DataWorks Commons
Modesto, CA
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Modesto, CA

See all data for this place → See Modesto on Skyline →
219,652 people (2025) 100k-250k West

Bright spots 11 indicators

Where Modesto, CA shows a real improvement in recent years, or stands clearly ahead of its peers. How this is calculated →
Household income
Median household income
$79,891
2020-24
▲ 35%
relative change
$59,287 in 2019
Real improvement Trailing peers
Learn more ↓
Child poverty
Share of children below the poverty level
16.5%
2020-24
▼ 20%
relative change
20.7% in 2019
Real improvement Trailing peers
Learn more ↓
 ★
Uninsured
People without health insurance
4.7%
2020-24
▼ 19%
relative change
5.8% in 2019
Real improvement Leading peers
Learn more ↓
College attainment
Adults with a bachelor's degree or higher
21.2%
2020-24
▲ 13%
relative change
18.7% in 2019
Real improvement Trailing peers
Learn more ↓
Poverty
Share of people below the poverty level
13.3%
2020-24
▼ 12%
relative change
15.2% in 2019
Real improvement Trailing peers
Learn more ↓
Unemployment
Unemployment rate
6.7%
Jul 2026
▼ 8%
relative change
7.3% a year earlier
Dropping fast, still behind peers Trailing peers
Learn more ↓
Homeownership
Homeownership rate
58.9%
2020-24
▲ 7%
relative change
55.1% in 2019
Improving (small) Leading peers
Learn more ↓
Broadband
Households with a broadband internet subscription
92.1%
2020-24
▲ 6%
relative change
86.9% in 2019
Real improvement Trailing peers
Learn more ↓
 ★
Child uninsured
Children without health insurance
1.9%
2020-24
▼ 23%
relative change
2.5% in 2019
No measurable change Leading peers
Learn more ↓
Inequality
Income inequality (Gini index)
0.44
2020-24
▲ 1%
relative change
0.44 in 2019
No measurable change Trailing peers
Learn more ↓
No vehicle
Households without a vehicle
6.3%
2020-24
▼ 4%
relative change
6.6% in 2019
No measurable change Leading peers
Learn more ↓

What needs attention 3 indicators

Where Modesto, CA shows a real worsening in recent years, or trails its peers clearly. How this is calculated →
Preschool enrollment
Children ages 3-4 enrolled in preschool
32.2%
2020-24
▼ 19%
relative change
40.0% in 2019
Worsening Trailing peers
Learn more ↓
Disconnected youth
Teens not in school and not working
9.4%
2020-24
▲ 21%
relative change
7.8% in 2019
No measurable change Trailing peers
Learn more ↓
SNAP
Households receiving SNAP
15.8%
2019-23
▲ 4%
relative change
15.2% in 2018
No measurable change Trailing peers
Learn more ↓

Big moves & big gaps 4 indicators

Real movement and big differences from peers, where neither direction is simply good or bad. Biggest relative change first; big-gap cards come last. How this is calculated →
Population
219,215
2020-24
▲ 3%
relative change
212,616 in 2019
Rising Among the lowest of peers
Learn more ↓
Rent
Typical asking rent
$2,021
Aug 2026
▲ 1%
relative change
$2,001 a year earlier
Rising recently Among the highest of peers
Learn more ↓
Working parents
Young children with all parents in the labor force
58.1%
2020-24
low
vs peers
60.1% in 2019
No measurable change Among the lowest of peers
Learn more ↓
Children
Children's share of the population
26.2%
2020-24
high
vs peers
25.5% in 2019
No measurable change Among the highest of peers
Learn more ↓

All indicators

Economy 7 indicators
Economy

Median household income

▲ Higher is better Real improvement
Compared against How peers are chosen →
What changed

Household income rose about 35% between the 2015-2019 and 2020-2024 surveys, from $59,287 to $79,891 (each survey's own dollars, not adjusted for inflation) - more than the combined survey margin (±$2,258).

Broader trend
All similar-size cities show a real change in the same direction. Modesto started mid-pack and has reached a genuinely better level; worth investigating.
Longer view
Household income rose about 68% from 2014 to 2024 ($47,607 to $79,891).
Bright spot $79,891
20102024
Open in Explorer →
▸ Compare all 31 similar-size cities by change rank
Change is measured between each place's two non-overlapping survey periods against its published margins (90% confidence). significant improvement · significant worsening · not significant (within the margin). Change rank orders every measured change; read it with the dot beside it, ranks among hollow-dot rows are ordering values inside their margins. Today's rank orders current values in the metric's better direction.
Place Latest2020-2024 survey Today's rank Change2015-2019 → 2020-2024 Sig. Change rank History Latest vs. peers
California ref $99,122 +32%
United States ref $80,734 +28%
Hialeah, FL $55,594 29th +59% 1st 26% below peers
San Bernardino, CA $67,415 20th +47% 2nd 10% below peers
Worcester, MA $70,102 18th +46% 3rd 6% below peers
Fontana, CA $102,821 7th +41% 4th 38% above peers
Moreno Valley, CA $93,222 8th +41% 5th 25% above peers
Spokane, WA $70,064 19th +39% 6th 6% below peers
Tacoma, WA $85,884 9th +38% 7th 15% above peers
Richmond, VA $64,587 24th +37% 8th 14% below peers
Fremont, CA $181,506 1st +36% 9th 143% above peers
Huntsville, AL $74,714 16th +35% 10th on par with peers
Modesto, CA $79,891 12th +35% 11th 7% above peers
McKinney, TX $124,215 4th +33% 12th 66% above peers
Rochester, NY $47,213 31st +33% 13th 37% below peers
Yonkers, NY $83,549 10th +31% 14th 12% above peers
Fayetteville, NC $58,407 26th +30% 15th 22% below peers
Norfolk, VA $66,109 21st +28% 16th 12% below peers
Spring Valley, NV $74,511 17th +28% 17th on par with peers
Sioux Falls, SD $75,970 14th +27% 18th 2% above peers
Cape Coral, FL $78,104 13th +27% 19th 5% above peers
Tallahassee, FL $57,409 28th +26% 20th 23% below peers
Columbus, GA $58,073 27th +25% 21st 22% below peers
Amarillo, TX $65,912 23rd +25% 22nd 12% below peers
Salt Lake City, UT $75,090 15th +24% 23rd 1% above peers
Santa Clarita, CA $123,062 5th +23% 24th 65% above peers
Des Moines, IA $65,932 22nd +23% 25th 12% below peers
Little Rock, AR $63,003 25th +22% 26th 16% below peers
Overland Park, KS $104,834 6th +21% 27th 40% above peers
Grand Prairie, TX $81,619 11th +21% 28th 9% above peers
Arlington, VA $142,114 3rd +18% 29th 90% above peers
Frisco, TX $150,212 2nd +18% 30th 101% above peers
Baton Rouge, LA $49,994 30th +12% 31st 33% below peers
▸ Where is this changing? 45 census tracts
Each tract is colored and ranked by its change from 2019 to 2024, between the same two survey periods as the card above, as a share of its own starting level: green tracts improved, red tracts moved the wrong way. Tracts marked * moved less than their own survey margin, so their color is a direction, not a claim. Hover a tract for its numbers and history, or a table row to find that tract on the map; click either for its location or its data in the Explorer.
EconomyMedian household income
Loading tract map…
7 of 45 tracts cover a shorter window (dashed outline; mostly 2020 boundary changes). Each tract's change uses the same two survey periods as the card above and is judged against the tract's own published margins; tracts marked * moved less than their margin. How the tract view works →
▸ Break down by group Race · ACS 2024
Loading breakdown…
How breakdowns work →
▸

Peers worth a call

3
Cities of similar size (100k-250k) that started mid-pack, like this city, and whose improvement is sustained over several years, larger than the data's normal noise, and big enough to matter. Referral candidates to investigate, not proven interventions. How we pick these →
  • Salinas, CA up about 49% between its surveys · a larger real gain than 99% of this group · 2019-2024
  • Lancaster, CA up about 48% between its surveys · a larger real gain than 98% of this group · 2019-2024
  • Bend, OR up about 47% between its surveys · a larger real gain than 97% of this group · 2019-2024
Census ACS 5-year survey through 2024 ±$1,825 at 90% confidence (2024 estimate) survey trend: 2015-2019 vs 2020-2024 surveys about this metric
Economy

Unemployment rate

▼ Lower is better Improving recently, leading peers
Compared against How peers are chosen →
What changed

Unemployment fell 0.6 percentage points over the 12 months ending July 2026, faster than 89% of similar-size cities.

Broader trend
Multi-year view: unemployment rose about 0.7 percentage points a year from 2022 to 2025. That is movement in the wrong direction.
Longer view
Unemployment fell about 0.2 percentage points a year from 2015 to 2025.
Latest
Most recent monthly reading: 6.7% in July 2026, down from 7.3% a year earlier.
Bright spot 6.7%
1990July 2026
Open in Explorer →
▸ Compare all 29 similar-size cities by change rank
Place Latest Today's rank Changelast 12 months Change rank History Latest vs. peers
California ref 5.1% (Jul 26) -0.4pp
United States ref 4.1% (Aug 26) -0.2pp
San Bernardino, CA 5.9% (Jul 26) 26th -0.9pp 1st 28% above peers
Santa Clarita, CA 4.9% (Jul 26) 19th -0.9pp 2nd 7% above peers
Fontana, CA 5.1% (Jul 26) 22nd -0.6pp 3rd 11% above peers
Modesto, CA 6.7% (Jul 26) 29th -0.6pp 4th 46% above peers
Des Moines, IA 3.7% (Jul 26) 6th -0.6pp 5th 20% below peers
Spokane, WA 3.5% (Jul 26) 5th -0.6pp 6th 24% below peers
Baton Rouge, LA 4.6% (Jul 26) 15th -0.5pp 7th on par with peers
Fremont, CA 4.3% (Jul 26) 10th -0.5pp 8th 7% below peers
Fayetteville, NC 5.1% (Jul 26) 23rd -0.5pp 9th 11% above peers
Hialeah, FL 2.3% (Jul 26) 2nd -0.5pp 10th 50% below peers
Moreno Valley, CA 6.0% (Jul 26) 27th -0.4pp 11th 30% above peers
Columbus, GA 4.0% (Jul 26) 8th -0.2pp 12th 13% below peers
Worcester, MA 4.9% (Jul 26) 20th -0.2pp 13th 7% above peers
Salt Lake City, UT 3.4% (Jul 26) 4th -0.1pp 14th 26% below peers
Little Rock, AR 4.4% (Jul 26) 13th -0.1pp 15th 4% below peers
Sioux Falls, SD 1.9% (Jul 26) 1st +0.1pp 16th 59% below peers
Overland Park, KS 4.0% (Jul 26) 9th +0.2pp 17th 13% below peers
Yonkers, NY 4.7% (Jul 26) 16th +0.3pp 18th 2% above peers
Norfolk, VA 4.4% (Jul 26) 14th +0.3pp 19th 4% below peers
Tacoma, WA 5.4% (Jul 26) 24th +0.4pp 20th 17% above peers
Grand Prairie, TX 4.8% (Jul 26) 18th +0.5pp 21st 4% above peers
Rochester, NY 6.1% (Jul 26) 28th +0.5pp 22nd 33% above peers
McKinney, TX 4.7% (Jul 26) 17th +0.5pp 23rd 2% above peers
Frisco, TX 4.3% (Jul 26) 11th +0.5pp 24th 7% below peers
Richmond, VA 4.3% (Jul 26) 12th +0.5pp 25th 7% below peers
Huntsville, AL 3.3% (Jul 26) 3rd +0.6pp 26th 28% below peers
Amarillo, TX 3.9% (Jul 26) 7th +0.6pp 27th 15% below peers
Cape Coral, FL 5.0% (Jul 26) 21st +0.7pp 28th 9% above peers
Tallahassee, FL 5.5% (Jul 26) 25th +0.8pp 29th 20% above peers
BLS Local Area Unemployment Statistics through 2025 administrative trend: robust fit about this metric
Economy

Share of people below the poverty level

▼ Lower is better Real improvement
Compared against How peers are chosen →
What changed

Poverty fell 1.8 percentage points between the 2015-2019 and 2020-2024 surveys, from 15.2% to 13.3% - more than the combined survey margin (±1.5pp).

Broader trend
47% of similar-size cities show a real change in the same direction; 3% moved the other way. Modesto started mid-pack and has reached a genuinely better level; worth investigating.
Longer view
Poverty fell 7.1 percentage points from 2014 to 2024 (20.5% to 13.3%).
Bright spot 13.3%
20112024
Open in Explorer →
▸ Compare all 31 similar-size cities by change rank
Change is measured between each place's two non-overlapping survey periods against its published margins (90% confidence). significant improvement · significant worsening · not significant (within the margin). Change rank orders every measured change; read it with the dot beside it, ranks among hollow-dot rows are ordering values inside their margins. Today's rank orders current values in the metric's better direction.
Place Latest2020-2024 survey Today's rank Change2015-2019 → 2020-2024 Sig. Change rank History Latest vs. peers
California ref 12.0% -1.3pp
United States ref 12.4%
San Bernardino, CA 18.6% 26th -7.4pp 1st 37% above peers
Huntsville, AL 12.6% 14th -4.2pp 2nd 7% below peers
Hialeah, FL 17.0% 22nd -5.4pp 3rd 25% above peers
Fontana, CA 9.9% 8th -3.0pp 4th 27% below peers
Richmond, VA 18.2% 25th -5.0pp 5th 34% above peers
Spokane, WA 13.8% 17th -3.5pp 6th 1% above peers
Moreno Valley, CA 11.7% 10th -2.8pp 7th 14% below peers
Salt Lake City, UT 13.6% 16th -3.0pp 8th on par with peers
McKinney, TX 5.7% 4th -1.2pp 9th 58% below peers
Tacoma, WA 12.4% 13th -2.2pp 10th 9% below peers
Modesto, CA 13.3% 15th -1.8pp 11th 2% below peers
Norfolk, VA 16.5% 21st -2.2pp 12th 21% above peers
Rochester, NY 27.8% 31st -3.5pp 13th 105% above peers
Tallahassee, FL 23.6% 29th -2.7pp 14th 74% above peers
Santa Clarita, CA 7.4% 6th -0.8pp 15th 45% below peers
Fayetteville, NC 17.7% 24th -1.6pp 16th 30% above peers
Columbus, GA 19.1% 27th -1.6pp 17th 40% above peers
Sioux Falls, SD 9.6% 7th -0.8pp 18th 29% below peers
Yonkers, NY 13.8% 18th -1.1pp 19th 2% above peers
Des Moines, IA 14.9% 19th -1.1pp 20th 10% above peers
Frisco, TX 3.5% 1st -0.1pp 21st 74% below peers
Worcester, MA 19.6% 28th -0.4pp 22nd 44% above peers
Spring Valley, NV 12.2% 12th -0.1pp 23rd 11% below peers
Cape Coral, FL 10.8% 9th +0.3pp 24th 21% below peers
Baton Rouge, LA 25.7% 30th +0.9pp 25th 89% above peers
Amarillo, TX 15.8% 20th +0.7pp 26th 16% above peers
Little Rock, AR 17.5% 23rd +0.9pp 27th 29% above peers
Grand Prairie, TX 12.1% 11th +0.7pp 28th 11% below peers
Arlington, VA 7.4% 5th +0.6pp 29th 46% below peers
Overland Park, KS 5.6% 3rd +0.8pp 30th 58% below peers
Fremont, CA 5.2% 2nd +0.9pp 31st 62% below peers
▸ Where is this changing? 45 census tracts
Each tract is colored and ranked by its change from 2019 to 2024, between the same two survey periods as the card above, as a share of its own starting level: green tracts improved, red tracts moved the wrong way. Tracts marked * moved less than their own survey margin, so their color is a direction, not a claim. Hover a tract for its numbers and history, or a table row to find that tract on the map; click either for its location or its data in the Explorer.
EconomyShare of people below the poverty level
Loading tract map…
7 of 45 tracts cover a shorter window (dashed outline; mostly 2020 boundary changes). Each tract's change uses the same two survey periods as the card above and is judged against the tract's own published margins; tracts marked * moved less than their margin. How the tract view works →
▸ Break down by group Race · Age · Sex · ACS 2024
Loading breakdown…
How breakdowns work →
▸

Peers worth a call

3
Cities of similar size (100k-250k) that started mid-pack, like this city, and whose improvement is sustained over several years, larger than the data's normal noise, and big enough to matter. Referral candidates to investigate, not proven interventions. How we pick these →
  • Murfreesboro, TN down 5.8pp between its surveys · a larger real gain than 100% of this group · 2019-2024
  • Visalia, CA down 4.7pp between its surveys · a larger real gain than 97% of this group · 2019-2024
  • Huntsville, AL down 4.2pp between its surveys · a larger real gain than 95% of this group · 2019-2024
Census ACS 5-year survey through 2024 ±1.1pp at 90% confidence (2024 estimate) survey trend: 2015-2019 vs 2020-2024 surveys about this metric
Economy

Share of children below the poverty level

▼ Lower is better Real improvement
Compared against How peers are chosen →
What changed

Child poverty fell 4.2 percentage points between the 2015-2019 and 2020-2024 surveys, from 20.7% to 16.5% - more than the combined survey margin (±2.0pp).

Broader trend
53% of similar-size cities show a real change in the same direction; 7% moved the other way. Modesto started mid-pack and has reached a genuinely better level; worth investigating.
Longer view
Child poverty fell 13.1 percentage points from 2014 to 2024 (29.6% to 16.5%).
Bright spot 16.5%
20132024
Open in Explorer →
▸ Compare all 31 similar-size cities by change rank
Change is measured between each place's two non-overlapping survey periods against its published margins (90% confidence). significant improvement · significant worsening · not significant (within the margin). Change rank orders every measured change; read it with the dot beside it, ranks among hollow-dot rows are ordering values inside their margins. Today's rank orders current values in the metric's better direction.
Place Latest2020-2024 survey Today's rank Change2015-2019 → 2020-2024 Sig. Change rank History Latest vs. peers
California ref 15.0% -3.1pp
United States ref 16.1%
Salt Lake City, UT 13.2% 8th -7.2pp 1st 23% below peers
Hialeah, FL 19.5% 19th -9.9pp 2nd 15% above peers
Huntsville, AL 17.0% 16th -8.5pp 3rd on par with peers
San Bernardino, CA 25.8% 27th -12.1pp 4th 52% above peers
Spokane, WA 14.7% 11th -6.4pp 5th 14% below peers
Fontana, CA 13.5% 9th -5.7pp 6th 20% below peers
Richmond, VA 28.1% 29th -8.9pp 7th 65% above peers
McKinney, TX 6.7% 4th -1.8pp 8th 60% below peers
Modesto, CA 16.5% 15th -4.2pp 9th 3% below peers
Moreno Valley, CA 16.2% 14th -3.9pp 10th 5% below peers
Santa Clarita, CA 8.7% 6th -1.7pp 11th 49% below peers
Tacoma, WA 16.1% 13th -2.7pp 12th 5% below peers
Worcester, MA 23.3% 23rd -3.7pp 13th 37% above peers
Spring Valley, NV 14.9% 12th -2.3pp 14th 12% below peers
Yonkers, NY 19.0% 18th -2.9pp 15th 12% above peers
Rochester, NY 41.3% 31st -6.3pp 16th 143% above peers
Fayetteville, NC 24.5% 24th -3.5pp 17th 44% above peers
Tallahassee, FL 21.6% 20th -2.8pp 18th 27% above peers
Columbus, GA 25.5% 26th -3.2pp 19th 50% above peers
Norfolk, VA 25.2% 25th -3.1pp 20th 48% above peers
Baton Rouge, LA 32.4% 30th -3.3pp 21st 91% above peers
Sioux Falls, SD 12.0% 7th -0.9pp 22nd 29% below peers
Overland Park, KS 5.0% 3rd -0.3pp 23rd 70% below peers
Des Moines, IA 22.1% 21st -1.1pp 24th 30% above peers
Grand Prairie, TX 17.7% 17th +0.6pp 25th 4% above peers
Frisco, TX 3.2% 1st +0.2pp 26th 81% below peers
Cape Coral, FL 13.8% 10th +0.7pp 27th 19% below peers
Little Rock, AR 26.9% 28th +3.2pp 28th 58% above peers
Amarillo, TX 23.0% 22nd +2.8pp 29th 35% above peers
Arlington, VA 7.8% 5th +1.2pp 30th 54% below peers
Fremont, CA 4.5% 2nd +1.4pp 31st 74% below peers
▸ Where is this changing? 45 census tracts
Each tract is colored and ranked by its change from 2019 to 2024, between the same two survey periods as the card above, as a share of its own starting level: green tracts improved, red tracts moved the wrong way. Tracts marked * moved less than their own survey margin, so their color is a direction, not a claim. Hover a tract for its numbers and history, or a table row to find that tract on the map; click either for its location or its data in the Explorer.
EconomyShare of children below the poverty level
Loading tract map…
7 of 45 tracts cover a shorter window (dashed outline; mostly 2020 boundary changes). Each tract's change uses the same two survey periods as the card above and is judged against the tract's own published margins; tracts marked * moved less than their margin. How the tract view works →
▸

Peers worth a call

3
Cities of similar size (100k-250k) that started mid-pack, like this city, and whose improvement is sustained over several years, larger than the data's normal noise, and big enough to matter. Referral candidates to investigate, not proven interventions. How we pick these →
  • Murfreesboro, TN down 11.8pp between its surveys · a larger real gain than 100% of this group · 2019-2024
  • Lewisville, TX down 7.1pp between its surveys · a larger real gain than 98% of this group · 2019-2024
  • San Angelo, TX down 9.0pp between its surveys · a larger real gain than 97% of this group · 2019-2024
Census ACS 5-year survey through 2024 ±1.5pp at 90% confidence (2024 estimate) survey trend: 2015-2019 vs 2020-2024 surveys about this metric
Economy

Households with a broadband internet subscription

▲ Higher is better Real improvement
Compared against How peers are chosen →
What changed

Broadband rose 5.3 percentage points between the 2015-2019 and 2020-2024 surveys, from 86.9% to 92.1% - more than the combined survey margin (±1.2pp).

Broader trend
All similar-size cities show a real change in the same direction. Modesto started among the stronger third of similar-size cities and kept improving; worth investigating.
Longer view
Broadband rose 10.7 percentage points from 2017 to 2024 (81.4% to 92.1%).
Bright spot 92.1%
20172024
Open in Explorer →
▸ Compare all 31 similar-size cities by change rank
Change is measured between each place's two non-overlapping survey periods against its published margins (90% confidence). significant improvement · significant worsening · not significant (within the margin). Change rank orders every measured change; read it with the dot beside it, ranks among hollow-dot rows are ordering values inside their margins. Today's rank orders current values in the metric's better direction.
Place Latest2020-2024 survey Today's rank Change2015-2019 → 2020-2024 Sig. Change rank History Latest vs. peers
California ref 93.6% +6.6pp
United States ref 91.1%
Hialeah, FL 86.7% 29th +15.7pp 1st 6% below peers
San Bernardino, CA 89.1% 27th +15.2pp 2nd 3% below peers
Yonkers, NY 92.2% 14th +12.0pp 3rd on par with peers
Little Rock, AR 91.4% 19th +11.5pp 4th 1% below peers
Richmond, VA 86.3% 31st +10.6pp 5th 6% below peers
Rochester, NY 86.6% 30th +10.5pp 6th 6% below peers
Columbus, GA 89.4% 24th +10.8pp 7th 3% below peers
Worcester, MA 91.2% 20th +10.6pp 8th 1% below peers
Des Moines, IA 90.0% 23rd +9.8pp 9th 2% below peers
Fontana, CA 96.3% 4th +10.4pp 10th 5% above peers
Grand Prairie, TX 93.0% 11th +9.6pp 11th 1% above peers
Baton Rouge, LA 89.4% 25th +8.9pp 12th 3% below peers
Amarillo, TX 89.2% 26th +8.8pp 13th 3% below peers
Tacoma, WA 92.9% 13th +8.9pp 14th 1% above peers
Salt Lake City, UT 91.1% 21st +7.0pp 15th 1% below peers
Spring Valley, NV 93.1% 10th +7.0pp 16th 1% above peers
Fayetteville, NC 91.5% 18th +6.8pp 17th on par with peers
Sioux Falls, SD 93.5% 9th +7.0pp 18th 2% above peers
Huntsville, AL 91.9% 17th +6.4pp 19th on par with peers
Spokane, WA 92.0% 16th +5.7pp 20th on par with peers
Norfolk, VA 89.0% 28th +5.4pp 21st 3% below peers
McKinney, TX 95.7% 6th +5.5pp 22nd 4% above peers
Modesto, CA 92.1% 15th +5.3pp 23rd on par with peers
Cape Coral, FL 93.0% 12th +4.6pp 24th 1% above peers
Moreno Valley, CA 94.7% 8th +4.1pp 25th 3% above peers
Arlington, VA 95.2% 7th +3.7pp 26th 4% above peers
Santa Clarita, CA 96.7% 3rd +3.7pp 27th 5% above peers
Fremont, CA 96.8% 2nd +3.5pp 28th 5% above peers
Tallahassee, FL 91.1% 22nd +2.8pp 29th 1% below peers
Overland Park, KS 96.0% 5th +2.5pp 30th 4% above peers
Frisco, TX 97.7% 1st +1.8pp 31st 6% above peers
▸ Where is this changing? 45 census tracts
Each tract is colored and ranked by its change from 2019 to 2024, between the same two survey periods as the card above, as a share of its own starting level: green tracts improved, red tracts moved the wrong way. Tracts marked * moved less than their own survey margin, so their color is a direction, not a claim. Hover a tract for its numbers and history, or a table row to find that tract on the map; click either for its location or its data in the Explorer.
EconomyHouseholds with a broadband internet subscription
Loading tract map…
7 of 45 tracts cover a shorter window (dashed outline; mostly 2020 boundary changes). Each tract's change uses the same two survey periods as the card above and is judged against the tract's own published margins; tracts marked * moved less than their margin. How the tract view works →
▸

Peers worth a call

3
Cities of similar size (100k-250k) that started in the strongest third, like this city, and whose improvement is sustained over several years, larger than the data's normal noise, and big enough to matter. Referral candidates to investigate, not proven interventions. How we pick these →
  • Antioch, CA up 7.0pp between its surveys · a larger real gain than 50% of this group · 2019-2024
  • Carrollton, TX up 6.8pp between its surveys · a smaller real gain than 51% of this group · 2019-2024
  • Clovis, CA up 6.5pp between its surveys · a smaller real gain than 51% of this group · 2019-2024
Census ACS 5-year survey through 2024 ±0.8pp at 90% confidence (2024 estimate) survey trend: 2015-2019 vs 2020-2024 surveys about this metric
Economy

Income inequality (Gini index)

▼ Lower is better No measurable change
Compared against How peers are chosen →
What changed

Inequality changed less than the survey can measure between the 2015-2019 and 2020-2024 surveys (0.44 then, 0.44 now; margin ±0.01).

Broader trend
37% of similar-size cities show a real change in either direction.
Longer view
Inequality fell about 4% from 2014 to 2024 (0.46 to 0.44).
Bright spot 0.44
20102024
Open in Explorer →
▸ Compare all 31 similar-size cities by change rank
Change is measured between each place's two non-overlapping survey periods against its published margins (90% confidence). significant improvement · significant worsening · not significant (within the margin). Change rank orders every measured change; read it with the dot beside it, ranks among hollow-dot rows are ordering values inside their margins. Today's rank orders current values in the metric's better direction.
Place Latest2020-2024 survey Today's rank Change2015-2019 → 2020-2024 Sig. Change rank History Latest vs. peers
California ref 0.49 +0.000
United States ref 0.48 +0.001
Richmond, VA 0.51 29th -0.032 1st 13% above peers
San Bernardino, CA 0.43 8th -0.018 2nd 5% below peers
Yonkers, NY 0.48 22nd -0.020 3rd 5% above peers
Fontana, CA 0.38 1st -0.014 4th 16% below peers
Norfolk, VA 0.47 20th -0.017 5th 4% above peers
Spokane, WA 0.45 16th -0.016 6th on par with peers
Worcester, MA 0.48 23rd -0.015 7th 5% above peers
Tacoma, WA 0.43 10th -0.011 8th 4% below peers
Huntsville, AL 0.49 24th -0.010 9th 7% above peers
Des Moines, IA 0.44 11th -0.008 10th 3% below peers
Columbus, GA 0.49 25th -0.007 11th 8% above peers
Little Rock, AR 0.53 30th -0.007 12th 16% above peers
Rochester, NY 0.50 26th -0.004 13th 10% above peers
Hialeah, FL 0.46 17th -0.003 14th 2% above peers
Moreno Valley, CA 0.38 2nd -0.002 15th 16% below peers
Fayetteville, NC 0.45 14th +0.000 16th 2% below peers
Salt Lake City, UT 0.50 27th +0.002 17th 11% above peers
Modesto, CA 0.44 12th +0.006 18th 3% below peers
Tallahassee, FL 0.51 28th +0.009 19th 13% above peers
Frisco, TX 0.42 5th +0.009 20th 7% below peers
McKinney, TX 0.42 6th +0.009 21st 7% below peers
Sioux Falls, SD 0.45 15th +0.010 22nd on par with peers
Overland Park, KS 0.45 13th +0.011 23rd 2% below peers
Cape Coral, FL 0.43 9th +0.011 24th 5% below peers
Grand Prairie, TX 0.41 3rd +0.013 25th 10% below peers
Amarillo, TX 0.48 21st +0.017 26th 5% above peers
Baton Rouge, LA 0.56 31st +0.023 27th 24% above peers
Santa Clarita, CA 0.42 4th +0.017 28th 8% below peers
Arlington, VA 0.46 18th +0.019 29th 2% above peers
Fremont, CA 0.42 7th +0.023 30th 7% below peers
Spring Valley, NV 0.46 19th +0.028 31st 2% above peers
Census ACS 5-year survey (table B19083) through 2024 ±0.01 at 90% confidence (2024 estimate) survey trend: 2015-2019 vs 2020-2024 surveys about this metric
Economy

Households receiving SNAP

▼ Lower is better No measurable change
Compared against How peers are chosen →
What changed

SNAP changed less than the survey can measure between the 2014-2018 and 2019-2023 surveys (15.2% then, 15.8% now; margin ±1.4pp).

Broader trend
63% of similar-size cities show a real change in either direction.
Longer view
Snap rose 0.7 percentage points from 2013 to 2023 (15.1% to 15.8%).
Needs attention 15.8%
20102023
Open in Explorer →
▸ Compare all 31 similar-size cities by change rank
Change is measured between each place's two non-overlapping survey periods against its published margins (90% confidence). significant improvement · significant worsening · not significant (within the margin). Change rank orders every measured change; read it with the dot beside it, ranks among hollow-dot rows are ordering values inside their margins. Today's rank orders current values in the metric's better direction.
Place Latest2019-2023 survey Today's rank Change2014-2018 → 2019-2023 Sig. Change rank History Latest vs. peers
California ref 11.4% +2.2pp
United States ref 11.8% -0.5pp
Huntsville, AL 9.9% 12th -3.0pp 1st 30% below peers
Salt Lake City, UT 6.5% 6th -1.9pp 2nd 54% below peers
Overland Park, KS 1.9% 2nd -0.6pp 3rd 86% below peers
Grand Prairie, TX 9.1% 10th -2.5pp 4th 36% below peers
Des Moines, IA 16.2% 20th -4.4pp 5th 15% above peers
Cape Coral, FL 7.8% 8th -1.7pp 6th 45% below peers
Tacoma, WA 16.3% 22nd -2.6pp 7th 16% above peers
McKinney, TX 2.6% 3rd -0.4pp 8th 81% below peers
Spokane, WA 19.4% 26th -2.9pp 9th 38% above peers
Columbus, GA 16.6% 23rd -2.3pp 10th 17% above peers
San Bernardino, CA 23.4% 28th -3.2pp 11th 66% above peers
Sioux Falls, SD 8.7% 9th -1.1pp 12th 38% below peers
Amarillo, TX 10.7% 14th -1.3pp 13th 24% below peers
Rochester, NY 31.3% 30th -3.5pp 14th 122% above peers
Richmond, VA 14.6% 18th -1.3pp 15th 4% above peers
Frisco, TX 1.8% 1st -0.1pp 16th 87% below peers
Tallahassee, FL 12.5% 15th -0.9pp 17th 12% below peers
Hialeah, FL 42.1% 31st -2.5pp 18th 199% above peers
Arlington, VA 3.4% 4th +0.1pp 19th 76% below peers
Modesto, CA 15.8% 19th +0.6pp 20th 12% above peers
Baton Rouge, LA 20.1% 27th +0.9pp 21st 42% above peers
Spring Valley, NV 9.8% 11th +0.4pp 22nd 30% below peers
Norfolk, VA 16.3% 21st +0.9pp 23rd 15% above peers
Fontana, CA 14.1% 16th +1.2pp 24th on par with peers
Little Rock, AR 10.7% 13th +1.1pp 25th 25% below peers
Yonkers, NY 18.6% 24th +2.0pp 26th 32% above peers
Fayetteville, NC 19.2% 25th +2.2pp 27th 36% above peers
Moreno Valley, CA 14.5% 17th +1.7pp 28th 2% above peers
Fremont, CA 3.6% 5th +0.6pp 29th 75% below peers
Worcester, MA 26.8% 29th +4.7pp 30th 90% above peers
Santa Clarita, CA 7.3% 7th +2.7pp 31st 48% below peers
▸ Where is this changing? 45 census tracts
Each tract is colored and ranked by its change from 2018 to 2023, between the same two survey periods as the card above, as a share of its own starting level: green tracts improved, red tracts moved the wrong way. Tracts marked * moved less than their own survey margin, so their color is a direction, not a claim. Hover a tract for its numbers and history, or a table row to find that tract on the map; click either for its location or its data in the Explorer.
EconomyHouseholds receiving SNAP
Loading tract map…
7 of 45 tracts cover a shorter window (dashed outline; mostly 2020 boundary changes). Each tract's change uses the same two survey periods as the card above and is judged against the tract's own published margins; tracts marked * moved less than their margin. How the tract view works →
▸

Peers worth a call

3
Cities of similar size (100k-250k) that started mid-pack, like this city, and whose improvement is sustained over several years, larger than the data's normal noise, and big enough to matter. Referral candidates to investigate, not proven interventions. How we pick these →
  • Bend, OR down 4.9pp between its surveys · a larger real gain than 99% of this group · 2018-2023
  • Buckeye, AZ down 4.6pp between its surveys · a larger real gain than 99% of this group · 2018-2023
  • Athens, GA down 5.1pp between its surveys · a larger real gain than 98% of this group · 2018-2023
Census ACS 5-year survey through 2023 ±1.2pp at 90% confidence (2023 estimate) survey trend: 2014-2018 vs 2019-2023 surveys about this metric
See all Economy data →
Housing 6 indicators
Housing

Typical home value

No better direction Rising, slower than peers
Compared against How peers are chosen →
What changed

Home value was essentially flat over the 12 months ending August 2026.

Broader trend
Multi-year view: home value rose about 2% a year from 2021 to 2026, slower than 68% of similar-size cities.
Longer view
Home value rose about 9% a year from 2016 to 2026.
Latest
Most recent monthly reading: $442,564 in August 2026, up from $442,096 a year earlier.
$442,564
2000August 2026
Open in Explorer →
▸ Compare all 30 similar-size cities by change rank
Place Latest Today's rank Changelast 12 months Change rank History Latest vs. peers
California ref $764,158 (Aug 26) +0.4%
United States ref $368,697 (Aug 26) +1.2%
Yonkers, NY $706,055 (Aug 26) 4th +7.0% 1st 62% above peers
Overland Park, KS $483,940 (Aug 26) 11th +5.5% 2nd 11% above peers
Rochester, NY $247,040 (Aug 26) 24th +4.6% 3rd 43% below peers
Amarillo, TX $211,528 (Aug 26) 28th +4.0% 4th 51% below peers
Little Rock, AR $221,588 (Aug 26) 27th +3.7% 5th 49% below peers
Columbus, GA $175,951 (Aug 26) 30th +2.9% 6th 60% below peers
Richmond, VA $364,726 (Aug 26) 17th +2.6% 7th 16% below peers
Salt Lake City, UT $572,003 (Aug 26) 7th +2.4% 8th 31% above peers
San Bernardino, CA $492,161 (Aug 26) 9th +2.0% 9th 13% above peers
Baton Rouge, LA $232,056 (Aug 26) 25th +1.6% 10th 47% below peers
Worcester, MA $435,944 (Aug 26) 15th +1.6% 11th on par with peers
Tallahassee, FL $294,444 (Aug 26) 22nd +1.4% 12th 32% below peers
Norfolk, VA $312,422 (Aug 26) 21st +1.3% 13th 28% below peers
Sioux Falls, SD $332,295 (Aug 26) 19th +1.3% 14th 24% below peers
Huntsville, AL $290,244 (Aug 26) 23rd +1.3% 15th 33% below peers
Arlington, VA $806,571 (Aug 26) 2nd +0.8% 16th 85% above peers
Moreno Valley, CA $551,273 (Aug 26) 8th +0.4% 17th 26% above peers
Fayetteville, NC $224,044 (Aug 26) 26th +0.3% 18th 49% below peers
Fontana, CA $633,683 (Aug 26) 6th +0.2% 19th 45% above peers
Tacoma, WA $488,463 (Aug 26) 10th +0.1% 20th 12% above peers
Modesto, CA $442,564 (Aug 26) 14th +0.1% 21st 2% above peers
Des Moines, IA $210,572 (Aug 26) 29th -0.2% 22nd 52% below peers
Hialeah, FL $442,859 (Aug 26) 13th -0.3% 23rd 2% above peers
Spokane, WA $396,121 (Aug 26) 16th -0.3% 24th 9% below peers
Santa Clarita, CA $787,700 (Aug 26) 3rd -0.9% 25th 81% above peers
Grand Prairie, TX $314,397 (Aug 26) 20th -1.3% 26th 28% below peers
Fremont, CA $1,447,776 (Aug 26) 1st -2.0% 27th 232% above peers
Cape Coral, FL $335,825 (Aug 26) 18th -3.9% 28th 23% below peers
Frisco, TX $638,512 (Aug 26) 5th -4.1% 29th 46% above peers
McKinney, TX $472,118 (Aug 26) 12th -5.6% 30th 8% above peers
Zillow Home Value Index through 2026-08 modeled trend: robust fit about this metric
Housing

Starter home value (bottom tier)

No better direction Rising recently
Compared against How peers are chosen →
What changed

Starter homes rose about 1% over the 12 months ending August 2026, slower than 55% of similar-size cities.

Broader trend
Multi-year view: starter homes rose about 2% a year from 2021 to 2026, slower than 54% of similar-size cities.
Longer view
Starter homes rose about 12% a year from 2016 to 2026.
Latest
Most recent monthly reading: $361,618 in August 2026, up from $358,748 a year earlier.
$361,618
2000August 2026
Open in Explorer →
▸ Compare all 30 similar-size cities by change rank
Place Latest Today's rank Changelast 12 months Change rank History Latest vs. peers
California ref $467,879 (Aug 26) -0.0%
United States ref $200,550 (Aug 26) +2.2%
Yonkers, NY $358,222 (Aug 26) 12th +8.1% 1st 25% above peers
Overland Park, KS $335,304 (Aug 26) 14th +5.7% 2nd 17% above peers
Amarillo, TX $126,073 (Aug 26) 27th +5.6% 3rd 56% below peers
Little Rock, AR $116,179 (Aug 26) 29th +5.6% 4th 60% below peers
Rochester, NY $163,825 (Aug 26) 24th +4.2% 5th 43% below peers
Richmond, VA $252,463 (Aug 26) 17th +3.0% 6th 12% below peers
San Bernardino, CA $403,548 (Aug 26) 8th +2.6% 7th 41% above peers
Worcester, MA $345,745 (Aug 26) 13th +2.5% 8th 20% above peers
Norfolk, VA $234,902 (Aug 26) 21st +2.1% 9th 18% below peers
Fayetteville, NC $155,564 (Aug 26) 25th +2.1% 10th 46% below peers
Huntsville, AL $169,430 (Aug 26) 23rd +1.7% 11th 41% below peers
Tallahassee, FL $181,951 (Aug 26) 22nd +1.4% 12th 37% below peers
Moreno Valley, CA $494,959 (Aug 26) 4th +1.2% 13th 72% above peers
Columbus, GA $92,045 (Aug 26) 30th +1.2% 14th 68% below peers
Fontana, CA $544,358 (Aug 26) 3rd +1.0% 15th 90% above peers
Salt Lake City, UT $403,783 (Aug 26) 7th +1.0% 16th 41% above peers
Modesto, CA $361,618 (Aug 26) 10th +0.8% 17th 26% above peers
Sioux Falls, SD $242,098 (Aug 26) 19th +0.4% 18th 16% below peers
Baton Rouge, LA $119,486 (Aug 26) 28th +0.1% 19th 58% below peers
Arlington, VA $419,929 (Aug 26) 6th -0.1% 20th 46% above peers
Tacoma, WA $390,199 (Aug 26) 9th -0.1% 21st 36% above peers
Des Moines, IA $153,884 (Aug 26) 26th -0.2% 22nd 46% below peers
Grand Prairie, TX $240,238 (Aug 26) 20th -0.6% 23rd 16% below peers
Spokane, WA $286,936 (Aug 26) 15th -1.2% 24th on par with peers
Santa Clarita, CA $579,663 (Aug 26) 2nd -1.7% 25th 102% above peers
Fremont, CA $930,330 (Aug 26) 1st -3.1% 26th 224% above peers
Hialeah, FL $249,019 (Aug 26) 18th -4.0% 27th 13% below peers
Frisco, TX $451,788 (Aug 26) 5th -4.4% 28th 57% above peers
Cape Coral, FL $256,816 (Aug 26) 16th -4.6% 29th 10% below peers
McKinney, TX $358,925 (Aug 26) 11th -5.0% 30th 25% above peers
Zillow Home Value Index through 2026-08 modeled trend: robust fit about this metric
Housing

Homeownership rate

▲ Higher is better Improving (small)
Compared against How peers are chosen →
What changed

Homeownership rose 3.8 percentage points between the 2015-2019 and 2020-2024 surveys, from 55.1% to 58.9% - more than the combined survey margin (±2.1pp).

Broader trend
33% of similar-size cities show a real change in the same direction; 27% moved the other way.
Longer view
Homeownership rose 5.1 percentage points from 2014 to 2024 (53.8% to 58.9%).
Bright spot 58.9%
20112024
Open in Explorer →
▸ Compare all 31 similar-size cities by change rank
Change is measured between each place's two non-overlapping survey periods against its published margins (90% confidence). significant improvement · significant worsening · not significant (within the margin). Change rank orders every measured change; read it with the dot beside it, ranks among hollow-dot rows are ordering values inside their margins. Today's rank orders current values in the metric's better direction.
Place Latest2020-2024 survey Today's rank Change2015-2019 → 2020-2024 Sig. Change rank History Latest vs. peers
California ref 55.9% +1.0pp
United States ref 65.2%
Spring Valley, NV 50.5% 19th +5.3pp 1st 9% below peers
Tacoma, WA 55.8% 16th +3.8pp 2nd on par with peers
Fayetteville, NC 47.4% 22nd +3.2pp 3rd 15% below peers
Modesto, CA 58.9% 12th +3.8pp 4th 6% above peers
Norfolk, VA 46.3% 24th +2.9pp 5th 17% below peers
Spokane, WA 58.8% 13th +3.6pp 6th 5% above peers
Columbus, GA 50.8% 18th +2.8pp 7th 9% below peers
San Bernardino, CA 50.0% 20th +2.6pp 8th 10% below peers
Rochester, NY 38.1% 31st +1.7pp 9th 32% below peers
Cape Coral, FL 77.2% 1st +2.7pp 10th 38% above peers
Worcester, MA 42.8% 28th +1.5pp 11th 23% below peers
Huntsville, AL 58.3% 15th +1.6pp 12th 4% above peers
Moreno Valley, CA 63.3% 6th +1.6pp 13th 13% above peers
Santa Clarita, CA 71.8% 2nd +1.8pp 14th 29% above peers
Richmond, VA 43.5% 27th +0.9pp 15th 22% below peers
Fontana, CA 66.8% 3rd +1.3pp 16th 20% above peers
Hialeah, FL 46.6% 23rd +0.9pp 17th 16% below peers
Tallahassee, FL 40.6% 30th +0.6pp 18th 27% below peers
Des Moines, IA 60.5% 9th +0.4pp 19th 8% above peers
Fremont, CA 60.8% 7th +0.2pp 20th 9% above peers
Yonkers, NY 46.2% 25th +0.1pp 21st 17% below peers
Amarillo, TX 59.7% 10th -0.8pp 22nd 7% above peers
Sioux Falls, SD 59.5% 11th -1.1pp 23rd 7% above peers
McKinney, TX 63.8% 5th -2.0pp 24th 14% above peers
Little Rock, AR 53.5% 17th -1.8pp 25th 4% below peers
Arlington, VA 41.3% 29th -1.5pp 26th 26% below peers
Baton Rouge, LA 47.8% 21st -2.0pp 27th 14% below peers
Overland Park, KS 60.5% 8th -2.8pp 28th 9% above peers
Salt Lake City, UT 45.8% 26th -2.2pp 29th 18% below peers
Grand Prairie, TX 58.7% 14th -3.9pp 30th 5% above peers
Frisco, TX 65.9% 4th -5.7pp 31st 18% above peers
▸ Where is this changing? 45 census tracts
Each tract is colored and ranked by its change from 2019 to 2024, between the same two survey periods as the card above, as a share of its own starting level: green tracts improved, red tracts moved the wrong way. Tracts marked * moved less than their own survey margin, so their color is a direction, not a claim. Hover a tract for its numbers and history, or a table row to find that tract on the map; click either for its location or its data in the Explorer.
HousingHomeownership rate
Loading tract map…
7 of 45 tracts cover a shorter window (dashed outline; mostly 2020 boundary changes). Each tract's change uses the same two survey periods as the card above and is judged against the tract's own published margins; tracts marked * moved less than their margin. How the tract view works →
▸ Break down by group Race · ACS 2024
Loading breakdown…
How breakdowns work →
Census ACS 5-year survey through 2024 ±1.3pp at 90% confidence (2024 estimate) survey trend: 2015-2019 vs 2020-2024 surveys about this metric
Housing

Typical asking rent

No better direction Rising recently, slower than peers
Compared against How peers are chosen →
What changed

Rent rose about 1% over the 12 months ending August 2026, slower than 69% of similar-size cities.

Broader trend
Multi-year view: rent rose about 3% a year from 2021 to 2026, slower than 59% of similar-size cities.
Longer view
Rent rose about 9% a year from 2016 to 2026.
Latest
Most recent monthly reading: $2,021 in August 2026, up from $2,001 a year earlier.
Big move $2,021
2015August 2026
Open in Explorer →
▸ Compare all 30 similar-size cities by change rank
Place Latest Today's rank Changelast 12 months Change rank History Latest vs. peers
United States ref $1,948 (Aug 26) +2.5%
Norfolk, VA $1,757 (Aug 26) 14th +7.2% 1st on par with peers
Amarillo, TX $1,330 (Aug 26) 26th +6.3% 2nd 24% below peers
Yonkers, NY $2,755 (Aug 26) 4th +5.3% 3rd 57% above peers
Fremont, CA $3,375 (Aug 26) 1st +5.2% 4th 92% above peers
Columbus, GA $1,308 (Aug 26) 27th +4.6% 5th 26% below peers
Spokane, WA $1,507 (Aug 26) 20th +3.9% 6th 14% below peers
Sioux Falls, SD $1,302 (Aug 26) 28th +3.9% 7th 26% below peers
Fontana, CA $3,190 (Aug 26) 2nd +3.7% 8th 82% above peers
Overland Park, KS $1,757 (Aug 26) 15th +3.2% 9th on par with peers
Rochester, NY $1,476 (Aug 26) 21st +3.1% 10th 16% below peers
Baton Rouge, LA $1,333 (Aug 26) 24th +3.0% 11th 24% below peers
Moreno Valley, CA $2,382 (Aug 26) 6th +2.9% 12th 36% above peers
Huntsville, AL $1,330 (Aug 26) 25th +2.7% 13th 24% below peers
Richmond, VA $1,648 (Aug 26) 17th +2.7% 14th 6% below peers
San Bernardino, CA $1,954 (Aug 26) 10th +2.5% 15th 11% above peers
Tacoma, WA $1,740 (Aug 26) 16th +2.3% 16th 1% below peers
Fayetteville, NC $1,367 (Aug 26) 23rd +2.1% 17th 22% below peers
Little Rock, AR $1,212 (Aug 26) 29th +2.0% 18th 31% below peers
Tallahassee, FL $1,470 (Aug 26) 22nd +1.5% 19th 16% below peers
Des Moines, IA $1,126 (Aug 26) 30th +1.2% 20th 36% below peers
Modesto, CA $2,021 (Aug 26) 9th +1.0% 21st 15% above peers
Cape Coral, FL $1,949 (Aug 26) 11th +1.0% 22nd 11% above peers
Grand Prairie, TX $1,647 (Aug 26) 18th +0.6% 23rd 6% below peers
Salt Lake City, UT $1,603 (Aug 26) 19th +0.5% 24th 9% below peers
Worcester, MA $2,130 (Aug 26) 8th +0.4% 25th 21% above peers
Santa Clarita, CA $2,787 (Aug 26) 3rd +0.4% 26th 59% above peers
Arlington, VA $2,702 (Aug 26) 5th +0.4% 27th 54% above peers
Hialeah, FL $2,357 (Aug 26) 7th -0.6% 28th 34% above peers
Frisco, TX $1,874 (Aug 26) 12th -0.9% 29th 7% above peers
McKinney, TX $1,773 (Aug 26) 13th -2.1% 30th 1% above peers
Zillow Observed Rent Index through 2026-08 modeled trend: robust fit about this metric
Housing

Housing cost-burdened households

▼ Lower is better No measurable change
Compared against How peers are chosen →
What changed

Cost burden changed less than the survey can measure between the 2015-2019 and 2020-2024 surveys (40.6% then, 40.0% now; margin ±2.2pp).

Broader trend
37% of similar-size cities show a real change in either direction.
Longer view
Cost burden fell 6.1 percentage points from 2014 to 2024 (46.1% to 40.0%).
40.0%
20102024
Open in Explorer →
▸ Compare all 31 similar-size cities by change rank
Change is measured between each place's two non-overlapping survey periods against its published margins (90% confidence). significant improvement · significant worsening · not significant (within the margin). Change rank orders every measured change; read it with the dot beside it, ranks among hollow-dot rows are ordering values inside their margins. Today's rank orders current values in the metric's better direction.
Place Latest2020-2024 survey Today's rank Change2015-2019 → 2020-2024 Sig. Change rank History Latest vs. peers
California ref 41.7% +0.0pp
United States ref 32.2% +0.4pp
Fontana, CA 38.8% 15th -5.0pp 1st 2% below peers
Hialeah, FL 51.5% 31st -3.9pp 2nd 30% above peers
Rochester, NY 42.3% 25th -2.5pp 3rd 7% above peers
Richmond, VA 40.6% 21st -2.2pp 4th 2% above peers
Huntsville, AL 27.6% 3rd -1.3pp 5th 30% below peers
Columbus, GA 36.6% 12th -1.5pp 6th 8% below peers
McKinney, TX 31.3% 7th -0.9pp 7th 21% below peers
Fayetteville, NC 39.6% 16th -1.1pp 8th on par with peers
Norfolk, VA 41.2% 23rd -0.9pp 9th 4% above peers
Tallahassee, FL 43.7% 27th -0.7pp 10th 10% above peers
Yonkers, NY 44.7% 29th -0.7pp 11th 13% above peers
Modesto, CA 40.0% 18th -0.6pp 12th 1% above peers
Sioux Falls, SD 25.8% 1st -0.3pp 13th 35% below peers
Moreno Valley, CA 43.9% 28th -0.4pp 14th 11% above peers
Little Rock, AR 32.5% 10th -0.0pp 15th 18% below peers
San Bernardino, CA 47.5% 30th -0.0pp 16th 20% above peers
Worcester, MA 43.6% 26th +0.0pp 17th 10% above peers
Des Moines, IA 32.1% 9th +0.2pp 18th 19% below peers
Spokane, WA 35.5% 11th +0.2pp 19th 10% below peers
Tacoma, WA 40.4% 19th +0.4pp 20th 2% above peers
Fremont, CA 30.6% 5th +0.7pp 21st 23% below peers
Arlington, VA 31.2% 6th +1.1pp 22nd 21% below peers
Santa Clarita, CA 42.2% 24th +1.7pp 23rd 6% above peers
Spring Valley, NV 41.1% 22nd +2.6pp 24th 4% above peers
Baton Rouge, LA 40.6% 20th +2.7pp 25th 2% above peers
Frisco, TX 28.7% 4th +2.0pp 26th 27% below peers
Amarillo, TX 31.8% 8th +2.4pp 27th 20% below peers
Salt Lake City, UT 36.8% 13th +4.1pp 28th 7% below peers
Overland Park, KS 27.2% 2nd +3.7pp 29th 31% below peers
Cape Coral, FL 39.7% 17th +5.8pp 30th on par with peers
Grand Prairie, TX 37.6% 14th +8.3pp 31st 5% below peers
▸ Where is this changing? 45 census tracts
Each tract is colored and ranked by its change from 2019 to 2024, between the same two survey periods as the card above, as a share of its own starting level: green tracts improved, red tracts moved the wrong way. Tracts marked * moved less than their own survey margin, so their color is a direction, not a claim. Hover a tract for its numbers and history, or a table row to find that tract on the map; click either for its location or its data in the Explorer.
HousingHousing cost-burdened households
Loading tract map…
7 of 45 tracts cover a shorter window (dashed outline; mostly 2020 boundary changes). Each tract's change uses the same two survey periods as the card above and is judged against the tract's own published margins; tracts marked * moved less than their margin. How the tract view works →
▸

Peers worth a call

3
Cities of similar size (100k-250k) that started mid-pack, like this city, and whose improvement is sustained over several years, larger than the data's normal noise, and big enough to matter. Referral candidates to investigate, not proven interventions. How we pick these →
  • Santa Clara, CA down 5.6pp between its surveys · a larger real gain than 100% of this group · 2019-2024
  • Carolina zona urbana, PR down 4.0pp between its surveys · a larger real gain than 98% of this group · 2019-2024
  • High Point, NC down 3.6pp between its surveys · a larger real gain than 97% of this group · 2019-2024
Census ACS 5-year survey (tables B25070 + B25091) through 2024 ±1.7pp at 90% confidence (2024 estimate) survey trend: 2015-2019 vs 2020-2024 surveys about this metric
Housing

Households without a vehicle

▼ Lower is better No measurable change
Compared against How peers are chosen →
What changed

No vehicle changed less than the survey can measure between the 2015-2019 and 2020-2024 surveys (6.6% then, 6.3% now; margin ±1.1pp).

Broader trend
33% of similar-size cities show a real change in either direction.
Longer view
No vehicle fell 1.7 percentage points from 2014 to 2024 (8.1% to 6.3%).
Bright spot 6.3%
20102024
Open in Explorer →
▸ Compare all 31 similar-size cities by change rank
Change is measured between each place's two non-overlapping survey periods against its published margins (90% confidence). significant improvement · significant worsening · not significant (within the margin). Change rank orders every measured change; read it with the dot beside it, ranks among hollow-dot rows are ordering values inside their margins. Today's rank orders current values in the metric's better direction.
Place Latest2020-2024 survey Today's rank Change2015-2019 → 2020-2024 Sig. Change rank History Latest vs. peers
California ref 7.1% -0.0pp
United States ref 8.3% -0.3pp
San Bernardino, CA 6.8% 15th -2.8pp 1st 13% below peers
Richmond, VA 13.0% 27th -3.5pp 2nd 66% above peers
Huntsville, AL 4.9% 9th -1.3pp 3rd 38% below peers
Worcester, MA 16.1% 29th -2.8pp 4th 106% above peers
Hialeah, FL 9.8% 22nd -1.6pp 5th 26% above peers
Rochester, NY 23.4% 30th -1.8pp 6th 199% above peers
Yonkers, NY 23.7% 31st -1.7pp 7th 203% above peers
Spokane, WA 9.5% 21st -0.6pp 8th 21% above peers
Santa Clarita, CA 3.3% 3rd -0.2pp 9th 57% below peers
Modesto, CA 6.3% 13th -0.2pp 10th 19% below peers
Norfolk, VA 11.5% 25th -0.4pp 11th 48% above peers
Little Rock, AR 8.0% 17th -0.2pp 12th 3% above peers
Des Moines, IA 9.0% 20th -0.1pp 13th 15% above peers
Sioux Falls, SD 5.5% 11th -0.0pp 14th 29% below peers
Tacoma, WA 8.8% 19th +0.2pp 15th 13% above peers
Fremont, CA 4.7% 8th +0.1pp 16th 40% below peers
Amarillo, TX 5.9% 12th +0.1pp 17th 24% below peers
Columbus, GA 10.9% 24th +0.4pp 18th 39% above peers
Salt Lake City, UT 10.8% 23rd +0.4pp 19th 38% above peers
Fayetteville, NC 7.8% 16th +0.3pp 20th on par with peers
Cape Coral, FL 3.5% 5th +0.3pp 21st 55% below peers
Baton Rouge, LA 12.0% 26th +1.1pp 22nd 53% above peers
Tallahassee, FL 8.6% 18th +0.9pp 23rd 9% above peers
Fontana, CA 3.2% 1st +0.4pp 24th 59% below peers
McKinney, TX 3.4% 4th +0.4pp 25th 57% below peers
Arlington, VA 15.2% 28th +2.1pp 26th 95% above peers
Moreno Valley, CA 3.9% 6th +0.6pp 27th 50% below peers
Spring Valley, NV 6.6% 14th +1.0pp 28th 16% below peers
Overland Park, KS 4.3% 7th +1.2pp 29th 45% below peers
Frisco, TX 3.3% 2nd +1.1pp 30th 58% below peers
Grand Prairie, TX 5.0% 10th +1.8pp 31st 36% below peers
▸ Where is this changing? 45 census tracts
Each tract is colored and ranked by its change from 2019 to 2024, between the same two survey periods as the card above, as a share of its own starting level: green tracts improved, red tracts moved the wrong way. Tracts marked * moved less than their own survey margin, so their color is a direction, not a claim. Hover a tract for its numbers and history, or a table row to find that tract on the map; click either for its location or its data in the Explorer.
HousingHouseholds without a vehicle
Loading tract map…
7 of 45 tracts cover a shorter window (dashed outline; mostly 2020 boundary changes). Each tract's change uses the same two survey periods as the card above and is judged against the tract's own published margins; tracts marked * moved less than their margin. How the tract view works →
▸

Peers worth a call

3
Cities of similar size (100k-250k) that started mid-pack, like this city, and whose improvement is sustained over several years, larger than the data's normal noise, and big enough to matter. Referral candidates to investigate, not proven interventions. How we pick these →
  • Fayetteville, AR down 2.6pp between its surveys · a larger real gain than 100% of this group · 2019-2024
  • Visalia, CA down 1.6pp between its surveys · a larger real gain than 99% of this group · 2019-2024
  • Victorville, CA down 2.1pp between its surveys · a larger real gain than 99% of this group · 2019-2024
Census ACS 5-year survey (table B08201) through 2024 ±0.9pp at 90% confidence (2024 estimate) survey trend: 2015-2019 vs 2020-2024 surveys about this metric
See all Housing data →
Health 3 indicators
★
Health

People without health insurance

▼ Lower is better Real improvement ★ Strong performer
Compared against How peers are chosen →
What changed

Uninsured fell 1.1 percentage points between the 2015-2019 and 2020-2024 surveys, from 5.8% to 4.7% - more than the combined survey margin (±0.6pp).

Broader trend
40% of similar-size cities show a real change in the same direction; 10% moved the other way. Modesto started among the stronger third of similar-size cities and kept improving; worth investigating.
Longer view
Uninsured fell 11.4 percentage points from 2014 to 2024 (16.1% to 4.7%).
Bright spot 4.7%
20132024
Open in Explorer →
▸ Compare all 31 similar-size cities by change rank
Change is measured between each place's two non-overlapping survey periods against its published margins (90% confidence). significant improvement · significant worsening · not significant (within the margin). Change rank orders every measured change; read it with the dot beside it, ranks among hollow-dot rows are ordering values inside their margins. Today's rank orders current values in the metric's better direction.
Place Latest2020-2024 survey Today's rank Change2015-2019 → 2020-2024 Sig. Change rank History Latest vs. peers
California ref 6.6% -0.9pp
United States ref 8.4% -0.4pp
Hialeah, FL 15.1% 29th -5.6pp 1st 71% above peers
Richmond, VA 8.8% 16th -3.2pp 2nd on par with peers
Norfolk, VA 9.1% 18th -2.8pp 3rd 3% above peers
McKinney, TX 8.2% 15th -2.0pp 4th 7% below peers
Modesto, CA 4.7% 5th -1.1pp 5th 47% below peers
Santa Clarita, CA 4.6% 4th -1.0pp 6th 47% below peers
Salt Lake City, UT 10.4% 24th -2.2pp 7th 18% above peers
Overland Park, KS 4.6% 3rd -0.9pp 8th 48% below peers
Yonkers, NY 6.3% 9th -1.0pp 9th 29% below peers
San Bernardino, CA 10.3% 23rd -1.5pp 10th 17% above peers
Arlington, VA 5.3% 7th -0.6pp 11th 40% below peers
Moreno Valley, CA 10.0% 21st -1.0pp 12th 13% above peers
Huntsville, AL 9.0% 17th -0.8pp 13th 2% above peers
Cape Coral, FL 11.6% 27th -1.0pp 14th 32% above peers
Tallahassee, FL 7.8% 13th -0.6pp 15th 11% below peers
Amarillo, TX 15.4% 30th -1.1pp 16th 75% above peers
Frisco, TX 6.3% 10th -0.4pp 17th 28% below peers
Fontana, CA 9.1% 19th -0.5pp 18th 3% above peers
Rochester, NY 4.9% 6th -0.3pp 19th 44% below peers
Spokane, WA 5.4% 8th -0.2pp 20th 39% below peers
Columbus, GA 11.1% 26th -0.4pp 21st 26% above peers
Tacoma, WA 7.1% 11th -0.1pp 22nd 20% below peers
Fayetteville, NC 9.9% 20th -0.2pp 23rd 12% above peers
Grand Prairie, TX 18.5% 31st +0.0pp 24th 109% above peers
Sioux Falls, SD 8.1% 14th +0.3pp 25th 8% below peers
Des Moines, IA 7.2% 12th +0.3pp 26th 18% below peers
Spring Valley, NV 12.4% 28th +0.5pp 27th 41% above peers
Baton Rouge, LA 10.1% 22nd +0.4pp 28th 15% above peers
Little Rock, AR 10.6% 25th +2.2pp 29th 20% above peers
Fremont, CA 2.6% 1st +0.7pp 30th 71% below peers
Worcester, MA 3.9% 2nd +1.0pp 31st 55% below peers
▸ Where is this changing? 45 census tracts
Each tract is colored and ranked by its change from 2019 to 2024, between the same two survey periods as the card above, as a share of its own starting level: green tracts improved, red tracts moved the wrong way. Tracts marked * moved less than their own survey margin, so their color is a direction, not a claim. Hover a tract for its numbers and history, or a table row to find that tract on the map; click either for its location or its data in the Explorer.
HealthPeople without health insurance
Loading tract map…
7 of 45 tracts cover a shorter window (dashed outline; mostly 2020 boundary changes). Each tract's change uses the same two survey periods as the card above and is judged against the tract's own published margins; tracts marked * moved less than their margin. How the tract view works →
▸ Break down by group Race · Age · Sex · ACS 2024
Loading breakdown…
How breakdowns work →
▸

Peers worth a call

3
Cities of similar size (100k-250k) that started in the strongest third, like this city, and whose improvement is sustained over several years, larger than the data's normal noise, and big enough to matter. Referral candidates to investigate, not proven interventions. How we pick these →
  • Vacaville, CA down 1.6pp between its surveys · a larger real gain than 100% of this group · 2019-2024
  • Burbank, CA down 2.3pp between its surveys · a larger real gain than 100% of this group · 2019-2024
  • Roseville, CA down 1.0pp between its surveys · a larger real gain than 96% of this group · 2019-2024
Census ACS 5-year survey through 2024 ±0.4pp at 90% confidence (2024 estimate) survey trend: 2015-2019 vs 2020-2024 surveys about this metric
Health

Adult obesity

▼ Lower is better Level only
Compared against How peers are chosen →
What changed

Adult obesity is roughly in line with the peer median.

35.0%
20202022
Open in Explorer →
▸ Compare all 31 similar-size cities best first
Place Latest Today's rank History Latest vs. peers
California ref 28.4%
United States ref 33.4%
Fremont, CA 14.1% 1st 60% below peers
Santa Clarita, CA 24.7% 2nd 30% below peers
Arlington, VA 24.9% 3rd 29% below peers
Frisco, TX 26.6% 4th 25% below peers
Spring Valley, NV 30.3% 5th 14% below peers
Yonkers, NY 30.3% 6th 14% below peers
Overland Park, KS 30.4% 7th 14% below peers
Cape Coral, FL 30.7% 8th 13% below peers
McKinney, TX 30.9% 9th 12% below peers
Hialeah, FL 31.5% 10th 11% below peers
Salt Lake City, UT 33.0% 11th 7% below peers
Tallahassee, FL 33.7% 12th 5% below peers
Spokane, WA 34.5% 13th 2% below peers
Sioux Falls, SD 34.9% 14th 1% below peers
Modesto, CA 35.0% 15th 1% below peers
Fontana, CA 35.3% 16th on par with peers
Richmond, VA 35.3% 17th on par with peers
Amarillo, TX 35.9% 18th 2% above peers
Worcester, MA 36.2% 19th 3% above peers
Tacoma, WA 36.7% 20th 4% above peers
Grand Prairie, TX 36.7% 21st 4% above peers
Moreno Valley, CA 37.2% 22nd 5% above peers
Huntsville, AL 37.5% 23rd 6% above peers
Little Rock, AR 38.4% 24th 9% above peers
Norfolk, VA 39.4% 25th 12% above peers
San Bernardino, CA 39.5% 26th 12% above peers
Baton Rouge, LA 40.2% 27th 14% above peers
Des Moines, IA 40.3% 28th 14% above peers
Fayetteville, NC 40.4% 29th 14% above peers
Columbus, GA 41.7% 30th 18% above peers
Rochester, NY 44.2% 31st 25% above peers
CDC PLACES through 2022 modeled tract map about this metric
★
Health

Children without health insurance

▼ Lower is better No measurable change ★ National leader
Compared against How peers are chosen →
What changed

Child uninsured changed less than the survey can measure between the 2015-2019 and 2020-2024 surveys (2.5% then, 1.9% now; margin ±0.8pp).

Broader trend
27% of similar-size cities show a real change in either direction.
Longer view
Child uninsured fell 4.6 percentage points from 2014 to 2024 (6.5% to 1.9%).
Bright spot 1.9%
20122024
Open in Explorer →
▸ Compare all 31 similar-size cities by change rank
Change is measured between each place's two non-overlapping survey periods against its published margins (90% confidence). significant improvement · significant worsening · not significant (within the margin). Change rank orders every measured change; read it with the dot beside it, ranks among hollow-dot rows are ordering values inside their margins. Today's rank orders current values in the metric's better direction.
Place Latest2020-2024 survey Today's rank Change2015-2019 → 2020-2024 Sig. Change rank History Latest vs. peers
California ref 3.2% -0.0pp
United States ref 5.5% +0.4pp
Huntsville, AL 3.0% 9th -1.2pp 1st 33% below peers
Salt Lake City, UT 8.8% 27th -3.0pp 2nd 94% above peers
Modesto, CA 1.9% 2nd -0.6pp 3rd 57% below peers
Overland Park, KS 3.2% 10th -0.9pp 4th 28% below peers
McKinney, TX 6.1% 23rd -1.6pp 5th 35% above peers
Norfolk, VA 5.5% 20th -1.0pp 6th 21% above peers
Hialeah, FL 5.8% 22nd -1.1pp 7th 30% above peers
Des Moines, IA 3.0% 7th -0.5pp 8th 34% below peers
Santa Clarita, CA 2.9% 6th -0.3pp 9th 35% below peers
Frisco, TX 4.0% 13th -0.4pp 10th 11% below peers
Moreno Valley, CA 5.2% 19th -0.2pp 11th 14% above peers
Richmond, VA 6.2% 24th -0.2pp 12th 38% above peers
Spokane, WA 2.4% 3rd -0.1pp 13th 48% below peers
San Bernardino, CA 4.6% 17th -0.1pp 14th 2% above peers
Amarillo, TX 10.2% 29th -0.1pp 15th 126% above peers
Tallahassee, FL 4.3% 15th +0.1pp 16th 5% below peers
Arlington, VA 3.0% 8th +0.1pp 17th 33% below peers
Fontana, CA 4.1% 14th +0.5pp 18th 10% below peers
Tacoma, WA 3.3% 11th +0.4pp 19th 28% below peers
Columbus, GA 4.5% 16th +0.7pp 20th on par with peers
Sioux Falls, SD 5.8% 21st +0.9pp 21st 29% above peers
Grand Prairie, TX 14.0% 31st +2.4pp 22nd 210% above peers
Cape Coral, FL 10.5% 30th +1.9pp 23rd 133% above peers
Spring Valley, NV 9.5% 28th +1.9pp 24th 111% above peers
Yonkers, NY 3.9% 12th +0.9pp 25th 15% below peers
Rochester, NY 2.7% 5th +0.7pp 26th 40% below peers
Fayetteville, NC 4.8% 18th +1.5pp 27th 7% above peers
Little Rock, AR 8.5% 26th +3.7pp 28th 88% above peers
Worcester, MA 2.4% 4th +1.2pp 29th 47% below peers
Baton Rouge, LA 8.1% 25th +4.6pp 30th 79% above peers
Fremont, CA 1.6% 1st +1.1pp 31st 64% below peers
▸ Where is this changing? 45 census tracts
Each tract is colored and ranked by its change from 2019 to 2024, between the same two survey periods as the card above, as a share of its own starting level: green tracts improved, red tracts moved the wrong way. Tracts marked * moved less than their own survey margin, so their color is a direction, not a claim. Hover a tract for its numbers and history, or a table row to find that tract on the map; click either for its location or its data in the Explorer.
HealthChildren without health insurance
Loading tract map…
7 of 45 tracts cover a shorter window (dashed outline; mostly 2020 boundary changes). Each tract's change uses the same two survey periods as the card above and is judged against the tract's own published margins; tracts marked * moved less than their margin. How the tract view works →
▸

Peers worth a call

3
Cities of similar size (100k-250k) that started in the strongest third, like this city, and whose improvement is sustained over several years, larger than the data's normal noise, and big enough to matter. Referral candidates to investigate, not proven interventions. How we pick these →
  • New Bedford, MA down 1.7pp between its surveys · a larger real gain than 99% of this group · 2019-2024
  • Cedar Rapids, IA down 1.1pp between its surveys · a larger real gain than 97% of this group · 2019-2024
  • Salem, OR down 1.2pp between its surveys · a larger real gain than 96% of this group · 2019-2024
Census ACS 5-year survey (table B27001) through 2024 ±0.5pp at 90% confidence (2024 estimate) survey trend: 2015-2019 vs 2020-2024 surveys about this metric
See all Health data →
Education 3 indicators
Education

Adults with a bachelor's degree or higher

▲ Higher is better Real improvement
Compared against How peers are chosen →
What changed

College attainment rose 2.5 percentage points between the 2015-2019 and 2020-2024 surveys, from 18.7% to 21.2% - more than the combined survey margin (±1.4pp).

Broader trend
97% of similar-size cities show a real change in the same direction. Modesto started among the weakest third of similar-size cities, so some rebound is expected; still, the improvement is sustained and worth investigating.
Longer view
College attainment rose 2.8 percentage points from 2014 to 2024 (18.4% to 21.2%).
Bright spot 21.2%
20102024
Open in Explorer →
▸ Compare all 31 similar-size cities by change rank
Change is measured between each place's two non-overlapping survey periods against its published margins (90% confidence). significant improvement · significant worsening · not significant (within the margin). Change rank orders every measured change; read it with the dot beside it, ranks among hollow-dot rows are ordering values inside their margins. Today's rank orders current values in the metric's better direction.
Place Latest2020-2024 survey Today's rank Change2015-2019 → 2020-2024 Sig. Change rank History Latest vs. peers
California ref 37.1% +3.1pp
United States ref 35.7% +3.5pp
Hialeah, FL 22.1% 27th +6.4pp 1st 36% below peers
Grand Prairie, TX 30.0% 22nd +6.4pp 2nd 13% below peers
Spring Valley, NV 31.4% 19th +6.2pp 3rd 9% below peers
Rochester, NY 30.0% 21st +4.9pp 4th 13% below peers
Fontana, CA 21.4% 28th +3.4pp 5th 38% below peers
Columbus, GA 30.5% 20th +4.7pp 6th 12% below peers
Worcester, MA 35.2% 15th +5.0pp 7th 2% above peers
Tacoma, WA 34.5% 16th +4.8pp 8th on par with peers
Norfolk, VA 33.5% 18th +4.6pp 9th 3% below peers
Cape Coral, FL 26.9% 25th +3.6pp 10th 22% below peers
Richmond, VA 45.6% 9th +6.0pp 11th 32% above peers
McKinney, TX 54.1% 5th +6.7pp 12th 57% above peers
Modesto, CA 21.2% 29th +2.5pp 13th 39% below peers
Amarillo, TX 26.6% 26th +3.0pp 14th 23% below peers
Fremont, CA 63.9% 3rd +6.9pp 15th 85% above peers
Des Moines, IA 29.7% 23rd +3.0pp 16th 14% below peers
Salt Lake City, UT 51.5% 6th +4.9pp 17th 49% above peers
San Bernardino, CA 13.1% 31st +1.2pp 18th 62% below peers
Baton Rouge, LA 36.6% 13th +3.3pp 19th 6% above peers
Moreno Valley, CA 17.8% 30th +1.5pp 20th 48% below peers
Sioux Falls, SD 38.1% 12th +2.9pp 21st 10% above peers
Spokane, WA 33.9% 17th +2.6pp 22nd 2% below peers
Santa Clarita, CA 39.8% 11th +3.0pp 23rd 15% above peers
Huntsville, AL 47.2% 8th +3.1pp 24th 37% above peers
Little Rock, AR 44.6% 10th +2.8pp 25th 29% above peers
Tallahassee, FL 51.3% 7th +3.2pp 26th 49% above peers
Fayetteville, NC 29.0% 24th +1.8pp 27th 16% below peers
Yonkers, NY 35.7% 14th +2.2pp 28th 3% above peers
Frisco, TX 67.5% 2nd +4.1pp 29th 96% above peers
Overland Park, KS 63.7% 4th +2.1pp 30th 84% above peers
Arlington, VA 77.1% 1st +1.8pp 31st 123% above peers
▸ Where is this changing? 45 census tracts
Each tract is colored and ranked by its change from 2019 to 2024, between the same two survey periods as the card above, as a share of its own starting level: green tracts improved, red tracts moved the wrong way. Tracts marked * moved less than their own survey margin, so their color is a direction, not a claim. Hover a tract for its numbers and history, or a table row to find that tract on the map; click either for its location or its data in the Explorer.
EducationAdults with a bachelor's degree or higher
Loading tract map…
7 of 45 tracts cover a shorter window (dashed outline; mostly 2020 boundary changes). Each tract's change uses the same two survey periods as the card above and is judged against the tract's own published margins; tracts marked * moved less than their margin. How the tract view works →
▸ Break down by group Sex · ACS 2024
Loading breakdown…
How breakdowns work →
▸

Peers worth a call

3
Cities of similar size (100k-250k) that started in the weakest third, like this city, and whose improvement is sustained over several years, larger than the data's normal noise, and big enough to matter. Referral candidates to investigate, not proven interventions. How we pick these →
  • Hialeah, FL up 6.4pp between its surveys · a larger real gain than 100% of this group · 2019-2024
  • Ontario, CA up 5.4pp between its surveys · a larger real gain than 99% of this group · 2019-2024
  • East Los Angeles, CA up 2.7pp between its surveys · a larger real gain than 99% of this group · 2019-2024
Census ACS 5-year survey through 2024 ±1.1pp at 90% confidence (2024 estimate) survey trend: 2015-2019 vs 2020-2024 surveys about this metric
Education

Children ages 3-4 enrolled in preschool

▲ Higher is better Worsening
Compared against How peers are chosen →
What changed

Preschool enrollment fell 7.8 percentage points between the 2015-2019 and 2020-2024 surveys, from 40.0% to 32.2% - more than the combined survey margin (±7.5pp). That is movement in the wrong direction.

Broader trend
43% of similar-size cities show a real change in the same direction.
Longer view
Preschool enrollment fell 11.1 percentage points from 2014 to 2024 (43.3% to 32.2%).
Needs attention 32.2%
20112024
Open in Explorer →
▸ Compare all 31 similar-size cities by change rank
Change is measured between each place's two non-overlapping survey periods against its published margins (90% confidence). significant improvement · significant worsening · not significant (within the margin). Change rank orders every measured change; read it with the dot beside it, ranks among hollow-dot rows are ordering values inside their margins. Today's rank orders current values in the metric's better direction.
Place Latest2020-2024 survey Today's rank Change2015-2019 → 2020-2024 Sig. Change rank History Latest vs. peers
California ref 44.5% -5.1pp
United States ref 45.5%
McKinney, TX 62.0% 2nd +6.9pp 1st 47% above peers
Moreno Valley, CA 28.1% 28th +2.2pp 2nd 34% below peers
Grand Prairie, TX 38.1% 20th +3.0pp 3rd 10% below peers
Hialeah, FL 51.7% 8th +3.9pp 4th 22% above peers
Richmond, VA 48.8% 13th +2.1pp 5th 15% above peers
Spokane, WA 41.4% 17th +0.1pp 6th 2% below peers
Tacoma, WA 44.8% 15th -0.0pp 7th 6% above peers
Fremont, CA 61.4% 3rd -0.5pp 8th 45% above peers
Rochester, NY 48.1% 14th -2.1pp 9th 14% above peers
Yonkers, NY 62.2% 1st -3.1pp 10th 47% above peers
Salt Lake City, UT 50.0% 12th -3.6pp 11th 18% above peers
Little Rock, AR 52.9% 6th -5.6pp 12th 25% above peers
Santa Clarita, CA 50.8% 10th -5.9pp 13th 20% above peers
Des Moines, IA 33.2% 24th -4.1pp 14th 22% below peers
Spring Valley, NV 35.5% 22nd -4.9pp 15th 16% below peers
Frisco, TX 55.6% 5th -8.7pp 16th 31% above peers
Sioux Falls, SD 33.0% 25th -6.0pp 17th 22% below peers
Fontana, CA 27.5% 30th -5.0pp 18th 35% below peers
Norfolk, VA 42.3% 16th -8.7pp 19th on par with peers
Baton Rouge, LA 50.5% 11th -12.1pp 20th 19% above peers
Modesto, CA 32.2% 26th -7.8pp 21st 24% below peers
Overland Park, KS 51.8% 7th -13.6pp 22nd 22% above peers
Huntsville, AL 41.2% 18th -11.0pp 23rd 2% below peers
Arlington, VA 55.7% 4th -15.9pp 24th 32% above peers
Tallahassee, FL 50.8% 9th -16.5pp 25th 20% above peers
Worcester, MA 36.7% 21st -12.6pp 26th 13% below peers
Fayetteville, NC 27.5% 29th -9.9pp 27th 35% below peers
Amarillo, TX 33.7% 23rd -13.7pp 28th 20% below peers
Cape Coral, FL 38.2% 19th -17.2pp 29th 10% below peers
San Bernardino, CA 20.5% 31st -15.5pp 30th 52% below peers
Columbus, GA 28.6% 27th -24.6pp 31st 32% below peers
▸ Where is this changing? 45 census tracts
Each tract is colored and ranked by its change from 2019 to 2024, between the same two survey periods as the card above, as a share of its own starting level: green tracts improved, red tracts moved the wrong way. Tracts marked * moved less than their own survey margin, so their color is a direction, not a claim. Hover a tract for its numbers and history, or a table row to find that tract on the map; click either for its location or its data in the Explorer.
EducationChildren ages 3-4 enrolled in preschool
Loading tract map…
7 of 45 tracts cover a shorter window (dashed outline; mostly 2020 boundary changes). Each tract's change uses the same two survey periods as the card above and is judged against the tract's own published margins; tracts marked * moved less than their margin. How the tract view works →
▸

Peers worth a call

3
Cities of similar size (100k-250k) that started in the weakest third, like this city, and whose improvement is sustained over several years, larger than the data's normal noise, and big enough to matter. Referral candidates to investigate, not proven interventions. How we pick these →
  • Nampa, ID up 14.9pp between its surveys · a larger real gain than 100% of this group · 2019-2024
  • Edinburg, TX up 13.3pp between its surveys · a larger real gain than 100% of this group · 2019-2024
  • Norman, OK up 14.2pp between its surveys · a larger real gain than 99% of this group · 2019-2024
Census ACS 5-year survey through 2024 ±5.2pp at 90% confidence (2024 estimate) survey trend: 2015-2019 vs 2020-2024 surveys about this metric
Education

Teens not in school and not working

▼ Lower is better No measurable change
Compared against How peers are chosen →
What changed

Disconnected youth changed less than the survey can measure between the 2015-2019 and 2020-2024 surveys (7.8% then, 9.4% now; margin ±3.3pp).

Broader trend
20% of similar-size cities show a real change in either direction.
Longer view
Disconnected youth fell 2.4 percentage points from 2014 to 2024 (11.8% to 9.4%).
Needs attention 9.4%
20102024
Open in Explorer →
▸ Compare all 31 similar-size cities by change rank
Change is measured between each place's two non-overlapping survey periods against its published margins (90% confidence). significant improvement · significant worsening · not significant (within the margin). Change rank orders every measured change; read it with the dot beside it, ranks among hollow-dot rows are ordering values inside their margins. Today's rank orders current values in the metric's better direction.
Place Latest2020-2024 survey Today's rank Change2015-2019 → 2020-2024 Sig. Change rank History Latest vs. peers
California ref 6.7% +0.2pp
United States ref 6.9% +0.3pp
Tallahassee, FL 1.3% 2nd -4.2pp 1st 82% below peers
Overland Park, KS 1.1% 1st -1.5pp 2nd 85% below peers
Arlington, VA 4.3% 6th -5.9pp 3rd 39% below peers
Fontana, CA 6.2% 11th -3.5pp 4th 13% below peers
Huntsville, AL 4.0% 5th -1.8pp 5th 43% below peers
Fremont, CA 2.3% 3rd -0.8pp 6th 68% below peers
Fayetteville, NC 7.0% 14th -2.2pp 7th 2% below peers
Baton Rouge, LA 6.9% 13th -1.7pp 8th 3% below peers
Spring Valley, NV 8.8% 23rd -1.3pp 9th 24% above peers
Des Moines, IA 6.5% 12th -0.9pp 10th 9% below peers
Moreno Valley, CA 9.7% 26th -0.8pp 11th 36% above peers
Hialeah, FL 8.0% 20th -0.6pp 12th 12% above peers
Richmond, VA 4.9% 8th -0.3pp 13th 31% below peers
San Bernardino, CA 8.6% 22nd -0.4pp 14th 21% above peers
Rochester, NY 10.2% 27th -0.3pp 15th 44% above peers
Cape Coral, FL 7.1% 15th -0.2pp 16th on par with peers
Tacoma, WA 8.6% 21st +0.0pp 17th 21% above peers
Sioux Falls, SD 5.1% 9th +0.2pp 18th 29% below peers
Santa Clarita, CA 4.6% 7th +0.2pp 19th 36% below peers
Frisco, TX 3.1% 4th +0.5pp 20th 56% below peers
Modesto, CA 9.4% 25th +1.6pp 21st 32% above peers
Amarillo, TX 10.8% 28th +2.1pp 22nd 52% above peers
Yonkers, NY 9.0% 24th +1.8pp 23rd 26% above peers
Spokane, WA 10.8% 29th +2.3pp 24th 52% above peers
Norfolk, VA 7.1% 16th +1.8pp 25th on par with peers
Grand Prairie, TX 8.0% 19th +2.2pp 26th 12% above peers
Worcester, MA 5.7% 10th +1.7pp 27th 20% below peers
Salt Lake City, UT 7.7% 18th +2.9pp 28th 8% above peers
McKinney, TX 7.5% 17th +2.9pp 29th 6% above peers
Little Rock, AR 16.0% 31st +6.8pp 30th 124% above peers
Columbus, GA 14.9% 30th +7.7pp 31st 109% above peers
▸ Where is this changing? 45 census tracts
Each tract is colored and ranked by its change from 2019 to 2024, between the same two survey periods as the card above, as a share of its own starting level: green tracts improved, red tracts moved the wrong way. Tracts marked * moved less than their own survey margin, so their color is a direction, not a claim. Hover a tract for its numbers and history, or a table row to find that tract on the map; click either for its location or its data in the Explorer.
EducationTeens not in school and not working
Loading tract map…
7 of 45 tracts cover a shorter window (dashed outline; mostly 2020 boundary changes). Each tract's change uses the same two survey periods as the card above and is judged against the tract's own published margins; tracts marked * moved less than their margin. How the tract view works →
▸

Peers worth a call

3
Cities of similar size (100k-250k) that started mid-pack, like this city, and whose improvement is sustained over several years, larger than the data's normal noise, and big enough to matter. Referral candidates to investigate, not proven interventions. How we pick these →
  • Lewisville, TX down 4.7pp between its surveys · a larger real gain than 100% of this group · 2019-2024
  • Tallahassee, FL down 4.2pp between its surveys · a larger real gain than 99% of this group · 2019-2024
  • Temecula, CA down 4.0pp between its surveys · a larger real gain than 98% of this group · 2019-2024
Census ACS 5-year survey (table B14005) through 2024 ±2.8pp at 90% confidence (2024 estimate) survey trend: 2015-2019 vs 2020-2024 surveys about this metric
See all Education data →
Demographics 4 indicators
Demographics

Population

No better direction Rising
Compared against How peers are chosen →
What changed

Population rose about 3% between the 2015-2019 and 2020-2024 surveys, from 212,616 to 219,215 - more than the combined survey margin (±113).

Broader trend
73% of similar-size cities show a real change in the same direction; 13% moved the other way.
Longer view
Population rose about 6% from 2014 to 2024 (205,984 to 219,215).
Big move 219,215
20102024
Open in Explorer →
▸ Compare all 31 similar-size cities by change rank
Change is measured between each place's two non-overlapping survey periods against its published margins (90% confidence). significant improvement · significant worsening · not significant (within the margin). Change rank orders every measured change; read it with the dot beside it, ranks among hollow-dot rows are ordering values inside their margins. Today's rank orders current values in the metric's better direction.
Place Latest2020-2024 survey Today's rank Change2015-2019 → 2020-2024 Sig. Change rank History Latest vs. peers
Frisco, TX 219,304 12th +24% 1st 2% above peers
Cape Coral, FL 215,536 15th +17% 2nd 1% above peers
McKinney, TX 210,600 20th +16% 3rd 2% below peers
Sioux Falls, SD 201,469 30th +14% 4th 6% below peers
Huntsville, AL 222,791 8th +14% 5th 4% above peers
Worcester, MA 207,055 24th +12% 6th 3% below peers
Santa Clarita, CA 230,221 4th +8% 7th 7% above peers
Spokane, WA 230,293 3rd +6% 8th 8% above peers
Spring Valley, NV 219,187 14th +6% 9th 2% above peers
Tallahassee, FL 201,875 29th +6% 10th 6% below peers
Salt Lake City, UT 208,007 23rd +5% 11th 3% below peers
Yonkers, NY 209,978 21st +5% 12th 2% below peers
Overland Park, KS 200,306 31st +5% 13th 6% below peers
Grand Prairie, TX 201,883 28th +5% 14th 6% below peers
Tacoma, WA 222,758 10th +5% 15th 4% above peers
Columbus, GA 203,711 25th +4% 16th 5% below peers
Modesto, CA 219,215 13th +3% 17th 2% above peers
San Bernardino, CA 222,724 11th +3% 18th 4% above peers
Little Rock, AR 203,436 26th +3% 19th 5% below peers
Moreno Valley, CA 211,666 18th +2% 20th 1% below peers
Fontana, CA 214,169 16th +2% 21st on par with peers
Amarillo, TX 201,885 27th +1% 22nd 6% below peers
Richmond, VA 229,359 5th +1% 23rd 7% above peers
Arlington, VA 236,254 1st +1% 24th 10% above peers
Rochester, NY 208,772 22nd +1% 25th 3% below peers
Fayetteville, NC 210,815 19th +0% 26th 2% below peers
Baton Rouge, LA 222,771 9th -1% 27th 4% above peers
Des Moines, IA 212,421 17th -1% 28th 1% below peers
Fremont, CA 228,295 6th -3% 29th 7% above peers
Hialeah, FL 226,165 7th -4% 30th 6% above peers
Norfolk, VA 233,596 2nd -4% 31st 9% above peers
▸ Where is this changing? 45 census tracts
Each tract is colored and ranked by its change from 2019 to 2024, between the same two survey periods as the card above, as a share of its own starting level: blue tracts rose, orange tracts fell. Tracts marked * moved less than their own survey margin, so their color is a direction, not a claim. Hover a tract for its numbers and history, or a table row to find that tract on the map; click either for its location or its data in the Explorer.
DemographicsPopulation
Loading tract map…
7 of 45 tracts cover a shorter window (dashed outline; mostly 2020 boundary changes). Each tract's change uses the same two survey periods as the card above and is judged against the tract's own published margins; tracts marked * moved less than their margin. How the tract view works →
Census ACS 5-year survey through 2024 ±93 at 90% confidence (2024 estimate) survey trend: 2015-2019 vs 2020-2024 surveys about this metric
Demographics

Children's share of the population

No better direction No measurable change
Compared against How peers are chosen →
What changed

Children changed less than the survey can measure between the 2015-2019 and 2020-2024 surveys (25.5% then, 26.2% now; margin ±0.9pp).

Broader trend
73% of similar-size cities show a real change in either direction.
Longer view
Children rose 0.7 percentage points from 2017 to 2024 (25.5% to 26.2%).
Big move 26.2%
20172024
Open in Explorer →
▸ Compare all 31 similar-size cities by change rank
Change is measured between each place's two non-overlapping survey periods against its published margins (90% confidence). significant improvement · significant worsening · not significant (within the margin). Change rank orders every measured change; read it with the dot beside it, ranks among hollow-dot rows are ordering values inside their margins. Today's rank orders current values in the metric's better direction.
Place Latest2020-2024 survey Today's rank Change2015-2019 → 2020-2024 Sig. Change rank History Latest vs. peers
California ref 22.0% -1.0pp
United States ref 21.9% -0.7pp
Little Rock, AR 24.3% 12th +1.0pp 1st 11% above peers
Worcester, MA 19.6% 23rd +0.8pp 2nd 11% below peers
Norfolk, VA 20.4% 20th +0.6pp 3rd 7% below peers
Modesto, CA 26.2% 5th +0.7pp 4th 20% above peers
Arlington, VA 18.0% 26th +0.2pp 5th 18% below peers
Fayetteville, NC 23.8% 13th +0.3pp 6th 9% above peers
Columbus, GA 24.9% 9th +0.2pp 7th 14% above peers
Tallahassee, FL 16.6% 30th -0.1pp 8th 24% below peers
Richmond, VA 17.5% 28th -0.1pp 9th 20% below peers
Sioux Falls, SD 24.4% 11th -0.6pp 10th 12% above peers
Fremont, CA 22.3% 15th -0.6pp 11th 2% above peers
Des Moines, IA 23.2% 14th -0.6pp 12th 6% above peers
Cape Coral, FL 17.6% 27th -0.6pp 13th 20% below peers
Baton Rouge, LA 20.9% 17th -0.7pp 14th 4% below peers
Hialeah, FL 16.8% 29th -0.6pp 15th 23% below peers
Amarillo, TX 26.0% 7th -0.9pp 16th 19% above peers
Overland Park, KS 21.9% 16th -1.0pp 17th on par with peers
Santa Clarita, CA 24.6% 10th -1.2pp 18th 12% above peers
Fontana, CA 27.3% 1st -1.4pp 19th 25% above peers
Grand Prairie, TX 26.8% 3rd -1.5pp 20th 22% above peers
Spokane, WA 20.4% 19th -1.2pp 21st 7% below peers
Huntsville, AL 19.4% 24th -1.2pp 22nd 11% below peers
Rochester, NY 20.9% 18th -1.8pp 23rd 5% below peers
Moreno Valley, CA 25.9% 8th -2.3pp 24th 18% above peers
Tacoma, WA 19.8% 21st -1.8pp 25th 10% below peers
McKinney, TX 26.2% 6th -2.5pp 26th 20% above peers
Yonkers, NY 19.6% 22nd -2.0pp 27th 10% below peers
Spring Valley, NV 18.5% 25th -1.8pp 28th 16% below peers
San Bernardino, CA 26.7% 4th -2.9pp 29th 22% above peers
Frisco, TX 27.2% 2nd -3.2pp 30th 24% above peers
Salt Lake City, UT 16.4% 31st -3.9pp 31st 25% below peers
▸ Where is this changing? 45 census tracts
Each tract is colored and ranked by its change from 2019 to 2024, between the same two survey periods as the card above, as a share of its own starting level: blue tracts rose, orange tracts fell. Tracts marked * moved less than their own survey margin, so their color is a direction, not a claim. Hover a tract for its numbers and history, or a table row to find that tract on the map; click either for its location or its data in the Explorer.
DemographicsChildren's share of the population
Loading tract map…
7 of 45 tracts cover a shorter window (dashed outline; mostly 2020 boundary changes). Each tract's change uses the same two survey periods as the card above and is judged against the tract's own published margins; tracts marked * moved less than their margin. How the tract view works →
Census ACS 5-year survey through 2024 ±0.7pp at 90% confidence (2024 estimate) survey trend: 2015-2019 vs 2020-2024 surveys about this metric
Demographics

Children in single-parent families

No better direction No measurable change
Compared against How peers are chosen →
What changed

Single-parent changed less than the survey can measure between the 2015-2019 and 2020-2024 surveys (33.4% then, 33.3% now; margin ±4.0pp).

Broader trend
13% of similar-size cities show a real change in either direction.
Longer view
Single-parent fell 2.5 percentage points from 2014 to 2024 (35.8% to 33.3%).
33.3%
20102024
Open in Explorer →
▸ Compare all 31 similar-size cities by change rank
Change is measured between each place's two non-overlapping survey periods against its published margins (90% confidence). significant improvement · significant worsening · not significant (within the margin). Change rank orders every measured change; read it with the dot beside it, ranks among hollow-dot rows are ordering values inside their margins. Today's rank orders current values in the metric's better direction.
Place Latest2020-2024 survey Today's rank Change2015-2019 → 2020-2024 Sig. Change rank History Latest vs. peers
California ref 28.5% +0.7pp
United States ref 29.9% -0.2pp
Moreno Valley, CA 38.9% 14th +5.9pp 1st 7% above peers
Amarillo, TX 35.7% 17th +5.4pp 2nd 2% below peers
Salt Lake City, UT 32.1% 21st +3.8pp 3rd 12% below peers
Tacoma, WA 38.4% 15th +4.3pp 4th 5% above peers
Tallahassee, FL 48.4% 4th +5.2pp 5th 33% above peers
Fremont, CA 10.4% 31st +0.8pp 6th 72% below peers
Cape Coral, FL 29.0% 23rd +2.0pp 7th 21% below peers
Hialeah, FL 46.8% 6th +3.1pp 8th 28% above peers
Fontana, CA 27.7% 24th +1.8pp 9th 24% below peers
Arlington, VA 17.4% 29th +0.9pp 10th 52% below peers
Columbus, GA 47.6% 5th +2.0pp 11th 30% above peers
Santa Clarita, CA 20.0% 26th +0.6pp 12th 45% below peers
Spring Valley, NV 40.0% 13th +0.8pp 13th 10% above peers
Baton Rouge, LA 53.2% 3rd -0.1pp 14th 46% above peers
Modesto, CA 33.3% 19th -0.1pp 15th 9% below peers
Norfolk, VA 46.5% 7th -0.5pp 16th 27% above peers
McKinney, TX 17.8% 28th -0.2pp 17th 51% below peers
San Bernardino, CA 45.4% 8th -0.9pp 18th 24% above peers
Fayetteville, NC 43.4% 11th -0.9pp 19th 19% above peers
Rochester, NY 69.5% 1st -1.8pp 20th 90% above peers
Des Moines, IA 42.6% 12th -1.1pp 21st 17% above peers
Richmond, VA 55.8% 2nd -3.3pp 22nd 53% above peers
Overland Park, KS 18.0% 27th -1.1pp 23rd 51% below peers
Yonkers, NY 36.5% 16th -2.3pp 24th on par with peers
Sioux Falls, SD 29.3% 22nd -1.8pp 25th 20% below peers
Little Rock, AR 43.5% 10th -3.4pp 26th 19% above peers
Grand Prairie, TX 27.5% 25th -2.3pp 27th 25% below peers
Huntsville, AL 35.6% 18th -3.2pp 28th 2% below peers
Frisco, TX 11.9% 30th -1.1pp 29th 67% below peers
Worcester, MA 45.0% 9th -4.2pp 30th 23% above peers
Spokane, WA 32.5% 20th -5.2pp 31st 11% below peers
▸ Where is this changing? 45 census tracts
Each tract is colored and ranked by its change from 2019 to 2024, between the same two survey periods as the card above, as a share of its own starting level: blue tracts rose, orange tracts fell. Tracts marked * moved less than their own survey margin, so their color is a direction, not a claim. Hover a tract for its numbers and history, or a table row to find that tract on the map; click either for its location or its data in the Explorer.
DemographicsChildren in single-parent families
Loading tract map…
7 of 45 tracts cover a shorter window (dashed outline; mostly 2020 boundary changes). Each tract's change uses the same two survey periods as the card above and is judged against the tract's own published margins; tracts marked * moved less than their margin. How the tract view works →
Census ACS 5-year survey (table B09002) through 2024 ±3.2pp at 90% confidence (2024 estimate) survey trend: 2015-2019 vs 2020-2024 surveys about this metric
Demographics

Young children with all parents in the labor force

No better direction No measurable change
Compared against How peers are chosen →
What changed

Working parents changed less than the survey can measure between the 2015-2019 and 2020-2024 surveys (60.1% then, 58.1% now; margin ±7.5pp).

Broader trend
13% of similar-size cities show a real change in either direction.
Longer view
Working parents fell 0.9 percentage points from 2014 to 2024 (59.0% to 58.1%).
Big move 58.1%
20102024
Open in Explorer →
▸ Compare all 31 similar-size cities by change rank
Change is measured between each place's two non-overlapping survey periods against its published margins (90% confidence). significant improvement · significant worsening · not significant (within the margin). Change rank orders every measured change; read it with the dot beside it, ranks among hollow-dot rows are ordering values inside their margins. Today's rank orders current values in the metric's better direction.
Place Latest2020-2024 survey Today's rank Change2015-2019 → 2020-2024 Sig. Change rank History Latest vs. peers
California ref 66.5% +3.8pp
United States ref 68.1% +1.9pp
Fremont, CA 69.9% 13th +12.8pp 1st 1% above peers
Santa Clarita, CA 69.0% 17th +8.7pp 2nd on par with peers
Frisco, TX 70.6% 12th +8.8pp 3rd 2% above peers
Moreno Valley, CA 61.4% 27th +5.8pp 4th 11% below peers
Yonkers, NY 78.2% 2nd +7.4pp 5th 13% above peers
Tacoma, WA 67.4% 23rd +6.1pp 6th 3% below peers
Cape Coral, FL 73.3% 4th +6.6pp 7th 6% above peers
Sioux Falls, SD 82.6% 1st +7.3pp 8th 19% above peers
Overland Park, KS 72.3% 7th +6.3pp 9th 4% above peers
McKinney, TX 69.2% 16th +5.9pp 10th on par with peers
Salt Lake City, UT 65.2% 24th +5.4pp 11th 6% below peers
Amarillo, TX 68.8% 18th +5.0pp 12th 1% below peers
Spring Valley, NV 70.7% 10th +4.6pp 13th 2% above peers
Tallahassee, FL 72.6% 5th +4.4pp 14th 5% above peers
Huntsville, AL 70.8% 9th +2.5pp 15th 2% above peers
Norfolk, VA 67.7% 22nd +1.6pp 16th 2% below peers
Little Rock, AR 68.7% 19th +1.3pp 17th 1% below peers
Arlington, VA 74.8% 3rd +1.0pp 18th 8% above peers
Grand Prairie, TX 68.4% 21st +0.4pp 19th 1% below peers
Worcester, MA 69.6% 14th -0.2pp 20th on par with peers
Spokane, WA 64.4% 25th -1.2pp 21st 7% below peers
Hialeah, FL 71.5% 8th -1.3pp 22nd 3% above peers
Rochester, NY 69.4% 15th -1.6pp 23rd on par with peers
Modesto, CA 58.1% 29th -2.0pp 24th 16% below peers
Fontana, CA 57.0% 31st -2.0pp 25th 18% below peers
Des Moines, IA 70.7% 11th -2.9pp 26th 2% above peers
San Bernardino, CA 60.3% 28th -2.8pp 27th 13% below peers
Columbus, GA 62.5% 26th -3.5pp 28th 10% below peers
Fayetteville, NC 57.4% 30th -4.0pp 29th 17% below peers
Baton Rouge, LA 72.3% 6th -5.2pp 30th 4% above peers
Richmond, VA 68.7% 20th -5.6pp 31st 1% below peers
▸ Where is this changing? 45 census tracts
Each tract is colored and ranked by its change from 2019 to 2024, between the same two survey periods as the card above, as a share of its own starting level: blue tracts rose, orange tracts fell. Tracts marked * moved less than their own survey margin, so their color is a direction, not a claim. Hover a tract for its numbers and history, or a table row to find that tract on the map; click either for its location or its data in the Explorer.
DemographicsYoung children with all parents in the labor force
Loading tract map…
7 of 45 tracts cover a shorter window (dashed outline; mostly 2020 boundary changes). Each tract's change uses the same two survey periods as the card above and is judged against the tract's own published margins; tracts marked * moved less than their margin. How the tract view works →
Census ACS 5-year survey (table B23008) through 2024 ±5.8pp at 90% confidence (2024 estimate) survey trend: 2015-2019 vs 2020-2024 surveys about this metric
See all Demographics data →