1.5pp 28th 1% below peers
Baton Rouge, LA 8.1% 24th +4.6pp 29th 65% above peers
Fremont, CA 1.6% 1st +1.1pp 30th 67% below peers
▸ Where is this changing? 71 census tracts
Each tract is colored and ranked by its change from 2019 to 2024, between the same two survey periods as the card above, as a share of its own starting level: green tracts improved, red tracts moved the wrong way. Tracts marked * moved less than their own survey margin, so their color is a direction, not a claim. Hover a tract for its numbers and history, or a table row to find that tract on the map; click either for its location or its data in the Explorer.
HealthChildren without health insurance
Loading tract map…
21 of 71 tracts cover a shorter window (dashed outline; mostly 2020 boundary changes); 2 have too little data to show a change (gray). Each tract's change uses the same two survey periods as the card above and is judged against the tract's own published margins; tracts marked * moved less than their margin. How the tract view works →
▸

Peers worth a call

3
Cities of similar size (100k-250k) that started in the strongest third, like this city, and whose improvement is sustained over several years, larger than the data's normal noise, and big enough to matter. Referral candidates to investigate, not proven interventions. How we pick these →
  • New Bedford, MA down 1.7pp between its surveys · a larger real gain than 99% of this group · 2019-2024
  • Cedar Rapids, IA down 1.1pp between its surveys · a larger real gain than 97% of this group · 2019-2024
  • Salem, OR down 1.2pp between its surveys · a larger real gain than 96% of this group · 2019-2024
Census ACS 5-year survey (table B27001) through 2024 ±0.9pp at 90% confidence (2024 estimate) survey trend: 2015-2019 vs 2020-2024 surveys about this metric
See all Health data →
Education
Education

Adults with a bachelor's degree or higher

▲ Higher is better No measurable change
Compared against How peers are chosen →

College attainment changed less than the survey can measure between the 2015-2019 and 2020-2024 surveys (75.3% then, 77.1% now; margin ±1.9pp).

Within the survey margin, 2015-2019 vs 2020-2024 surveys; 29 of 29 similar-size cities show a real change.
Longer view: college attainment rose 5.1 percentage points from 2014 to 2024 (72.0% to 77.1%).
77.1%
20102024
Open in Explorer →
▸ Compare all 30 similar-size cities by change rank
Change is measured between each place's two non-overlapping survey periods against its published margins (90% confidence). significant improvement · significant worsening · not significant (within the margin). Change rank orders every measured change; read it with the dot beside it, ranks among hollow-dot rows are ordering values inside their margins. Today's rank orders current values in the metric's better direction.
Place Latest2020-2024 survey Today's rank Change2015-2019 → 2020-2024 Sig. Change rank History Latest vs. peers
Virginia ref 42.2% +3.4pp
United States ref 35.7% +3.5pp
Hialeah, FL 22.1% 25th +6.4pp 1st 36% below peers
Spring Valley, NV 31.4% 18th +6.2pp 2nd 9% below peers
Port St. Lucie, FL 28.1% 21st +5.5pp 3rd 19% below peers
Fontana, CA 21.4% 27th +3.4pp 4th 38% below peers
Tacoma, WA 34.5% 15th +4.8pp 5th on par with peers
Norfolk, VA 33.5% 17th +4.6pp 6th 3% below peers
Cape Coral, FL 26.9% 22nd +3.6pp 7th 22% below peers
Richmond, VA 45.6% 8th +6.0pp 8th 32% above peers
Winston-Salem, NC 39.5% 11th +5.0pp 9th 14% above peers
Boise, ID 47.5% 6th +5.9pp 10th 37% above peers
McKinney, TX 54.1% 5th +6.7pp 11th 57% above peers
Laredo, TX 22.0% 26th +2.6pp 12th 36% below peers
Modesto, CA 21.2% 28th +2.5pp 13th 39% below peers
Enterprise, NV 35.7% 14th +4.0pp 14th 3% above peers
Glendale, AZ 24.3% 24th +2.7pp 15th 30% below peers
Irving, TX 42.4% 9th +4.7pp 16th 23% above peers
Fremont, CA 63.9% 3rd +6.9pp 17th 85% above peers
Des Moines, IA 29.7% 19th +3.0pp 18th 14% below peers
Chesapeake, VA 36.9% 12th +3.7pp 19th 7% above peers
Garland, TX 25.4% 23rd +2.5pp 20th 26% below peers
San Bernardino, CA 13.1% 30th +1.2pp 21st 62% below peers
Baton Rouge, LA 36.6% 13th +3.3pp 22nd 6% above peers
Moreno Valley, CA 17.8% 29th +1.5pp 23rd 48% below peers
Spokane, WA 33.9% 16th +2.6pp 24th 2% below peers
Santa Clarita, CA 39.8% 10th +3.0pp 25th 15% above peers
Huntsville, AL 47.2% 7th +3.1pp 26th 37% above peers
Fayetteville, NC 29.0% 20th +1.8pp 27th 16% below peers
Frisco, TX 67.5% 2nd +4.1pp 28th 96% above peers
Scottsdale, AZ 61.9% 4th +3.5pp 29th 79% above peers
Arlington, VA 77.1% 1st +1.8pp 30th 123% above peers
▸ Where is this changing? 71 census tracts
Each tract is colored and ranked by its change from 2019 to 2024, between the same two survey periods as the card above, as a share of its own starting level: green tracts improved, red tracts moved the wrong way. Tracts marked * moved less than their own survey margin, so their color is a direction, not a claim. Hover a tract for its numbers and history, or a table row to find that tract on the map; click either for its location or its data in the Explorer.
EducationAdults with a bachelor's degree or higher
Loading tract map…
21 of 71 tracts cover a shorter window (dashed outline; mostly 2020 boundary changes); 2 have too little data to show a change (gray). Each tract's change uses the same two survey periods as the card above and is judged against the tract's own published margins; tracts marked * moved less than their margin. How the tract view works →
▸ Break down by group Sex · ACS 2024
Loading breakdown…
How breakdowns work →
▸

Peers worth a call

3
Cities of similar size (100k-250k) that started in the strongest third, like this city, and whose improvement is sustained over several years, larger than the data's normal noise, and big enough to matter. Referral candidates to investigate, not proven interventions. How we pick these →
  • Arvada, CO up 10.4pp between its surveys · a larger real gain than 96% of this group · 2019-2024
  • Bend, OR up 8.9pp between its surveys · a larger real gain than 89% of this group · 2019-2024
  • Gainesville, FL up 8.6pp between its surveys · a larger real gain than 86% of this group · 2019-2024
Census ACS 5-year survey through 2024 ±1.5pp at 90% confidence (2024 estimate) survey trend: 2015-2019 vs 2020-2024 surveys about this metric
Education

Children ages 3-4 enrolled in preschool

▲ Higher is better Worsening
Compared against How peers are chosen →

Preschool enrollment fell 15.9 percentage points between the 2015-2019 and 2020-2024 surveys, from 71.6% to 55.7% - more than the combined survey margin (±5.9pp). That reverses the previous span, which went up between the 2010-2014 and 2015-2019 surveys. 11 of the 29 similar-size cities show a real change in the same direction. That is movement in the wrong direction.

Worsening beyond the survey margin, 2015-2019 vs 2020-2024 surveys; 11 of 29 similar-size cities show a real change.
Longer view: preschool enrollment fell 9.1 percentage points from 2014 to 2024 (64.8% to 55.7%).
55.7%
20112024
Open in Explorer →
▸ Compare all 30 similar-size cities by change rank
Change is measured between each place's two non-overlapping survey periods against its published margins (90% confidence). significant improvement · significant worsening · not significant (within the margin). Change rank orders every measured change; read it with the dot beside it, ranks among hollow-dot rows are ordering values inside their margins. Today's rank orders current values in the metric's better direction.
Place Latest2020-2024 survey Today's rank Change2015-2019 → 2020-2024 Sig. Change rank History Latest vs. peers
Virginia ref 44.8% -4.0pp
United States ref 45.5%
McKinney, TX 62.0% 1st +6.9pp 1st 50% above peers
Moreno Valley, CA 28.1% 26th +2.2pp 2nd 32% below peers
Hialeah, FL 51.7% 6th +3.9pp 3rd 25% above peers
Boise, ID 45.4% 11th +2.6pp 4th 10% above peers
Irving, TX 36.6% 18th +1.7pp 5th 12% below peers
Richmond, VA 48.8% 9th +2.1pp 6th 18% above peers
Spokane, WA 41.4% 15th +0.1pp 7th on par with peers
Tacoma, WA 44.8% 12th -0.0pp 8th 8% above peers
Fremont, CA 61.4% 2nd -0.5pp 9th 48% above peers
Port St. Lucie, FL 47.5% 10th -2.0pp 10th 15% above peers
Garland, TX 31.5% 25th -2.1pp 11th 24% below peers
Scottsdale, AZ 54.5% 5th -5.6pp 12th 32% above peers
Santa Clarita, CA 50.8% 7th -5.9pp 13th 23% above peers
Des Moines, IA 33.2% 21st -4.1pp 14th 20% below peers
Spring Valley, NV 35.5% 20th -4.9pp 15th 14% below peers
Winston-Salem, NC 32.6% 23rd -4.5pp 16th 21% below peers
Frisco, TX 55.6% 4th -8.7pp 17th 34% above peers
Enterprise, NV 36.0% 19th -5.7pp 18th 13% below peers
Fontana, CA 27.5% 28th -5.0pp 19th 34% below peers
Chesapeake, VA 42.0% 14th -8.4pp 20th 1% above peers
Norfolk, VA 42.3% 13th -8.7pp 21st 2% above peers
Baton Rouge, LA 50.5% 8th -12.1pp 22nd 22% above peers
Modesto, CA 32.2% 24th -7.8pp 23rd 22% below peers
Huntsville, AL 41.2% 16th -11.0pp 24th on par with peers
Arlington, VA 55.7% 3rd -15.9pp 25th 35% above peers
Fayetteville, NC 27.5% 27th -9.9pp 26th 34% below peers
Laredo, TX 33.1% 22nd -14.3pp 27th 20% below peers
Glendale, AZ 22.2% 29th -10.0pp 28th 46% below peers
Cape Coral, FL 38.2% 17th -17.2pp 29th 8% below peers
San Bernardino, CA 20.5% 30th -15.5pp 30th 51% below peers
▸ Where is this changing? 71 census tracts
Each tract is colored and ranked by its change from 2019 to 2024, between the same two survey periods as the card above, as a share of its own starting level: green tracts improved, red tracts moved the wrong way. Tracts marked * moved less than their own survey margin, so their color is a direction, not a claim. Hover a tract for its numbers and history, or a table row to find that tract on the map; click either for its location or its data in the Explorer.
EducationChildren ages 3-4 enrolled in preschool
Loading tract map…
17 of 71 tracts cover a shorter window (dashed outline; mostly 2020 boundary changes); 8 have too little data to show a change (gray). Each tract's change uses the same two survey periods as the card above and is judged against the tract's own published margins; tracts marked * moved less than their margin. How the tract view works →
Census ACS 5-year survey through 2024 ±5.1pp at 90% confidence (2024 estimate) survey trend: 2015-2019 vs 2020-2024 surveys about this metric
Education

Teens not in school and not working

▼ Lower is better Real improvement
Compared against How peers are chosen →

Disconnected youth fell 5.9 percentage points between the 2015-2019 and 2020-2024 surveys, from 10.2% to 4.3% - more than the combined survey margin (±4.1pp). 1 of the 29 similar-size cities show a real change in the same direction. It started among the weakest third of similar-size cities, so some rebound is expected; still, the improvement is sustained and worth investigating.

Improving beyond the survey margin, 2015-2019 vs 2020-2024 surveys; 4 of 29 similar-size cities show a real change.
Longer view: disconnected youth fell 1.7 percentage points from 2014 to 2024 (6.0% to 4.3%).
4.3%
20102024
Open in Explorer →
▸ Compare all 30 similar-size cities by change rank
Change is measured between each place's two non-overlapping survey periods against its published margins (90% confidence). significant improvement · significant worsening · not significant (within the margin). Change rank orders every measured change; read it with the dot beside it, ranks among hollow-dot rows are ordering values inside their margins. Today's rank orders current values in the metric's better direction.
Place Latest2020-2024 survey Today's rank Change2015-2019 → 2020-2024 Sig. Change rank History Latest vs. peers
Virginia ref 6.2% +1.0pp
United States ref 6.9% +0.3pp
Arlington, VA 4.3% 4th -5.9pp 1st 43% below peers
Fontana, CA 6.2% 10th -3.5pp 2nd 18% below peers
Huntsville, AL 4.0% 3rd -1.8pp 3rd 46% below peers
Fremont, CA 2.3% 1st -0.8pp 4th 70% below peers
Fayetteville, NC 7.0% 13th -2.2pp 5th 8% below peers
Laredo, TX 7.8% 17th -1.9pp 6th 3% above peers
Baton Rouge, LA 6.9% 12th -1.7pp 7th 9% below peers
Glendale, AZ 8.4% 21st -1.9pp 8th 11% above peers
Chesapeake, VA 5.1% 7th -1.1pp 9th 33% below peers
Winston-Salem, NC 5.3% 8th -1.0pp 10th 30% below peers
Spring Valley, NV 8.8% 24th -1.3pp 11th 17% above peers
Des Moines, IA 6.5% 11th -0.9pp 12th 14% below peers
Moreno Valley, CA 9.7% 27th -0.8pp 13th 28% above peers
Hialeah, FL 8.0% 19th -0.6pp 14th 6% above peers
Richmond, VA 4.9% 6th -0.3pp 15th 35% below peers
San Bernardino, CA 8.6% 23rd -0.4pp 16th 14% above peers
Cape Coral, FL 7.1% 14th -0.2pp 17th 6% below peers
Tacoma, WA 8.6% 22nd +0.0pp 18th 14% above peers
Santa Clarita, CA 4.6% 5th +0.2pp 19th 39% below peers
Enterprise, NV 7.8% 18th +1.0pp 20th 4% above peers
Boise, ID 5.7% 9th +0.7pp 21st 25% below peers
Frisco, TX 3.1% 2nd +0.5pp 22nd 58% below peers
Modesto, CA 9.4% 26th +1.6pp 23rd 24% above peers
Spokane, WA 10.8% 30th +2.3pp 24th 43% above peers
Norfolk, VA 7.1% 15th +1.8pp 25th 6% below peers
Garland, TX 10.1% 29th +3.2pp 26th 34% above peers
McKinney, TX 7.5% 16th +2.9pp 27th on par with peers
Irving, TX 10.1% 28th +4.4pp 28th 33% above peers
Port St. Lucie, FL 8.1% 20th +3.7pp 29th 7% above peers
Scottsdale, AZ 9.1% 25th +4.2pp 30th 21% above peers
▸ Where is this changing? 71 census tracts
Each tract is colored and ranked by its change from 2019 to 2024, between the same two survey periods as the card above, as a share of its own starting level: green tracts improved, red tracts moved the wrong way. Tracts marked * moved less than their own survey margin, so their color is a direction, not a claim. Hover a tract for its numbers and history, or a table row to find that tract on the map; click either for its location or its data in the Explorer.
EducationTeens not in school and not working
Loading tract map…
24 of 71 tracts cover a shorter window (dashed outline; mostly 2020 boundary changes); 8 have too little data to show a change (gray). Each tract's change uses the same two survey periods as the card above and is judged against the tract's own published margins; tracts marked * moved less than their margin. How the tract view works →
▸

Peers worth a call

3
Cities of similar size (100k-250k) that started in the weakest third, like this city, and whose improvement is sustained over several years, larger than the data's normal noise, and big enough to matter. Referral candidates to investigate, not proven interventions. How we pick these →
  • Goodyear, AZ down 7.7pp between its surveys · a larger real gain than 98% of this group · 2019-2024
  • Manchester, NH down 5.2pp between its surveys · a larger real gain than 96% of this group · 2019-2024
  • Rio Rancho, NM down 5.8pp between its surveys · a larger real gain than 96% of this group · 2019-2024
Census ACS 5-year survey (table B14005) through 2024 ±1.9pp at 90% confidence (2024 estimate) survey trend: 2015-2019 vs 2020-2024 surveys about this metric
See all Education data →
Demographics
Demographics

Population

No better direction No measurable change
Compared against How peers are chosen →

Population changed less than the survey can measure between the 2015-2019 and 2020-2024 surveys (233,464 then, 236,254 now; margin ±0).

Within the survey margin, 2015-2019 vs 2020-2024 surveys; 26 of 29 similar-size cities show a real change.
Longer view: population rose about 7% from 2014 to 2024 (220,173 to 236,254).
236,254
20102024
Open in Explorer →
▸ Compare all 30 similar-size cities by change rank
Change is measured between each place's two non-overlapping survey periods against its published margins (90% confidence). significant improvement · significant worsening · not significant (within the margin). Change rank orders every measured change; read it with the dot beside it, ranks among hollow-dot rows are ordering values inside their margins. Today's rank orders current values in the metric's better direction.
Place Latest2020-2024 survey Today's rank Change2015-2019 → 2020-2024 Sig. Change rank History Latest vs. peers
Enterprise, NV 240,464 8th +41% 1st 5% above peers
Frisco, TX 219,304 22nd +24% 2nd 4% below peers
Port St. Lucie, FL 232,491 12th +23% 3rd 1% above peers
Cape Coral, FL 215,536 25th +17% 4th 6% below peers
McKinney, TX 210,600 30th +16% 5th 8% below peers
Huntsville, AL 222,791 18th +14% 6th 3% below peers
Santa Clarita, CA 230,221 14th +8% 7th on par with peers
Irving, TX 256,492 2nd +7% 8th 12% above peers
Spokane, WA 230,293 13th +6% 9th on par with peers
Spring Valley, NV 219,187 24th +6% 10th 4% below peers
Chesapeake, VA 252,583 4th +5% 11th 10% above peers
Boise, ID 237,242 9th +5% 12th 3% above peers
Tacoma, WA 222,758 20th +5% 13th 3% below peers
Garland, TX 246,844 6th +4% 14th 8% above peers
Winston-Salem, NC 252,037 5th +3% 15th 10% above peers
Modesto, CA 219,215 23rd +3% 16th 4% below peers
San Bernardino, CA 222,724 21st +3% 17th 3% below peers
Moreno Valley, CA 211,666 28th +2% 18th 8% below peers
Glendale, AZ 252,833 3rd +2% 19th 10% above peers
Fontana, CA 214,169 26th +2% 20th 7% below peers
Richmond, VA 229,359 15th +1% 21st on par with peers
Arlington, VA 236,254 10th +1% 22nd 3% above peers
Fayetteville, NC 210,815 29th +0% 23rd 8% below peers
Laredo, TX 257,619 1st -1% 24th 12% above peers
Baton Rouge, LA 222,771 19th -1% 25th 3% below peers
Des Moines, IA 212,421 27th -1% 26th 7% below peers
Scottsdale, AZ 243,821 7th -3% 27th 6% above peers
Fremont, CA 228,295 16th -3% 28th on par with peers
Hialeah, FL 226,165 17th -4% 29th 1% below peers
Norfolk, VA 233,596 11th -4% 30th 2% above peers
▸ Where is this changing? 71 census tracts
Each tract is colored and ranked by its change from 2019 to 2024, between the same two survey periods as the card above, as a share of its own starting level: blue tracts rose, orange tracts fell. Tracts marked * moved less than their own survey margin, so their color is a direction, not a claim. Hover a tract for its numbers and history, or a table row to find that tract on the map; click either for its location or its data in the Explorer.
DemographicsPopulation
Loading tract map…
21 of 71 tracts cover a shorter window (dashed outline; mostly 2020 boundary changes). Each tract's change uses the same two survey periods as the card above and is judged against the tract's own published margins; tracts marked * moved less than their margin. How the tract view works →
Census ACS 5-year survey through 2024 survey trend: 2015-2019 vs 2020-2024 surveys about this metric
Demographics

Children's share of the population

No better direction Rising
Compared against How peers are chosen →

Children rose 0.2 percentage points between the 2015-2019 and 2020-2024 surveys, from 17.8% to 18.0% - more than the combined survey margin (±0.0pp). 1 of the 29 similar-size cities show a real change in the same direction.

Rising beyond the survey margin, 2015-2019 vs 2020-2024 surveys; 21 of 29 similar-size cities show a real change.
Longer view: children rose 0.7 percentage points from 2017 to 2024 (17.3% to 18.0%).
18.0%
20172024
Open in Explorer →
▸ Compare all 30 similar-size cities by change rank
Change is measured between each place's two non-overlapping survey periods against its published margins (90% confidence). significant improvement · significant worsening · not significant (within the margin). Change rank orders every measured change; read it with the dot beside it, ranks among hollow-dot rows are ordering values inside their margins. Today's rank orders current values in the metric's better direction.
Place Latest2020-2024 survey Today's rank Change2015-2019 → 2020-2024 Sig. Change rank History Latest vs. peers
Virginia ref 21.4% -0.4pp
United States ref 21.6% -0.7pp
Norfolk, VA 20.4% 21st +0.6pp 1st 11% below peers
Modesto, CA 26.2% 5th +0.7pp 2nd 14% above peers
Arlington, VA 18.0% 26th +0.2pp 3rd 22% below peers
Fayetteville, NC 23.8% 13th +0.3pp 4th 3% above peers
Chesapeake, VA 24.2% 12th -0.1pp 5th 5% above peers
Richmond, VA 17.5% 28th -0.1pp 6th 24% below peers
Fremont, CA 22.3% 17th -0.6pp 7th 3% below peers
Des Moines, IA 23.2% 14th -0.6pp 8th 1% above peers
Irving, TX 26.2% 6th -0.7pp 9th 14% above peers
Cape Coral, FL 17.6% 27th -0.6pp 10th 23% below peers
Baton Rouge, LA 20.9% 18th -0.7pp 11th 9% below peers
Hialeah, FL 16.8% 29th -0.6pp 12th 27% below peers
Winston-Salem, NC 23.0% 15th -0.8pp 13th on par with peers
Glendale, AZ 24.5% 11th -1.0pp 14th 7% above peers
Santa Clarita, CA 24.6% 10th -1.2pp 15th 7% above peers
Fontana, CA 27.3% 2nd -1.4pp 16th 19% above peers
Spokane, WA 20.4% 20th -1.2pp 17th 11% below peers
Laredo, TX 31.3% 1st -1.8pp 18th 36% above peers
Huntsville, AL 19.4% 23rd -1.2pp 19th 16% below peers
Garland, TX 25.5% 9th -1.7pp 20th 11% above peers
Port St. Lucie, FL 20.4% 19th -1.5pp 21st 11% below peers
Enterprise, NV 22.6% 16th -1.9pp 22nd 2% below peers
Moreno Valley, CA 25.9% 8th -2.3pp 23rd 13% above peers
Tacoma, WA 19.8% 22nd -1.8pp 24th 14% below peers
McKinney, TX 26.2% 7th -2.5pp 25th 14% above peers
Spring Valley, NV 18.5% 25th -1.8pp 26th 20% below peers
San Bernardino, CA 26.7% 4th -2.9pp 27th 16% above peers
Scottsdale, AZ 13.9% 30th -1.6pp 28th 39% below peers
Frisco, TX 27.2% 3rd -3.2pp 29th 19% above peers
Boise, ID 18.5% 24th -3.3pp 30th 20% below peers
▸ Where is this changing? 71 census tracts
Each tract is colored and ranked by its change from 2019 to 2024, between the same two survey periods as the card above, as a share of its own starting level: blue tracts rose, orange tracts fell. Tracts marked * moved less than their own survey margin, so their color is a direction, not a claim. Hover a tract for its numbers and history, or a table row to find that tract on the map; click either for its location or its data in the Explorer.
DemographicsChildren's share of the population
Loading tract map…
21 of 71 tracts cover a shorter window (dashed outline; mostly 2020 boundary changes); 2 have too little data to show a change (gray). Each tract's change uses the same two survey periods as the card above and is judged against the tract's own published margins; tracts marked * moved less than their margin. How the tract view works →
Census ACS 5-year survey through 2024 survey trend: 2015-2019 vs 2020-2024 surveys about this metric
Demographics

Children in single-parent families

No better direction No measurable change
Compared against How peers are chosen →

Single-parent changed less than the survey can measure between the 2015-2019 and 2020-2024 surveys (16.5% then, 17.4% now; margin ±2.9pp).

Within the survey margin, 2015-2019 vs 2020-2024 surveys; 6 of 29 similar-size cities show a real change.
Longer view: single-parent fell 2.2 percentage points from 2014 to 2024 (19.6% to 17.4%).
17.4%
20102024
Open in Explorer →
▸ Compare all 30 similar-size cities by change rank
Change is measured between each place's two non-overlapping survey periods against its published margins (90% confidence). significant improvement · significant worsening · not significant (within the margin). Change rank orders every measured change; read it with the dot beside it, ranks among hollow-dot rows are ordering values inside their margins. Today's rank orders current values in the metric's better direction.
Place Latest2020-2024 survey Today's rank Change2015-2019 → 2020-2024 Sig. Change rank History Latest vs. peers
Virginia ref 27.4% +0.3pp
United States ref 29.9% -0.2pp
Moreno Valley, CA 38.9% 11th +5.9pp 1st 17% above peers
Scottsdale, AZ 26.6% 24th +3.7pp 2nd 20% below peers
Tacoma, WA 38.4% 12th +4.3pp 3rd 15% above peers
Laredo, TX 39.6% 10th +4.4pp 4th 19% above peers
Enterprise, NV 28.5% 21st +2.9pp 5th 14% below peers
Fremont, CA 10.4% 30th +0.8pp 6th 69% below peers
Cape Coral, FL 29.0% 20th +2.0pp 7th 13% below peers
Hialeah, FL 46.8% 3rd +3.1pp 8th 41% above peers
Fontana, CA 27.7% 22nd +1.8pp 9th 17% below peers
Port St. Lucie, FL 31.6% 17th +2.1pp 10th 5% below peers
Arlington, VA 17.4% 28th +0.9pp 11th 48% below peers
Santa Clarita, CA 20.0% 26th +0.6pp 12th 40% below peers
Spring Valley, NV 40.0% 9th +0.8pp 13th 20% above peers
Garland, TX 31.1% 18th +0.5pp 14th 7% below peers
Boise, ID 27.2% 23rd +0.3pp 15th 18% below peers
Baton Rouge, LA 53.2% 2nd -0.1pp 16th 60% above peers
Modesto, CA 33.3% 15th -0.1pp 17th on par with peers
Norfolk, VA 46.5% 4th -0.5pp 18th 40% above peers
McKinney, TX 17.8% 27th -0.2pp 19th 47% below peers
San Bernardino, CA 45.4% 5th -0.9pp 20th 36% above peers
Fayetteville, NC 43.4% 6th -0.9pp 21st 30% above peers
Des Moines, IA 42.6% 7th -1.1pp 22nd 28% above peers
Winston-Salem, NC 41.9% 8th -1.3pp 23rd 26% above peers
Chesapeake, VA 30.1% 19th -1.1pp 24th 10% below peers
Richmond, VA 55.8% 1st -3.3pp 25th 68% above peers
Huntsville, AL 35.6% 13th -3.2pp 26th 7% above peers
Frisco, TX 11.9% 29th -1.1pp 27th 64% below peers
Irving, TX 25.9% 25th -3.4pp 28th 22% below peers
Spokane, WA 32.5% 16th -5.2pp 29th 2% below peers
Glendale, AZ 33.9% 14th -7.3pp 30th 2% above peers
▸ Where is this changing? 71 census tracts
Each tract is colored and ranked by its change from 2019 to 2024, between the same two survey periods as the card above, as a share of its own starting level: blue tracts rose, orange tracts fell. Tracts marked * moved less than their own survey margin, so their color is a direction, not a claim. Hover a tract for its numbers and history, or a table row to find that tract on the map; click either for its location or its data in the Explorer.
DemographicsChildren in single-parent families
Loading tract map…
20 of 71 tracts cover a shorter window (dashed outline; mostly 2020 boundary changes); 3 have too little data to show a change (gray). Each tract's change uses the same two survey periods as the card above and is judged against the tract's own published margins; tracts marked * moved less than their margin. How the tract view works →
Census ACS 5-year survey (table B09002) through 2024 ±2.4pp at 90% confidence (2024 estimate) survey trend: 2015-2019 vs 2020-2024 surveys about this metric
Demographics

Young children with all parents in the labor force

No better direction No measurable change
Compared against How peers are chosen →

Working parents changed less than the survey can measure between the 2015-2019 and 2020-2024 surveys (73.8% then, 74.8% now; margin ±6.5pp).

Within the survey margin, 2015-2019 vs 2020-2024 surveys; 5 of 29 similar-size cities show a real change.
Longer view: working parents rose 7.9 percentage points from 2014 to 2024 (66.9% to 74.8%).
74.8%
20102024
Open in Explorer →
▸ Compare all 30 similar-size cities by change rank
Change is measured between each place's two non-overlapping survey periods against its published margins (90% confidence). significant improvement · significant worsening · not significant (within the margin). Change rank orders every measured change; read it with the dot beside it, ranks among hollow-dot rows are ordering values inside their margins. Today's rank orders current values in the metric's better direction.
Place Latest2020-2024 survey Today's rank Change2015-2019 → 2020-2024 Sig. Change rank History Latest vs. peers
Virginia ref 69.3% +1.7pp
United States ref 68.1% +1.9pp
Fremont, CA 69.9% 11th +12.8pp 1st 2% above peers
Santa Clarita, CA 69.0% 14th +8.7pp 2nd 1% above peers
Frisco, TX 70.6% 10th +8.8pp 3rd 3% above peers
Scottsdale, AZ 69.0% 13th +6.8pp 4th 1% above peers
Moreno Valley, CA 61.4% 23rd +5.8pp 5th 11% below peers
Tacoma, WA 67.4% 17th +6.1pp 6th 2% below peers
Cape Coral, FL 73.3% 2nd +6.6pp 7th 7% above peers
McKinney, TX 69.2% 12th +5.9pp 8th 1% above peers
Laredo, TX 56.3% 29th +4.2pp 9th 18% below peers
Spring Valley, NV 70.7% 8th +4.6pp 10th 3% above peers
Winston-Salem, NC 65.2% 19th +2.3pp 11th 5% below peers
Huntsville, AL 70.8% 7th +2.5pp 12th 3% above peers
Norfolk, VA 67.7% 16th +1.6pp 13th 1% below peers
Enterprise, NV 73.0% 3rd +1.6pp 14th 6% above peers
Arlington, VA 74.8% 1st +1.0pp 15th 9% above peers
Glendale, AZ 63.5% 22nd -0.5pp 16th 7% below peers
Garland, TX 60.7% 24th -0.6pp 17th 12% below peers
Spokane, WA 64.4% 20th -1.2pp 18th 6% below peers
Hialeah, FL 71.5% 6th -1.3pp 19th 4% above peers
Chesapeake, VA 65.3% 18th -1.4pp 20th 5% below peers
Modesto, CA 58.1% 26th -2.0pp 21st 15% below peers
Fontana, CA 57.0% 28th -2.0pp 22nd 17% below peers
Port St. Lucie, FL 73.0% 4th -2.8pp 23rd 6% above peers
Des Moines, IA 70.7% 9th -2.9pp 24th 3% above peers
San Bernardino, CA 60.3% 25th -2.8pp 25th 12% below peers
Boise, ID 63.9% 21st -3.2pp 26th 7% below peers
Fayetteville, NC 57.4% 27th -4.0pp 27th 16% below peers
Baton Rouge, LA 72.3% 5th -5.2pp 28th 5% above peers
Richmond, VA 68.7% 15th -5.6pp 29th on par with peers
Irving, TX 53.4% 30th -8.5pp 30th 22% below peers
▸ Where is this changing? 71 census tracts
Each tract is colored and ranked by its change from 2019 to 2024, between the same two survey periods as the card above, as a share of its own starting level: blue tracts rose, orange tracts fell. Tracts marked * moved less than their own survey margin, so their color is a direction, not a claim. Hover a tract for its numbers and history, or a table row to find that tract on the map; click either for its location or its data in the Explorer.
DemographicsYoung children with all parents in the labor force
Loading tract map…
20 of 71 tracts cover a shorter window (dashed outline; mostly 2020 boundary changes); 4 have too little data to show a change (gray). Each tract's change uses the same two survey periods as the card above and is judged against the tract's own published margins; tracts marked * moved less than their margin. How the tract view works →
Census ACS 5-year survey (table B23008) through 2024 ±4.7pp at 90% confidence (2024 estimate) survey trend: 2015-2019 vs 2020-2024 surveys about this metric
See all Demographics data →