DataWorks Commons
Castro Valley, CA
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Castro Valley, CA

See all data for this place → See Castro Valley on Skyline →
65,001 people (2024) 50k-100k West

Bright spots 9 indicators

Where Castro Valley, CA shows a real improvement in recent years, or stands clearly ahead of its peers. How this is calculated →
★
Household income
Median household income
$142,779
2020-24
▲ 32%
relative change
$108,488 in 2019
Real improvement Leading peers
Learn more ↓
 ★
Broadband
Households with a broadband internet subscription
96.7%
2020-24
▲ 7%
relative change
90.8% in 2019
Real improvement Leading peers
Learn more ↓
 ★
Child poverty
Share of children below the poverty level
5.8%
2020-24
▼ 23%
relative change
7.5% in 2019
No measurable change Leading peers
Learn more ↓
 ★
Uninsured
People without health insurance
3.3%
2020-24
▲ 8%
relative change
3.1% in 2019
No measurable change Leading peers
Learn more ↓
Poverty
Share of people below the poverty level
6.7%
2020-24
▼ 2%
relative change
6.9% in 2019
No measurable change Leading peers
Learn more ↓
 ★
Homeownership
Homeownership rate
72.5%
2020-24
▲ 2%
relative change
71.3% in 2019
No measurable change Leading peers
Learn more ↓
Child uninsured
Children without health insurance
3.1%
2020-24
▲ 61%
relative change
1.9% in 2019
No measurable change Leading peers
Learn more ↓
Disconnected youth
Teens not in school and not working
4.1%
2020-24
▲ 42%
relative change
2.9% in 2019
No measurable change Leading peers
Learn more ↓
Preschool enrollment
Children ages 3-4 enrolled in preschool
52.9%
2020-24
▲ 16%
relative change
45.5% in 2019
No measurable change Leading peers
Learn more ↓

What needs attention 1 indicator

Where Castro Valley, CA shows a real worsening in recent years, or trails its peers clearly. How this is calculated →
Cost burden
Housing cost-burdened households
35.6%
2020-24
▲ 3%
relative change
34.5% in 2019
No measurable change Trailing peers
Learn more ↓

Big moves & big gaps 4 indicators

Real movement and big differences from peers, where neither direction is simply good or bad. Biggest relative change first; big-gap cards come last. How this is calculated →
Working parents
Young children with all parents in the labor force
78.8%
2020-24
▲ 31%
relative change
60.3% in 2019
Rising Among the highest of peers
Learn more ↓
Rent
Typical asking rent
$2,889
Aug 2026
▲ 7%
relative change
$2,692 a year earlier
Rising recently Among the highest of peers
Learn more ↓
Home value
Typical home value
$1,089,663
Aug 2026
▲ <1%
relative change
$1,081,074 a year earlier
Rising recently Among the highest of peers
Learn more ↓
Starter homes
Starter home value (bottom tier)
$844,087
Aug 2026
▲ <1%
relative change
$838,652 a year earlier
Rising recently Among the highest of peers
Learn more ↓

All indicators

Economy 6 indicators
★
Economy

Median household income

▲ Higher is better Real improvement ★ National leader
Compared against How peers are chosen →
What changed

Household income rose about 32% between the 2015-2019 and 2020-2024 surveys, from $108,488 to $142,779 (each survey's own dollars, not adjusted for inflation) - more than the combined survey margin (±$8,972).

Broader trend
97% of similar-size cities show a real change in the same direction. Castro Valley started among the stronger third of similar-size cities and kept improving; worth investigating.
Longer view
Household income rose about 71% from 2014 to 2024 ($83,442 to $142,779).
Bright spot $142,779
20102024
Open in Explorer →
▸ Compare all 31 similar-size cities by change rank
Change is measured between each place's two non-overlapping survey periods against its published margins (90% confidence). significant improvement · significant worsening · not significant (within the margin). Change rank orders every measured change; read it with the dot beside it, ranks among hollow-dot rows are ordering values inside their margins. Today's rank orders current values in the metric's better direction.
Place Latest2020-2024 survey Today's rank Change2015-2019 → 2020-2024 Sig. Change rank History Latest vs. peers
California ref $99,122 +32%
United States ref $80,734 +28%
Brentwood, NY $111,572 13th +51% 1st 14% above peers
Apopka, FL $96,884 18th +47% 2nd 1% below peers
Sammamish, WA $239,690 1st +38% 3rd 145% above peers
Celina, TX $170,894 3rd +37% 4th 75% above peers
Port Charlotte, FL $63,844 27th +37% 5th 35% below peers
Millcreek, UT $98,045 15th +36% 6th on par with peers
Hendersonville, TN $97,200 17th +34% 7th 1% below peers
Castro Valley, CA $142,779 6th +32% 8th 46% above peers
Marana, AZ $112,606 12th +31% 9th 15% above peers
Muncie, IN $44,471 31st +31% 10th 55% below peers
Bellevue, NE $85,462 23rd +31% 11th 13% below peers
Davis, CA $90,045 20th +30% 12th 8% below peers
South San Francisco, CA $136,578 8th +30% 13th 40% above peers
Laguna Niguel, CA $140,452 7th +29% 14th 44% above peers
Four Corners, FL $72,879 24th +27% 15th 25% below peers
Lorain, OH $48,685 30th +27% 16th 50% below peers
Waltham, MA $120,216 11th +25% 17th 23% above peers
Coon Rapids, MN $88,251 21st +24% 18th 10% below peers
Reston, VA $148,710 5th +24% 19th 52% above peers
Richland, WA $95,813 19th +23% 20th 2% below peers
Palm Beach Gardens, FL $106,947 14th +22% 21st 9% above peers
Palatine, IL $97,819 16th +21% 22nd on par with peers
Yorba Linda, CA $157,582 4th +21% 23rd 61% above peers
North Little Rock, AR $52,707 29th +21% 24th 46% below peers
Parker, CO $133,369 10th +20% 25th 36% above peers
Burnsville, MN $87,024 22nd +18% 26th 11% below peers
Hamilton, OH $55,166 28th +17% 27th 44% below peers
Union City, CA $133,715 9th +17% 28th 37% above peers
Kenner, LA $64,020 26th +16% 29th 35% below peers
Dundalk, MD $64,520 25th +16% 30th 34% below peers
Fulshear, TX $187,035 2nd +12% 31st 91% above peers
▸ Where is this changing? 12 census tracts
Each tract is colored and ranked by its change from 2019 to 2024, between the same two survey periods as the card above, as a share of its own starting level: green tracts improved, red tracts moved the wrong way. Tracts marked * moved less than their own survey margin, so their color is a direction, not a claim. Hover a tract for its numbers and history, or a table row to find that tract on the map; click either for its location or its data in the Explorer.
EconomyMedian household income
Loading tract map…
Each tract's change uses the same two survey periods as the card above and is judged against the tract's own published margins; tracts marked * moved less than their margin. How the tract view works →
▸ Break down by group Race · ACS 2024
Loading breakdown…
How breakdowns work →
▸

Peers worth a call

3
Cities of similar size (50k-100k) that started in the strongest third, like this city, and whose improvement is sustained over several years, larger than the data's normal noise, and big enough to matter. Referral candidates to investigate, not proven interventions. How we pick these →
  • Palo Alto, CA up about 46% between its surveys · a larger real gain than 96% of this group · 2019-2024
  • Dublin, CA up about 43% between its surveys · a larger real gain than 92% of this group · 2019-2024
  • Bothell, WA up about 40% between its surveys · a larger real gain than 88% of this group · 2019-2024
Census ACS 5-year survey through 2024 ±$7,262 at 90% confidence (2024 estimate) survey trend: 2015-2019 vs 2020-2024 surveys about this metric
Economy

Share of people below the poverty level

▼ Lower is better No measurable change
Compared against How peers are chosen →
What changed

Poverty changed less than the survey can measure between the 2015-2019 and 2020-2024 surveys (6.9% then, 6.7% now; margin ±1.7pp).

Broader trend
30% of similar-size cities show a real change in either direction.
Longer view
Poverty fell 1.3 percentage points from 2014 to 2024 (8.0% to 6.7%).
Bright spot 6.7%
20112024
Open in Explorer →
▸ Compare all 31 similar-size cities by change rank
Change is measured between each place's two non-overlapping survey periods against its published margins (90% confidence). significant improvement · significant worsening · not significant (within the margin). Change rank orders every measured change; read it with the dot beside it, ranks among hollow-dot rows are ordering values inside their margins. Today's rank orders current values in the metric's better direction.
Place Latest2020-2024 survey Today's rank Change2015-2019 → 2020-2024 Sig. Change rank History Latest vs. peers
California ref 12.0% -1.3pp
United States ref 12.4%
Brentwood, NY 6.7% 10th -5.7pp 1st 15% below peers
Fulshear, TX 1.6% 1st -0.8pp 2nd 80% below peers
Port Charlotte, FL 9.6% 21st -4.2pp 3rd 23% above peers
Bellevue, NE 7.8% 16th -2.7pp 4th on par with peers
Four Corners, FL 10.5% 23rd -3.3pp 5th 34% above peers
Marana, AZ 4.9% 5th -1.4pp 6th 37% below peers
Reston, VA 5.7% 6th -1.2pp 7th 27% below peers
Palatine, IL 8.2% 17th -1.7pp 8th 5% above peers
North Little Rock, AR 20.3% 28th -3.5pp 9th 160% above peers
Davis, CA 26.5% 30th -3.3pp 10th 239% above peers
Kenner, LA 15.4% 25th -1.9pp 11th 98% above peers
Laguna Niguel, CA 6.4% 9th -0.8pp 12th 18% below peers
Millcreek, UT 7.8% 15th -0.7pp 13th 1% below peers
Muncie, IN 29.2% 31st -1.8pp 14th 274% above peers
South San Francisco, CA 6.7% 12th -0.2pp 15th 14% below peers
Castro Valley, CA 6.7% 11th -0.2pp 16th 14% below peers
Lorain, OH 25.2% 29th +0.1pp 17th 224% above peers
Waltham, MA 9.4% 20th +0.1pp 18th 21% above peers
Richland, WA 9.0% 19th +0.1pp 19th 15% above peers
Hendersonville, TN 6.3% 8th +0.1pp 20th 19% below peers
Apopka, FL 10.2% 22nd +0.9pp 21st 31% above peers
Hamilton, OH 19.6% 27th +2.6pp 22nd 152% above peers
Palm Beach Gardens, FL 7.2% 14th +1.0pp 23rd 7% below peers
Dundalk, MD 17.4% 26th +2.8pp 24th 124% above peers
Yorba Linda, CA 5.8% 7th +1.3pp 25th 25% below peers
Coon Rapids, MN 8.2% 18th +2.1pp 26th 6% above peers
Parker, CO 4.4% 3rd +1.2pp 27th 43% below peers
Burnsville, MN 10.8% 24th +3.3pp 28th 39% above peers
Union City, CA 7.2% 13th +2.2pp 29th 7% below peers
Sammamish, WA 4.3% 2nd +1.9pp 30th 45% below peers
Celina, TX 4.7% 4th +4.1pp 31st 39% below peers
▸ Where is this changing? 12 census tracts
Each tract is colored and ranked by its change from 2019 to 2024, between the same two survey periods as the card above, as a share of its own starting level: green tracts improved, red tracts moved the wrong way. Tracts marked * moved less than their own survey margin, so their color is a direction, not a claim. Hover a tract for its numbers and history, or a table row to find that tract on the map; click either for its location or its data in the Explorer.
EconomyShare of people below the poverty level
Loading tract map…
Each tract's change uses the same two survey periods as the card above and is judged against the tract's own published margins; tracts marked * moved less than their margin. How the tract view works →
▸ Break down by group Race · Age · Sex · ACS 2024
Loading breakdown…
How breakdowns work →
▸

Peers worth a call

3
Cities of similar size (50k-100k) that started in the strongest third, like this city, and whose improvement is sustained over several years, larger than the data's normal noise, and big enough to matter. Referral candidates to investigate, not proven interventions. How we pick these →
  • Apex, NC down 2.9pp between its surveys · a larger real gain than 100% of this group · 2019-2024
  • Eagle Mountain, UT down 3.8pp between its surveys · a larger real gain than 100% of this group · 2019-2024
  • Westfield, IN down 2.3pp between its surveys · a larger real gain than 99% of this group · 2019-2024
Census ACS 5-year survey through 2024 ±1.4pp at 90% confidence (2024 estimate) survey trend: 2015-2019 vs 2020-2024 surveys about this metric
★
Economy

Share of children below the poverty level

▼ Lower is better No measurable change ★ Strong performer
Compared against How peers are chosen →
What changed

Child poverty changed less than the survey can measure between the 2015-2019 and 2020-2024 surveys (7.5% then, 5.8% now; margin ±2.9pp).

Broader trend
43% of similar-size cities show a real change in either direction.
Longer view
Child poverty fell 4.7 percentage points from 2014 to 2024 (10.5% to 5.8%).
Bright spot 5.8%
20132024
Open in Explorer →
▸ Compare all 31 similar-size cities by change rank
Change is measured between each place's two non-overlapping survey periods against its published margins (90% confidence). significant improvement · significant worsening · not significant (within the margin). Change rank orders every measured change; read it with the dot beside it, ranks among hollow-dot rows are ordering values inside their margins. Today's rank orders current values in the metric's better direction.
Place Latest2020-2024 survey Today's rank Change2015-2019 → 2020-2024 Sig. Change rank History Latest vs. peers
California ref 15.0% -3.1pp
United States ref 16.1%
Brentwood, NY 7.2% 13th -9.9pp 1st 5% below peers
Fulshear, TX 1.2% 1st -1.0pp 2nd 84% below peers
Marana, AZ 4.3% 3rd -3.3pp 3rd 43% below peers
Bellevue, NE 8.1% 18th -5.8pp 4th 8% above peers
Waltham, MA 7.6% 17th -4.0pp 5th 1% above peers
Four Corners, FL 15.5% 25th -8.0pp 6th 105% above peers
Millcreek, UT 5.7% 6th -2.7pp 7th 25% below peers
Reston, VA 6.6% 9th -2.9pp 8th 13% below peers
Kenner, LA 20.1% 26th -8.2pp 9th 166% above peers
Palatine, IL 13.0% 21st -5.3pp 10th 73% above peers
Port Charlotte, FL 14.3% 23rd -5.5pp 11th 90% above peers
North Little Rock, AR 27.8% 29th -8.5pp 12th 269% above peers
Castro Valley, CA 5.8% 7th -1.7pp 13th 23% below peers
Richland, WA 11.5% 19th -3.0pp 14th 52% above peers
Davis, CA 7.0% 12th -1.6pp 15th 7% below peers
Laguna Niguel, CA 7.5% 16th -1.6pp 16th on par with peers
South San Francisco, CA 7.5% 15th -1.5pp 17th 1% below peers
Muncie, IN 30.3% 30th -4.3pp 18th 302% above peers
Hendersonville, TN 7.2% 14th -0.6pp 19th 4% below peers
Apopka, FL 13.4% 22nd -1.2pp 20th 78% above peers
Lorain, OH 38.7% 31st -0.9pp 21st 414% above peers
Parker, CO 3.4% 2nd +0.2pp 22nd 55% below peers
Yorba Linda, CA 6.9% 11th +0.7pp 23rd 9% below peers
Hamilton, OH 27.6% 28th +3.0pp 24th 267% above peers
Burnsville, MN 14.4% 24th +2.6pp 25th 91% above peers
Dundalk, MD 27.0% 27th +5.7pp 26th 258% above peers
Coon Rapids, MN 12.3% 20th +3.8pp 27th 64% above peers
Union City, CA 6.9% 10th +2.5pp 28th 9% below peers
Sammamish, WA 4.9% 5th +2.0pp 29th 35% below peers
Palm Beach Gardens, FL 6.2% 8th +3.5pp 30th 18% below peers
Celina, TX 4.7% 4th 37% below peers
▸ Where is this changing? 12 census tracts
Each tract is colored and ranked by its change from 2019 to 2024, between the same two survey periods as the card above, as a share of its own starting level: green tracts improved, red tracts moved the wrong way. Tracts marked * moved less than their own survey margin, so their color is a direction, not a claim. Hover a tract for its numbers and history, or a table row to find that tract on the map; click either for its location or its data in the Explorer.
EconomyShare of children below the poverty level
Loading tract map…
Each tract's change uses the same two survey periods as the card above and is judged against the tract's own published margins; tracts marked * moved less than their margin. How the tract view works →
▸

Peers worth a call

3
Cities of similar size (50k-100k) that started in the strongest third, like this city, and whose improvement is sustained over several years, larger than the data's normal noise, and big enough to matter. Referral candidates to investigate, not proven interventions. How we pick these →
  • Westfield, IN down 6.7pp between its surveys · a larger real gain than 100% of this group · 2019-2024
  • Catalina Foothills, AZ down 5.4pp between its surveys · a larger real gain than 100% of this group · 2019-2024
  • Apex, NC down 4.0pp between its surveys · a larger real gain than 99% of this group · 2019-2024
Census ACS 5-year survey through 2024 ±2.4pp at 90% confidence (2024 estimate) survey trend: 2015-2019 vs 2020-2024 surveys about this metric
★
Economy

Households with a broadband internet subscription

▲ Higher is better Real improvement ★ Strong performer
Compared against How peers are chosen →
What changed

Broadband rose 5.9 percentage points between the 2015-2019 and 2020-2024 surveys, from 90.8% to 96.7% - more than the combined survey margin (±1.5pp).

Broader trend
83% of similar-size cities show a real change in the same direction. Castro Valley started mid-pack and has reached a genuinely better level; worth investigating.
Longer view
Broadband rose 8.0 percentage points from 2017 to 2024 (88.7% to 96.7%).
Bright spot 96.7%
20172024
Open in Explorer →
▸ Compare all 31 similar-size cities by change rank
Change is measured between each place's two non-overlapping survey periods against its published margins (90% confidence). significant improvement · significant worsening · not significant (within the margin). Change rank orders every measured change; read it with the dot beside it, ranks among hollow-dot rows are ordering values inside their margins. Today's rank orders current values in the metric's better direction.
Place Latest2020-2024 survey Today's rank Change2015-2019 → 2020-2024 Sig. Change rank History Latest vs. peers
California ref 93.6% +6.6pp
United States ref 91.1%
Lorain, OH 83.4% 30th +14.2pp 1st 12% below peers
North Little Rock, AR 86.8% 29th +14.0pp 2nd 8% below peers
Muncie, IN 87.7% 27th +11.0pp 3rd 7% below peers
Kenner, LA 87.7% 28th +10.9pp 4th 7% below peers
Four Corners, FL 94.8% 16th +11.0pp 5th on par with peers
Apopka, FL 94.2% 18th +9.8pp 6th 1% below peers
Dundalk, MD 88.1% 26th +8.8pp 7th 7% below peers
Port Charlotte, FL 91.6% 24th +8.3pp 8th 3% below peers
Hamilton, OH 88.6% 25th +6.8pp 9th 7% below peers
Burnsville, MN 95.4% 13th +7.1pp 10th 1% above peers
South San Francisco, CA 95.7% 11th +6.3pp 11th 1% above peers
Hendersonville, TN 95.4% 14th +6.3pp 12th 1% above peers
Castro Valley, CA 96.7% 6th +5.9pp 13th 2% above peers
Millcreek, UT 93.3% 22nd +5.6pp 14th 2% below peers
Waltham, MA 94.0% 19th +5.4pp 15th 1% below peers
Bellevue, NE 93.3% 20th +5.3pp 16th 2% below peers
Palatine, IL 95.7% 9th +5.2pp 17th 1% above peers
Coon Rapids, MN 92.9% 23rd +4.2pp 18th 2% below peers
Richland, WA 93.3% 21st +4.0pp 19th 2% below peers
Marana, AZ 97.6% 4th +4.0pp 20th 3% above peers
Union City, CA 95.2% 15th +2.9pp 21st on par with peers
Palm Beach Gardens, FL 95.6% 12th +2.3pp 22nd 1% above peers
Laguna Niguel, CA 96.6% 7th +2.2pp 23rd 2% above peers
Reston, VA 97.0% 5th +2.0pp 24th 2% above peers
Parker, CO 98.3% 3rd +2.0pp 25th 4% above peers
Celina, TX 98.5% 2nd +1.8pp 26th 4% above peers
Brentwood, NY 77.6% 31st +1.3pp 27th 18% below peers
Davis, CA 94.5% 17th +1.0pp 28th on par with peers
Sammamish, WA 99.2% 1st +1.0pp 29th 5% above peers
Yorba Linda, CA 95.7% 10th -0.0pp 30th 1% above peers
Fulshear, TX 96.0% 8th -2.2pp 31st 1% above peers
▸ Where is this changing? 12 census tracts
Each tract is colored and ranked by its change from 2019 to 2024, between the same two survey periods as the card above, as a share of its own starting level: green tracts improved, red tracts moved the wrong way. Tracts marked * moved less than their own survey margin, so their color is a direction, not a claim. Hover a tract for its numbers and history, or a table row to find that tract on the map; click either for its location or its data in the Explorer.
EconomyHouseholds with a broadband internet subscription
Loading tract map…
Each tract's change uses the same two survey periods as the card above and is judged against the tract's own published margins; tracts marked * moved less than their margin. How the tract view works →
▸

Peers worth a call

3
Cities of similar size (50k-100k) that started mid-pack, like this city, and whose improvement is sustained over several years, larger than the data's normal noise, and big enough to matter. Referral candidates to investigate, not proven interventions. How we pick these →
  • Olympia, WA up 11.9pp between its surveys · a larger real gain than 84% of this group · 2019-2024
  • The Hammocks, FL up 11.7pp between its surveys · a larger real gain than 81% of this group · 2019-2024
  • Redding, CA up 11.0pp between its surveys · a larger real gain than 80% of this group · 2019-2024
Census ACS 5-year survey through 2024 ±1.1pp at 90% confidence (2024 estimate) survey trend: 2015-2019 vs 2020-2024 surveys about this metric
Economy

Income inequality (Gini index)

▼ Lower is better No measurable change
Compared against How peers are chosen →
What changed

Inequality changed less than the survey can measure between the 2015-2019 and 2020-2024 surveys (0.41 then, 0.43 now; margin ±0.02).

Broader trend
33% of similar-size cities show a real change in either direction.
Longer view
Inequality rose about 3% from 2014 to 2024 (0.42 to 0.43).
0.43
20102024
Open in Explorer →
▸ Compare all 31 similar-size cities by change rank
Change is measured between each place's two non-overlapping survey periods against its published margins (90% confidence). significant improvement · significant worsening · not significant (within the margin). Change rank orders every measured change; read it with the dot beside it, ranks among hollow-dot rows are ordering values inside their margins. Today's rank orders current values in the metric's better direction.
Place Latest2020-2024 survey Today's rank Change2015-2019 → 2020-2024 Sig. Change rank History Latest vs. peers
California ref 0.49 +0.000
United States ref 0.48 +0.001
Celina, TX 0.37 3rd -0.064 1st 13% below peers
Brentwood, NY 0.40 6th -0.036 2nd 7% below peers
Hendersonville, TN 0.41 10th -0.033 3rd 5% below peers
North Little Rock, AR 0.47 26th -0.030 4th 10% above peers
Muncie, IN 0.46 24th -0.024 5th 8% above peers
Port Charlotte, FL 0.41 13th -0.019 6th 3% below peers
Palatine, IL 0.43 16th -0.016 7th on par with peers
Laguna Niguel, CA 0.47 25th -0.017 8th 9% above peers
Reston, VA 0.41 12th -0.014 9th 3% below peers
Apopka, FL 0.40 7th -0.010 10th 7% below peers
Lorain, OH 0.47 27th -0.004 11th 10% above peers
Davis, CA 0.53 30th +0.001 12th 23% above peers
Burnsville, MN 0.40 8th +0.002 13th 7% below peers
Bellevue, NE 0.39 5th +0.004 14th 8% below peers
Dundalk, MD 0.44 17th +0.005 15th 2% above peers
Millcreek, UT 0.47 28th +0.009 16th 11% above peers
Coon Rapids, MN 0.37 2nd +0.008 17th 13% below peers
Castro Valley, CA 0.43 15th +0.012 18th on par with peers
Yorba Linda, CA 0.45 22nd +0.017 19th 4% above peers
Kenner, LA 0.49 29th +0.022 20th 14% above peers
Palm Beach Gardens, FL 0.55 31st +0.027 21st 28% above peers
Hamilton, OH 0.44 19th +0.022 22nd 3% above peers
Richland, WA 0.44 18th +0.023 23rd 3% above peers
Parker, CO 0.38 4th +0.026 24th 12% below peers
Waltham, MA 0.44 21st +0.032 25th 4% above peers
Fulshear, TX 0.34 1st +0.026 26th 20% below peers
Sammamish, WA 0.41 9th +0.035 27th 5% below peers
Marana, AZ 0.41 11th +0.051 28th 4% below peers
Four Corners, FL 0.42 14th +0.054 29th 2% below peers
South San Francisco, CA 0.46 23rd +0.059 30th 7% above peers
Union City, CA 0.44 20th +0.066 31st 3% above peers
Census ACS 5-year survey (table B19083) through 2024 ±0.01 at 90% confidence (2024 estimate) survey trend: 2015-2019 vs 2020-2024 surveys about this metric
Economy

Households receiving SNAP

▼ Lower is better No measurable change
Compared against How peers are chosen →
What changed

SNAP changed less than the survey can measure between the 2014-2018 and 2019-2023 surveys (4.1% then, 5.7% now; margin ±1.6pp).

Broader trend
30% of similar-size cities show a real change in either direction.
Longer view
Snap rose 1.5 percentage points from 2013 to 2023 (4.2% to 5.7%).
5.7%
20102023
Open in Explorer →
▸ Compare all 31 similar-size cities by change rank
Change is measured between each place's two non-overlapping survey periods against its published margins (90% confidence). significant improvement · significant worsening · not significant (within the margin). Change rank orders every measured change; read it with the dot beside it, ranks among hollow-dot rows are ordering values inside their margins. Today's rank orders current values in the metric's better direction.
Place Latest2019-2023 survey Today's rank Change2014-2018 → 2019-2023 Sig. Change rank History Latest vs. peers
California ref 11.4% +2.2pp
United States ref 11.8% -0.5pp
Celina, TX 0.9% 1st -0.9pp 1st 88% below peers
Hendersonville, TN 4.5% 10th -2.6pp 2nd 38% below peers
Burnsville, MN 5.1% 12th -2.2pp 3rd 30% below peers
Reston, VA 3.6% 8th -1.1pp 4th 51% below peers
Four Corners, FL 8.9% 20th -2.3pp 5th 22% above peers
Brentwood, NY 12.7% 25th -3.1pp 6th 74% above peers
Millcreek, UT 4.9% 11th -1.2pp 7th 33% below peers
Coon Rapids, MN 7.2% 15th -1.6pp 8th 2% below peers
Bellevue, NE 7.3% 16th -1.3pp 9th on par with peers
Apopka, FL 10.7% 22nd -1.7pp 10th 48% above peers
Hamilton, OH 17.8% 28th -2.8pp 11th 144% above peers
North Little Rock, AR 13.5% 27th -1.4pp 12th 86% above peers
Port Charlotte, FL 11.8% 24th -1.0pp 13th 62% above peers
Kenner, LA 13.0% 26th -0.8pp 14th 79% above peers
Lorain, OH 25.0% 31st -1.1pp 15th 244% above peers
Palm Beach Gardens, FL 2.7% 3rd +0.2pp 16th 62% below peers
Dundalk, MD 23.3% 30th +1.6pp 17th 220% above peers
Muncie, IN 20.5% 29th +1.8pp 18th 182% above peers
Marana, AZ 3.5% 7th +0.4pp 19th 52% below peers
Palatine, IL 8.2% 19th +1.1pp 20th 13% above peers
Richland, WA 11.5% 23rd +1.7pp 21st 58% above peers
Waltham, MA 7.6% 17th +1.5pp 22nd 5% above peers
Castro Valley, CA 5.7% 14th +1.6pp 23rd 22% below peers
Yorba Linda, CA 3.2% 5th +0.9pp 24th 56% below peers
South San Francisco, CA 5.3% 13th +1.5pp 25th 28% below peers
Union City, CA 8.0% 18th +2.4pp 26th 10% above peers
Parker, CO 3.5% 6th +1.3pp 27th 52% below peers
Laguna Niguel, CA 4.2% 9th +1.6pp 28th 42% below peers
Sammamish, WA 2.5% 2nd +1.1pp 29th 65% below peers
Fulshear, TX 3.2% 4th +1.9pp 30th 56% below peers
Davis, CA 9.4% 21st +5.8pp 31st 30% above peers
▸ Where is this changing? 12 census tracts
Each tract is colored and ranked by its change from 2018 to 2023, between the same two survey periods as the card above, as a share of its own starting level: green tracts improved, red tracts moved the wrong way. Tracts marked * moved less than their own survey margin, so their color is a direction, not a claim. Hover a tract for its numbers and history, or a table row to find that tract on the map; click either for its location or its data in the Explorer.
EconomyHouseholds receiving SNAP
Loading tract map…
Each tract's change uses the same two survey periods as the card above and is judged against the tract's own published margins; tracts marked * moved less than their margin. How the tract view works →
▸

Peers worth a call

3
Cities of similar size (50k-100k) that started in the strongest third, like this city, and whose improvement is sustained over several years, larger than the data's normal noise, and big enough to matter. Referral candidates to investigate, not proven interventions. How we pick these →
  • Queen Creek, AZ down 2.1pp between its surveys · a larger real gain than 100% of this group · 2018-2023
  • El Dorado Hills, CA down 1.0pp between its surveys · a larger real gain than 100% of this group · 2018-2023
  • South Jordan, UT down 1.2pp between its surveys · a larger real gain than 99% of this group · 2018-2023
Census ACS 5-year survey through 2023 ±1.4pp at 90% confidence (2023 estimate) survey trend: 2014-2018 vs 2019-2023 surveys about this metric
See all Economy data →
Housing 6 indicators
Housing

Typical home value

No better direction Rising recently
Compared against How peers are chosen →
What changed

Home value rose about 1% over the 12 months ending August 2026, slower than 55% of similar-size cities.

Broader trend
Multi-year view: home value is about 5% higher than in 2021 ($1,036,737 then, $1,089,663 now), but the direction has turned: after peaking near $1,147,342 in 2022 it has fallen mostly since.
Longer view
Home value rose about 6% a year from 2016 to 2026.
Latest
Most recent monthly reading: $1,089,663 in August 2026, up from $1,081,074 a year earlier.
Big move $1,089,663
2000August 2026
Open in Explorer →
▸ Compare all 30 similar-size cities by change rank
Place Latest Today's rank Changelast 12 months Change rank History Latest vs. peers
California ref $764,158 (Aug 26) +0.4%
United States ref $368,697 (Aug 26) +1.2%
Palatine, IL $393,104 (Aug 26) 20th +6.4% 1st 23% below peers
Brentwood, NY $645,519 (Aug 26) 11th +5.1% 2nd 26% above peers
Laguna Niguel, CA $1,485,606 (Aug 26) 2nd +4.8% 3rd 190% above peers
Lorain, OH $156,898 (Aug 26) 30th +3.9% 4th 69% below peers
Kenner, LA $269,861 (Aug 26) 25th +3.9% 5th 47% below peers
North Little Rock, AR $169,776 (Aug 26) 28th +3.7% 6th 67% below peers
Hamilton, OH $307,195 (Aug 26) 23rd +3.6% 7th 40% below peers
Muncie, IN $158,233 (Aug 26) 29th +3.5% 8th 69% below peers
Millcreek, UT $633,137 (Aug 26) 12th +3.4% 9th 24% above peers
Palm Beach Gardens, FL $695,799 (Aug 26) 9th +3.2% 10th 36% above peers
Bellevue, NE $300,450 (Aug 26) 24th +3.0% 11th 41% below peers
Yorba Linda, CA $1,399,669 (Aug 26) 3rd +3.0% 12th 173% above peers
South San Francisco, CA $1,222,899 (Aug 26) 4th +2.9% 13th 139% above peers
Burnsville, MN $368,875 (Aug 26) 21st +2.4% 14th 28% below peers
Coon Rapids, MN $330,973 (Aug 26) 22nd +2.1% 15th 35% below peers
Waltham, MA $819,328 (Aug 26) 8th +1.1% 16th 60% above peers
Castro Valley, CA $1,089,663 (Aug 26) 6th +0.8% 17th 113% above peers
Hendersonville, TN $518,234 (Aug 26) 14th +0.7% 18th 1% above peers
Richland, WA $466,478 (Aug 26) 17th +0.3% 19th 9% below peers
Reston, VA $624,958 (Aug 26) 13th +0.3% 20th 22% above peers
Apopka, FL $394,175 (Aug 26) 19th -0.6% 21st 23% below peers
Davis, CA $837,982 (Aug 26) 7th -1.2% 22nd 64% above peers
Marana, AZ $417,076 (Aug 26) 18th -1.4% 23rd 19% below peers
Dundalk, MD $221,991 (Aug 26) 27th -1.5% 24th 57% below peers
Parker, CO $676,203 (Aug 26) 10th -1.6% 25th 32% above peers
Union City, CA $1,198,720 (Aug 26) 5th -2.8% 26th 134% above peers
Fulshear, TX $499,162 (Aug 26) 16th -3.2% 27th 2% below peers
Port Charlotte, FL $267,275 (Aug 26) 26th -4.6% 28th 48% below peers
Sammamish, WA $1,516,014 (Aug 26) 1st -5.3% 29th 196% above peers
Celina, TX $511,903 (Aug 26) 15th -9.2% 30th on par with peers
Zillow Home Value Index through 2026-08 modeled trend: robust fit about this metric
Housing

Starter home value (bottom tier)

No better direction Rising recently
Compared against How peers are chosen →
What changed

Starter homes rose about 1% over the 12 months ending August 2026, slower than 55% of similar-size cities.

Broader trend
Multi-year view: starter homes rose about 1% a year from 2021 to 2026, slower than 66% of similar-size cities.
Longer view
Starter homes rose about 8% a year from 2016 to 2026.
Latest
Most recent monthly reading: $844,087 in August 2026, up from $838,652 a year earlier.
Big move $844,087
2000August 2026
Open in Explorer →
▸ Compare all 30 similar-size cities by change rank
Place Latest Today's rank Changelast 12 months Change rank History Latest vs. peers
California ref $467,879 (Aug 26) -0.0%
United States ref $200,550 (Aug 26) +2.2%
Brentwood, NY $597,003 (Aug 26) 9th +13.3% 1st 61% above peers
Lorain, OH $108,986 (Aug 26) 28th +9.3% 2nd 71% below peers
Kenner, LA $195,822 (Aug 26) 24th +8.9% 3rd 47% below peers
Palatine, IL $245,481 (Aug 26) 22nd +4.1% 4th 34% below peers
Hamilton, OH $173,177 (Aug 26) 27th +4.0% 5th 53% below peers
South San Francisco, CA $940,947 (Aug 26) 3rd +3.2% 6th 154% above peers
North Little Rock, AR $92,224 (Aug 26) 29th +3.1% 7th 75% below peers
Laguna Niguel, CA $895,797 (Aug 26) 4th +3.1% 8th 142% above peers
Bellevue, NE $233,634 (Aug 26) 23rd +3.0% 9th 37% below peers
Yorba Linda, CA $987,175 (Aug 26) 2nd +2.2% 10th 167% above peers
Muncie, IN $89,592 (Aug 26) 30th +2.1% 11th 76% below peers
Millcreek, UT $425,521 (Aug 26) 11th +1.8% 12th 15% above peers
Waltham, MA $613,699 (Aug 26) 8th +1.7% 13th 66% above peers
Coon Rapids, MN $262,904 (Aug 26) 20th +1.6% 14th 29% below peers
Palm Beach Gardens, FL $375,101 (Aug 26) 14th +1.0% 15th 1% above peers
Richland, WA $351,785 (Aug 26) 17th +0.9% 16th 5% below peers
Castro Valley, CA $844,087 (Aug 26) 5th +0.6% 17th 128% above peers
Hendersonville, TN $370,361 (Aug 26) 15th +0.2% 18th on par with peers
Burnsville, MN $248,718 (Aug 26) 21st +0.1% 19th 33% below peers
Davis, CA $631,759 (Aug 26) 7th -0.2% 20th 71% above peers
Reston, VA $388,601 (Aug 26) 13th -0.4% 21st 5% above peers
Apopka, FL $293,799 (Aug 26) 19th -1.1% 22nd 21% below peers
Marana, AZ $314,133 (Aug 26) 18th -1.2% 23rd 15% below peers
Parker, CO $541,886 (Aug 26) 10th -1.5% 24th 46% above peers
Dundalk, MD $182,978 (Aug 26) 25th -1.6% 25th 51% below peers
Fulshear, TX $352,861 (Aug 26) 16th -3.7% 26th 5% below peers
Union City, CA $748,596 (Aug 26) 6th -4.9% 27th 102% above peers
Sammamish, WA $1,052,161 (Aug 26) 1st -5.5% 28th 184% above peers
Port Charlotte, FL $179,507 (Aug 26) 26th -5.7% 29th 52% below peers
Celina, TX $390,583 (Aug 26) 12th -8.7% 30th 5% above peers
Zillow Home Value Index through 2026-08 modeled trend: robust fit about this metric
★
Housing

Homeownership rate

▲ Higher is better No measurable change ★ Strong performer
Compared against How peers are chosen →
What changed

Homeownership changed less than the survey can measure between the 2015-2019 and 2020-2024 surveys (71.3% then, 72.5% now; margin ±3.0pp).

Broader trend
37% of similar-size cities show a real change in either direction.
Longer view
Homeownership rose 5.5 percentage points from 2014 to 2024 (67.1% to 72.5%).
Bright spot 72.5%
20112024
Open in Explorer →
▸ Compare all 31 similar-size cities by change rank
Change is measured between each place's two non-overlapping survey periods against its published margins (90% confidence). significant improvement · significant worsening · not significant (within the margin). Change rank orders every measured change; read it with the dot beside it, ranks among hollow-dot rows are ordering values inside their margins. Today's rank orders current values in the metric's better direction.
Place Latest2020-2024 survey Today's rank Change2015-2019 → 2020-2024 Sig. Change rank History Latest vs. peers
California ref 55.9% +1.0pp
United States ref 65.2%
Celina, TX 92.7% 1st +12.0pp 1st 42% above peers
Brentwood, NY 80.4% 7th +7.5pp 2nd 23% above peers
Kenner, LA 63.1% 21st +5.8pp 3rd 4% below peers
Port Charlotte, FL 83.2% 4th +7.4pp 4th 27% above peers
Apopka, FL 77.7% 8th +5.8pp 5th 19% above peers
Bellevue, NE 65.5% 16th +3.4pp 6th on par with peers
Marana, AZ 83.7% 3rd +4.3pp 7th 28% above peers
Muncie, IN 52.0% 27th +2.6pp 8th 20% below peers
Hendersonville, TN 71.7% 13th +1.7pp 9th 10% above peers
Castro Valley, CA 72.5% 11th +1.3pp 10th 11% above peers
Lorain, OH 57.1% 25th +1.0pp 11th 13% below peers
Millcreek, UT 61.4% 22nd +0.8pp 12th 6% below peers
Dundalk, MD 64.6% 19th +0.8pp 13th 1% below peers
Davis, CA 43.5% 31st +0.4pp 14th 34% below peers
Burnsville, MN 64.7% 18th +0.4pp 15th 1% below peers
Yorba Linda, CA 83.0% 5th +0.4pp 16th 27% above peers
Coon Rapids, MN 74.8% 9th +0.3pp 17th 14% above peers
Hamilton, OH 54.3% 26th -0.2pp 18th 17% below peers
Richland, WA 64.4% 20th -0.7pp 19th 2% below peers
Union City, CA 64.7% 17th -0.7pp 20th 1% below peers
Palm Beach Gardens, FL 73.0% 10th -0.9pp 21st 12% above peers
Reston, VA 60.6% 23rd -1.0pp 22nd 7% below peers
Laguna Niguel, CA 67.4% 15th -1.6pp 23rd 3% above peers
Palatine, IL 67.4% 14th -1.7pp 24th 3% above peers
Four Corners, FL 51.8% 28th -1.3pp 25th 21% below peers
South San Francisco, CA 59.0% 24th -2.2pp 26th 10% below peers
Sammamish, WA 82.5% 6th -3.1pp 27th 26% above peers
Waltham, MA 49.7% 29th -2.0pp 28th 24% below peers
North Little Rock, AR 44.6% 30th -2.7pp 29th 32% below peers
Parker, CO 71.8% 12th -4.7pp 30th 10% above peers
Fulshear, TX 90.0% 2nd -8.3pp 31st 38% above peers
▸ Where is this changing? 12 census tracts
Each tract is colored and ranked by its change from 2019 to 2024, between the same two survey periods as the card above, as a share of its own starting level: green tracts improved, red tracts moved the wrong way. Tracts marked * moved less than their own survey margin, so their color is a direction, not a claim. Hover a tract for its numbers and history, or a table row to find that tract on the map; click either for its location or its data in the Explorer.
HousingHomeownership rate
Loading tract map…
Each tract's change uses the same two survey periods as the card above and is judged against the tract's own published margins; tracts marked * moved less than their margin. How the tract view works →
▸ Break down by group Race · ACS 2024
Loading breakdown…
How breakdowns work →
Census ACS 5-year survey through 2024 ±2.4pp at 90% confidence (2024 estimate) survey trend: 2015-2019 vs 2020-2024 surveys about this metric
Housing

Typical asking rent

No better direction Rising recently, faster than peers
Compared against How peers are chosen →
What changed

Rent rose about 7% over the 12 months ending August 2026, faster than 96% of similar-size cities.

Broader trend
Multi-year view: rent rose about 3% a year from 2021 to 2026, slower than 63% of similar-size cities.
Longer view
Rent rose about 3% a year from 2019 to 2026.
Latest
Most recent monthly reading: $2,889 in August 2026, up from $2,692 a year earlier.
Big move $2,889
2019August 2026
Open in Explorer →
▸ Compare all 29 similar-size cities by change rank
Place Latest Today's rank Changelast 12 months Change rank History Latest vs. peers
United States ref $1,948 (Aug 26) +2.5%
South San Francisco, CA $4,027 (Aug 26) 2nd +16.5% 1st 101% above peers
Castro Valley, CA $2,889 (Aug 26) 7th +7.3% 2nd 44% above peers
Laguna Niguel, CA $3,383 (Aug 26) 4th +7.2% 3rd 69% above peers
Union City, CA $2,945 (Aug 26) 5th +6.3% 4th 47% above peers
Muncie, IN $1,002 (Aug 26) 29th +6.1% 5th 50% below peers
Palm Beach Gardens, FL $2,814 (Aug 26) 8th +4.2% 6th 41% above peers
Coon Rapids, MN $1,611 (Aug 26) 20th +4.1% 7th 20% below peers
Sammamish, WA $3,587 (Aug 26) 3rd +4.0% 8th 79% above peers
Lorain, OH $1,133 (Aug 26) 28th +3.9% 9th 43% below peers
Marana, AZ $2,190 (Aug 26) 12th +3.6% 10th 9% above peers
Hamilton, OH $1,512 (Aug 26) 23rd +3.6% 11th 25% below peers
Hendersonville, TN $1,674 (Aug 26) 19th +2.5% 12th 16% below peers
Davis, CA $2,529 (Aug 26) 10th +2.5% 13th 26% above peers
Waltham, MA $2,939 (Aug 26) 6th +2.4% 14th 47% above peers
Palatine, IL $1,953 (Aug 26) 16th +2.2% 15th 2% below peers
Reston, VA $2,598 (Aug 26) 9th +2.0% 16th 30% above peers
Yorba Linda, CA $4,118 (Aug 26) 1st +2.0% 17th 106% above peers
Millcreek, UT $1,516 (Aug 26) 22nd +1.6% 18th 24% below peers
North Little Rock, AR $1,148 (Aug 26) 27th +1.0% 19th 43% below peers
Burnsville, MN $1,486 (Aug 26) 24th +0.9% 20th 26% below peers
Dundalk, MD $1,485 (Aug 26) 25th +0.7% 21st 26% below peers
Kenner, LA $1,525 (Aug 26) 21st +0.3% 22nd 24% below peers
Apopka, FL $2,003 (Aug 26) 15th -0.2% 23rd on par with peers
Richland, WA $1,731 (Aug 26) 18th -1.1% 24th 14% below peers
Celina, TX $2,028 (Aug 26) 14th -1.4% 25th 1% above peers
Bellevue, NE $1,360 (Aug 26) 26th -1.9% 26th 32% below peers
Port Charlotte, FL $1,770 (Aug 26) 17th -2.0% 27th 12% below peers
Fulshear, TX $2,124 (Aug 26) 13th -2.2% 28th 6% above peers
Parker, CO $2,266 (Aug 26) 11th -2.9% 29th 13% above peers
Zillow Observed Rent Index through 2026-08 modeled trend: robust fit about this metric
Housing

Housing cost-burdened households

▼ Lower is better No measurable change
Compared against How peers are chosen →
What changed

Cost burden changed less than the survey can measure between the 2015-2019 and 2020-2024 surveys (34.5% then, 35.6% now; margin ±3.7pp).

Broader trend
23% of similar-size cities show a real change in either direction.
Longer view
Cost burden fell 2.5 percentage points from 2014 to 2024 (38.1% to 35.6%).
Needs attention 35.6%
20102024
Open in Explorer →
▸ Compare all 31 similar-size cities by change rank
Change is measured between each place's two non-overlapping survey periods against its published margins (90% confidence). significant improvement · significant worsening · not significant (within the margin). Change rank orders every measured change; read it with the dot beside it, ranks among hollow-dot rows are ordering values inside their margins. Today's rank orders current values in the metric's better direction.
Place Latest2020-2024 survey Today's rank Change2015-2019 → 2020-2024 Sig. Change rank History Latest vs. peers
California ref 41.7% +0.0pp
United States ref 32.2% +0.4pp
Brentwood, NY 33.4% 16th -14.5pp 1st on par with peers
Fulshear, TX 23.0% 2nd -3.6pp 2nd 31% below peers
Muncie, IN 31.9% 12th -4.9pp 3rd 4% below peers
Yorba Linda, CA 34.7% 20th -2.6pp 4th 4% above peers
Celina, TX 21.9% 1st -1.0pp 5th 34% below peers
Reston, VA 25.9% 5th -1.1pp 6th 23% below peers
Bellevue, NE 26.0% 7th -1.1pp 7th 22% below peers
Laguna Niguel, CA 41.4% 29th -1.1pp 8th 24% above peers
Apopka, FL 35.7% 25th -0.4pp 9th 7% above peers
Lorain, OH 34.6% 19th -0.2pp 10th 4% above peers
North Little Rock, AR 34.6% 18th -0.1pp 11th 4% above peers
Port Charlotte, FL 33.9% 17th +0.7pp 12th 2% above peers
Hamilton, OH 32.9% 14th +1.0pp 13th 1% below peers
Castro Valley, CA 35.6% 24th +1.1pp 14th 7% above peers
Kenner, LA 35.9% 26th +1.8pp 15th 7% above peers
Union City, CA 35.5% 22nd +1.9pp 16th 6% above peers
Waltham, MA 35.1% 21st +2.0pp 17th 5% above peers
Hendersonville, TN 29.5% 8th +1.8pp 18th 12% below peers
South San Francisco, CA 38.7% 28th +2.6pp 19th 16% above peers
Palatine, IL 33.1% 15th +2.4pp 20th 1% below peers
Davis, CA 47.1% 31st +3.9pp 21st 41% above peers
Palm Beach Gardens, FL 35.5% 23rd +3.2pp 22nd 6% above peers
Burnsville, MN 32.0% 13th +3.2pp 23rd 4% below peers
Millcreek, UT 30.4% 10th +3.2pp 24th 9% below peers
Marana, AZ 23.4% 4th +2.5pp 25th 30% below peers
Sammamish, WA 23.2% 3rd +2.6pp 26th 30% below peers
Coon Rapids, MN 29.6% 9th +3.9pp 27th 11% below peers
Four Corners, FL 42.3% 30th +5.6pp 28th 27% above peers
Dundalk, MD 38.1% 27th +5.5pp 29th 14% above peers
Parker, CO 31.1% 11th +5.3pp 30th 7% below peers
Richland, WA 26.0% 6th +4.8pp 31st 22% below peers
▸ Where is this changing? 12 census tracts
Each tract is colored and ranked by its change from 2019 to 2024, between the same two survey periods as the card above, as a share of its own starting level: green tracts improved, red tracts moved the wrong way. Tracts marked * moved less than their own survey margin, so their color is a direction, not a claim. Hover a tract for its numbers and history, or a table row to find that tract on the map; click either for its location or its data in the Explorer.
HousingHousing cost-burdened households
Loading tract map…
Each tract's change uses the same two survey periods as the card above and is judged against the tract's own published margins; tracts marked * moved less than their margin. How the tract view works →
▸

Peers worth a call

3
Cities of similar size (50k-100k) that started in the weakest third, like this city, and whose improvement is sustained over several years, larger than the data's normal noise, and big enough to matter. Referral candidates to investigate, not proven interventions. How we pick these →
  • Brentwood, NY down 14.5pp between its surveys · a larger real gain than 100% of this group · 2017-2022
  • Delano, CA down 11.3pp between its surveys · a larger real gain than 100% of this group · 2019-2024
  • Wheaton, MD down 7.4pp between its surveys · a larger real gain than 100% of this group · 2019-2024
Census ACS 5-year survey (tables B25070 + B25091) through 2024 ±2.9pp at 90% confidence (2024 estimate) survey trend: 2015-2019 vs 2020-2024 surveys about this metric
Housing

Households without a vehicle

▼ Lower is better No measurable change
Compared against How peers are chosen →
What changed

No vehicle changed less than the survey can measure between the 2015-2019 and 2020-2024 surveys (4.8% then, 5.5% now; margin ±1.6pp).

Broader trend
13% of similar-size cities show a real change in either direction.
Longer view
No vehicle rose 1.8 percentage points from 2014 to 2024 (3.8% to 5.5%).
5.5%
20102024
Open in Explorer →
▸ Compare all 31 similar-size cities by change rank
Change is measured between each place's two non-overlapping survey periods against its published margins (90% confidence). significant improvement · significant worsening · not significant (within the margin). Change rank orders every measured change; read it with the dot beside it, ranks among hollow-dot rows are ordering values inside their margins. Today's rank orders current values in the metric's better direction.
Place Latest2020-2024 survey Today's rank Change2015-2019 → 2020-2024 Sig. Change rank History Latest vs. peers
California ref 7.1% -0.0pp
United States ref 8.3% -0.3pp
Apopka, FL 2.4% 6th -2.0pp 1st 50% below peers
Millcreek, UT 4.3% 13th -2.3pp 2nd 11% below peers
Lorain, OH 9.1% 28th -2.6pp 3rd 90% above peers
Port Charlotte, FL 5.0% 17th -1.4pp 4th 3% above peers
North Little Rock, AR 8.2% 24th -2.0pp 5th 71% above peers
Burnsville, MN 5.6% 19th -1.1pp 6th 16% above peers
Davis, CA 8.2% 25th -1.1pp 7th 71% above peers
Bellevue, NE 3.8% 11th -0.5pp 8th 20% below peers
Hamilton, OH 8.1% 23rd -1.0pp 9th 70% above peers
Dundalk, MD 12.4% 31st -0.8pp 10th 158% above peers
Laguna Niguel, CA 2.4% 5th -0.1pp 11th 50% below peers
Hendersonville, TN 2.7% 7th -0.1pp 12th 44% below peers
Muncie, IN 10.6% 29th -0.3pp 13th 120% above peers
Richland, WA 4.2% 12th -0.0pp 14th 12% below peers
Yorba Linda, CA 2.7% 8th +0.1pp 15th 44% below peers
Union City, CA 5.9% 20th +0.4pp 16th 22% above peers
Waltham, MA 8.6% 27th +0.7pp 17th 79% above peers
Kenner, LA 8.3% 26th +0.7pp 18th 73% above peers
Reston, VA 4.6% 14th +0.5pp 19th 4% below peers
Parker, CO 1.7% 4th +0.2pp 20th 64% below peers
Castro Valley, CA 5.5% 18th +0.8pp 21st 15% above peers
South San Francisco, CA 7.5% 22nd +1.4pp 22nd 57% above peers
Palatine, IL 4.7% 15th +1.0pp 23rd 2% below peers
Coon Rapids, MN 6.3% 21st +1.4pp 24th 31% above peers
Palm Beach Gardens, FL 4.8% 16th +1.0pp 25th on par with peers
Four Corners, FL 3.8% 10th +0.9pp 26th 20% below peers
Marana, AZ 2.8% 9th +0.6pp 27th 43% below peers
Brentwood, NY 10.6% 30th +2.9pp 28th 121% above peers
Celina, TX 1.2% 2nd +0.4pp 29th 75% below peers
Sammamish, WA 1.6% 3rd +0.8pp 30th 66% below peers
Fulshear, TX 1.0% 1st +0.9pp 31st 79% below peers
▸ Where is this changing? 12 census tracts
Each tract is colored and ranked by its change from 2019 to 2024, between the same two survey periods as the card above, as a share of its own starting level: green tracts improved, red tracts moved the wrong way. Tracts marked * moved less than their own survey margin, so their color is a direction, not a claim. Hover a tract for its numbers and history, or a table row to find that tract on the map; click either for its location or its data in the Explorer.
HousingHouseholds without a vehicle
Loading tract map…
Each tract's change uses the same two survey periods as the card above and is judged against the tract's own published margins; tracts marked * moved less than their margin. How the tract view works →
▸

Peers worth a call

3
Cities of similar size (50k-100k) that started mid-pack, like this city, and whose improvement is sustained over several years, larger than the data's normal noise, and big enough to matter. Referral candidates to investigate, not proven interventions. How we pick these →
  • San Jacinto, CA down 3.4pp between its surveys · a larger real gain than 100% of this group · 2019-2024
  • Idaho Falls, ID down 2.8pp between its surveys · a larger real gain than 99% of this group · 2019-2024
  • Encinitas, CA down 2.4pp between its surveys · a larger real gain than 99% of this group · 2019-2024
Census ACS 5-year survey (table B08201) through 2024 ±1.3pp at 90% confidence (2024 estimate) survey trend: 2015-2019 vs 2020-2024 surveys about this metric
See all Housing data →
Health 3 indicators
★
Health

People without health insurance

▼ Lower is better No measurable change ★ Strong performer
Compared against How peers are chosen →
What changed

Uninsured changed less than the survey can measure between the 2015-2019 and 2020-2024 surveys (3.1% then, 3.3% now; margin ±0.8pp).

Broader trend
33% of similar-size cities show a real change in either direction.
Longer view
Uninsured fell 5.4 percentage points from 2014 to 2024 (8.7% to 3.3%).
Bright spot 3.3%
20132024
Open in Explorer →
▸ Compare all 31 similar-size cities by change rank
Change is measured between each place's two non-overlapping survey periods against its published margins (90% confidence). significant improvement · significant worsening · not significant (within the margin). Change rank orders every measured change; read it with the dot beside it, ranks among hollow-dot rows are ordering values inside their margins. Today's rank orders current values in the metric's better direction.
Place Latest2020-2024 survey Today's rank Change2015-2019 → 2020-2024 Sig. Change rank History Latest vs. peers
California ref 6.6% -0.9pp
United States ref 8.4% -0.4pp
South San Francisco, CA 3.1% 7th -1.5pp 1st 56% below peers
Hendersonville, TN 6.1% 14th -2.2pp 2nd 13% below peers
Brentwood, NY 11.3% 29th -3.8pp 3rd 62% above peers
Marana, AZ 3.7% 9th -1.2pp 4th 47% below peers
Palatine, IL 7.6% 19th -2.3pp 5th 9% above peers
Celina, TX 7.4% 18th -2.1pp 6th 6% above peers
Bellevue, NE 7.8% 20th -2.0pp 7th 11% above peers
Waltham, MA 2.9% 4th -0.6pp 8th 59% below peers
Fulshear, TX 2.8% 3rd -0.4pp 9th 60% below peers
Davis, CA 3.0% 6th -0.5pp 10th 57% below peers
Apopka, FL 10.8% 28th -1.6pp 11th 53% above peers
Muncie, IN 8.0% 22nd -1.1pp 12th 14% above peers
Yorba Linda, CA 2.5% 2nd -0.3pp 13th 64% below peers
Richland, WA 5.0% 12th -0.5pp 14th 29% below peers
Reston, VA 5.7% 13th -0.5pp 15th 19% below peers
Millcreek, UT 7.2% 17th -0.6pp 16th 3% above peers
Dundalk, MD 7.9% 21st -0.3pp 17th 13% above peers
Port Charlotte, FL 12.6% 30th -0.3pp 18th 80% above peers
Kenner, LA 14.6% 31st +0.3pp 19th 108% above peers
Laguna Niguel, CA 3.9% 10th +0.1pp 20th 44% below peers
Hamilton, OH 8.6% 25th +0.6pp 21st 22% above peers
North Little Rock, AR 10.5% 27th +0.7pp 22nd 50% above peers
Castro Valley, CA 3.3% 8th +0.2pp 23rd 53% below peers
Palm Beach Gardens, FL 7.0% 16th +0.6pp 24th on par with peers
Lorain, OH 8.2% 24th +1.1pp 25th 17% above peers
Parker, CO 4.4% 11th +0.8pp 26th 37% below peers
Four Corners, FL 10.4% 26th +2.3pp 27th 48% above peers
Union City, CA 2.9% 5th +0.8pp 28th 58% below peers
Sammamish, WA 2.3% 1st +0.8pp 29th 67% below peers
Coon Rapids, MN 6.3% 15th +2.3pp 30th 10% below peers
Burnsville, MN 8.0% 23rd +4.1pp 31st 14% above peers
▸ Where is this changing? 12 census tracts
Each tract is colored and ranked by its change from 2019 to 2024, between the same two survey periods as the card above, as a share of its own starting level: green tracts improved, red tracts moved the wrong way. Tracts marked * moved less than their own survey margin, so their color is a direction, not a claim. Hover a tract for its numbers and history, or a table row to find that tract on the map; click either for its location or its data in the Explorer.
HealthPeople without health insurance
Loading tract map…
Each tract's change uses the same two survey periods as the card above and is judged against the tract's own published margins; tracts marked * moved less than their margin. How the tract view works →
▸ Break down by group Race · Age · Sex · ACS 2024
Loading breakdown…
How breakdowns work →
▸

Peers worth a call

3
Cities of similar size (50k-100k) that started in the strongest third, like this city, and whose improvement is sustained over several years, larger than the data's normal noise, and big enough to matter. Referral candidates to investigate, not proven interventions. How we pick these →
  • Mountain View, CA down 2.6pp between its surveys · a larger real gain than 100% of this group · 2019-2024
  • Brookline, MA down 1.1pp between its surveys · a larger real gain than 100% of this group · 2019-2024
  • Minnetonka, MN down 1.2pp between its surveys · a larger real gain than 99% of this group · 2019-2024
Census ACS 5-year survey through 2024 ±0.7pp at 90% confidence (2024 estimate) survey trend: 2015-2019 vs 2020-2024 surveys about this metric
★
Health

Adult obesity

▼ Lower is better Level only ★ National leader
Compared against How peers are chosen →
What changed

Adult obesity is about half the peer median.

19.3%
20202022
Open in Explorer →
▸ Compare all 31 similar-size cities best first
Place Latest Today's rank History Latest vs. peers
California ref 28.4%
United States ref 33.4%
Union City, CA 15.8% 1st 49% below peers
Sammamish, WA 18.8% 2nd 40% below peers
Castro Valley, CA 19.3% 3rd 38% below peers
South San Francisco, CA 21.4% 4th 31% below peers
Parker, CO 21.9% 5th 30% below peers
Yorba Linda, CA 22.9% 6th 27% below peers
Waltham, MA 24.1% 7th 23% below peers
Laguna Niguel, CA 24.8% 8th 21% below peers
Palm Beach Gardens, FL 26.2% 9th 16% below peers
Davis, CA 26.3% 10th 16% below peers
Reston, VA 27.9% 11th 11% below peers
Marana, AZ 29.0% 12th 7% below peers
Palatine, IL 29.0% 13th 7% below peers
Fulshear, TX 30.8% 14th 1% below peers
Celina, TX 30.8% 15th 1% below peers
Millcreek, UT 31.2% 16th on par with peers
Four Corners, FL 33.3% 17th 7% above peers
Apopka, FL 33.5% 18th 7% above peers
Brentwood, NY 35.0% 19th 12% above peers
Burnsville, MN 35.3% 20th 13% above peers
Port Charlotte, FL 35.6% 21st 14% above peers
Hendersonville, TN 36.8% 22nd 18% above peers
Dundalk, MD 36.8% 23rd 18% above peers
Richland, WA 37.3% 24th 20% above peers
Coon Rapids, MN 37.7% 25th 21% above peers
Kenner, LA 39.8% 26th 28% above peers
Bellevue, NE 40.3% 27th 29% above peers
Hamilton, OH 40.4% 28th 29% above peers
North Little Rock, AR 41.1% 29th 32% above peers
Muncie, IN 41.6% 30th 33% above peers
Lorain, OH 44.9% 31st 44% above peers
CDC PLACES through 2022 modeled tract map about this metric
Health

Children without health insurance

▼ Lower is better No measurable change
Compared against How peers are chosen →
What changed

Child uninsured changed less than the survey can measure between the 2015-2019 and 2020-2024 surveys (1.9% then, 3.1% now; margin ±1.4pp).

Broader trend
23% of similar-size cities show a real change in either direction.
Longer view
Child uninsured rose 0.1 percentage points from 2014 to 2024 (3.0% to 3.1%).
Bright spot 3.1%
20122024
Open in Explorer →
▸ Compare all 31 similar-size cities by change rank
Change is measured between each place's two non-overlapping survey periods against its published margins (90% confidence). significant improvement · significant worsening · not significant (within the margin). Change rank orders every measured change; read it with the dot beside it, ranks among hollow-dot rows are ordering values inside their margins. Today's rank orders current values in the metric's better direction.
Place Latest2020-2024 survey Today's rank Change2015-2019 → 2020-2024 Sig. Change rank History Latest vs. peers
California ref 3.2% -0.0pp
United States ref 5.5% +0.4pp
Celina, TX 4.5% 17th -7.0pp 1st 2% above peers
Richland, WA 1.3% 2nd -1.9pp 2nd 70% below peers
Yorba Linda, CA 0.9% 1st -1.1pp 3rd 81% below peers
Palatine, IL 4.5% 16th -1.9pp 4th on par with peers
Muncie, IN 3.8% 14th -1.5pp 5th 15% below peers
Bellevue, NE 3.4% 12th -1.3pp 6th 24% below peers
Laguna Niguel, CA 2.0% 5th -0.6pp 7th 55% below peers
Fulshear, TX 1.8% 4th -0.5pp 8th 60% below peers
South San Francisco, CA 1.4% 3rd -0.3pp 9th 69% below peers
Marana, AZ 4.1% 15th -1.0pp 10th 7% below peers
Port Charlotte, FL 7.3% 28th -1.1pp 11th 65% above peers
Waltham, MA 2.1% 8th -0.3pp 12th 52% below peers
Parker, CO 2.1% 7th -0.2pp 13th 53% below peers
Lorain, OH 3.5% 13th -0.4pp 14th 22% below peers
Hendersonville, TN 4.8% 18th -0.5pp 15th 7% above peers
Apopka, FL 6.0% 25th +0.0pp 16th 35% above peers
Millcreek, UT 5.3% 21st +0.2pp 17th 19% above peers
Reston, VA 5.3% 22nd +0.4pp 18th 20% above peers
Dundalk, MD 5.1% 20th +0.6pp 19th 15% above peers
Palm Beach Gardens, FL 7.8% 29th +1.3pp 20th 75% above peers
Davis, CA 2.6% 9th +0.5pp 21st 42% below peers
North Little Rock, AR 5.8% 24th +1.4pp 22nd 30% above peers
Brentwood, NY 8.6% 31st +2.1pp 23rd 94% above peers
Kenner, LA 7.1% 27th +1.9pp 24th 59% above peers
Union City, CA 2.7% 10th +0.8pp 25th 40% below peers
Castro Valley, CA 3.1% 11th +1.2pp 26th 30% below peers
Four Corners, FL 8.3% 30th +3.2pp 27th 87% above peers
Hamilton, OH 5.5% 23rd +3.0pp 28th 25% above peers
Coon Rapids, MN 4.8% 19th +2.8pp 29th 8% above peers
Sammamish, WA 2.1% 6th +1.5pp 30th 53% below peers
Burnsville, MN 6.8% 26th +5.0pp 31st 53% above peers
▸ Where is this changing? 12 census tracts
Each tract is colored and ranked by its change from 2019 to 2024, between the same two survey periods as the card above, as a share of its own starting level: green tracts improved, red tracts moved the wrong way. Tracts marked * moved less than their own survey margin, so their color is a direction, not a claim. Hover a tract for its numbers and history, or a table row to find that tract on the map; click either for its location or its data in the Explorer.
HealthChildren without health insurance
Loading tract map…
Each tract's change uses the same two survey periods as the card above and is judged against the tract's own published margins; tracts marked * moved less than their margin. How the tract view works →
▸

Peers worth a call

3
Cities of similar size (50k-100k) that started in the strongest third, like this city, and whose improvement is sustained over several years, larger than the data's normal noise, and big enough to matter. Referral candidates to investigate, not proven interventions. How we pick these →
  • Newport Beach, CA down 1.3pp between its surveys · a larger real gain than 100% of this group · 2019-2024
  • Royal Oak, MI down 1.5pp between its surveys · a larger real gain than 99% of this group · 2019-2024
  • Troy, NY down 1.7pp between its surveys · a larger real gain than 97% of this group · 2019-2024
Census ACS 5-year survey (table B27001) through 2024 ±1.2pp at 90% confidence (2024 estimate) survey trend: 2015-2019 vs 2020-2024 surveys about this metric
See all Health data →
Education 3 indicators
Education

Adults with a bachelor's degree or higher

▲ Higher is better No measurable change
Compared against How peers are chosen →
What changed

College attainment changed less than the survey can measure between the 2015-2019 and 2020-2024 surveys (44.9% then, 44.5% now; margin ±2.9pp).

Broader trend
53% of similar-size cities show a real change in either direction.
Longer view
College attainment rose 8.6 percentage points from 2014 to 2024 (35.9% to 44.5%).
44.5%
20102024
Open in Explorer →
▸ Compare all 31 similar-size cities by change rank
Change is measured between each place's two non-overlapping survey periods against its published margins (90% confidence). significant improvement · significant worsening · not significant (within the margin). Change rank orders every measured change; read it with the dot beside it, ranks among hollow-dot rows are ordering values inside their margins. Today's rank orders current values in the metric's better direction.
Place Latest2020-2024 survey Today's rank Change2015-2019 → 2020-2024 Sig. Change rank History Latest vs. peers
California ref 37.1% +3.1pp
United States ref 35.7% +3.5pp
Celina, TX 64.3% 5th +19.8pp 1st 44% above peers
Apopka, FL 38.8% 20th +11.3pp 2nd 13% below peers
Brentwood, NY 17.2% 28th +4.2pp 3rd 61% below peers
Dundalk, MD 15.7% 30th +2.8pp 4th 65% below peers
Bellevue, NE 34.5% 22nd +6.0pp 5th 23% below peers
Lorain, OH 14.8% 31st +2.1pp 6th 67% below peers
Kenner, LA 29.1% 24th +4.0pp 7th 35% below peers
Hendersonville, TN 43.9% 17th +6.0pp 8th 1% below peers
Four Corners, FL 35.0% 21st +4.6pp 9th 21% below peers
South San Francisco, CA 40.8% 18th +5.2pp 10th 8% below peers
Union City, CA 45.1% 15th +4.8pp 11th 1% above peers
Laguna Niguel, CA 59.8% 6th +6.2pp 12th 34% above peers
Muncie, IN 26.1% 25th +2.6pp 13th 41% below peers
North Little Rock, AR 30.6% 23rd +3.0pp 14th 31% below peers
Port Charlotte, FL 20.8% 27th +2.0pp 15th 53% below peers
Palm Beach Gardens, FL 57.4% 7th +5.0pp 16th 29% above peers
Fulshear, TX 74.8% 3rd +6.4pp 17th 68% above peers
Richland, WA 46.6% 14th +3.6pp 18th 5% above peers
Millcreek, UT 54.2% 11th +3.6pp 19th 22% above peers
Marana, AZ 47.8% 13th +2.8pp 20th 7% above peers
Waltham, MA 57.3% 8th +3.0pp 21st 29% above peers
Parker, CO 56.0% 10th +2.8pp 22nd 26% above peers
Reston, VA 72.0% 4th +3.2pp 23rd 62% above peers
Davis, CA 76.8% 2nd +2.9pp 24th 72% above peers
Yorba Linda, CA 56.2% 9th +2.1pp 25th 26% above peers
Sammamish, WA 77.1% 1st +1.9pp 26th 73% above peers
Palatine, IL 51.1% 12th +1.1pp 27th 15% above peers
Burnsville, MN 39.8% 19th +0.8pp 28th 11% below peers
Hamilton, OH 16.5% 29th +0.3pp 29th 63% below peers
Coon Rapids, MN 25.7% 26th -0.1pp 30th 42% below peers
Castro Valley, CA 44.5% 16th -0.3pp 31st on par with peers
▸ Where is this changing? 12 census tracts
Each tract is colored and ranked by its change from 2019 to 2024, between the same two survey periods as the card above, as a share of its own starting level: green tracts improved, red tracts moved the wrong way. Tracts marked * moved less than their own survey margin, so their color is a direction, not a claim. Hover a tract for its numbers and history, or a table row to find that tract on the map; click either for its location or its data in the Explorer.
EducationAdults with a bachelor's degree or higher
Loading tract map…
Each tract's change uses the same two survey periods as the card above and is judged against the tract's own published margins; tracts marked * moved less than their margin. How the tract view works →
▸ Break down by group Sex · ACS 2024
Loading breakdown…
How breakdowns work →
▸

Peers worth a call

3
Cities of similar size (50k-100k) that started mid-pack, like this city, and whose improvement is sustained over several years, larger than the data's normal noise, and big enough to matter. Referral candidates to investigate, not proven interventions. How we pick these →
  • Apopka, FL up 11.3pp between its surveys · a larger real gain than 99% of this group · 2019-2024
  • Troy, NY up 10.5pp between its surveys · a larger real gain than 98% of this group · 2019-2024
  • Burleson, TX up 7.6pp between its surveys · a larger real gain than 95% of this group · 2019-2024
Census ACS 5-year survey through 2024 ±2.2pp at 90% confidence (2024 estimate) survey trend: 2015-2019 vs 2020-2024 surveys about this metric
Education

Children ages 3-4 enrolled in preschool

▲ Higher is better No measurable change
Compared against How peers are chosen →
What changed

Preschool enrollment changed less than the survey can measure between the 2015-2019 and 2020-2024 surveys (45.5% then, 52.9% now; margin ±14.4pp).

Broader trend
23% of similar-size cities show a real change in either direction.
Longer view
Preschool enrollment fell 2.9 percentage points from 2014 to 2024 (55.9% to 52.9%).
Bright spot 52.9%
20112024
Open in Explorer →
▸ Compare all 31 similar-size cities by change rank
Change is measured between each place's two non-overlapping survey periods against its published margins (90% confidence). significant improvement · significant worsening · not significant (within the margin). Change rank orders every measured change; read it with the dot beside it, ranks among hollow-dot rows are ordering values inside their margins. Today's rank orders current values in the metric's better direction.
Place Latest2020-2024 survey Today's rank Change2015-2019 → 2020-2024 Sig. Change rank History Latest vs. peers
California ref 44.5% -5.1pp
United States ref 45.5%
Hamilton, OH 51.3% 13th +20.4pp 1st 4% above peers
Brentwood, NY 49.9% 14th +18.5pp 2nd 1% above peers
Bellevue, NE 43.1% 23rd +12.3pp 3rd 12% below peers
Palatine, IL 64.5% 5th +16.7pp 4th 31% above peers
Celina, TX 62.1% 8th +12.3pp 5th 26% above peers
Reston, VA 76.1% 1st +15.0pp 6th 55% above peers
Waltham, MA 74.0% 2nd +13.1pp 7th 50% above peers
Richland, WA 41.9% 24th +6.9pp 8th 15% below peers
Port Charlotte, FL 44.8% 21st +7.2pp 9th 9% below peers
Muncie, IN 47.4% 19th +7.4pp 10th 4% below peers
South San Francisco, CA 63.2% 7th +9.0pp 11th 28% above peers
Castro Valley, CA 52.9% 12th +7.5pp 12th 8% above peers
Sammamish, WA 67.5% 3rd +4.1pp 13th 37% above peers
Hendersonville, TN 43.5% 22nd +2.2pp 14th 12% below peers
Laguna Niguel, CA 63.9% 6th +2.3pp 15th 30% above peers
Burnsville, MN 48.9% 17th +1.3pp 16th 1% below peers
North Little Rock, AR 53.6% 11th +1.4pp 17th 9% above peers
Davis, CA 65.9% 4th +0.3pp 18th 34% above peers
Union City, CA 46.3% 20th -0.7pp 19th 6% below peers
Millcreek, UT 47.8% 18th -2.5pp 20th 3% below peers
Apopka, FL 38.1% 25th -2.1pp 21st 23% below peers
Parker, CO 55.8% 10th -3.1pp 22nd 13% above peers
Four Corners, FL 33.9% 29th -3.0pp 23rd 31% below peers
Dundalk, MD 30.4% 31st -4.3pp 24th 38% below peers
Coon Rapids, MN 36.0% 27th -5.3pp 25th 27% below peers
Marana, AZ 33.9% 28th -6.3pp 26th 31% below peers
Lorain, OH 38.0% 26th -7.6pp 27th 23% below peers
Palm Beach Gardens, FL 59.8% 9th -16.1pp 28th 22% above peers
Yorba Linda, CA 49.2% 16th -22.1pp 29th on par with peers
Kenner, LA 30.6% 30th -17.0pp 30th 38% below peers
Fulshear, TX 49.5% 15th -35.3pp 31st 1% above peers
▸ Where is this changing? 12 census tracts
Each tract is colored and ranked by its change from 2019 to 2024, between the same two survey periods as the card above, as a share of its own starting level: green tracts improved, red tracts moved the wrong way. Tracts marked * moved less than their own survey margin, so their color is a direction, not a claim. Hover a tract for its numbers and history, or a table row to find that tract on the map; click either for its location or its data in the Explorer.
EducationChildren ages 3-4 enrolled in preschool
Loading tract map…
Each tract's change uses the same two survey periods as the card above and is judged against the tract's own published margins; tracts marked * moved less than their margin. How the tract view works →
▸

Peers worth a call

3
Cities of similar size (50k-100k) that started mid-pack, like this city, and whose improvement is sustained over several years, larger than the data's normal noise, and big enough to matter. Referral candidates to investigate, not proven interventions. How we pick these →
  • West Haven, CT up 35.0pp between its surveys · a larger real gain than 99% of this group · 2019-2024
  • Castle Rock, CO up 21.6pp between its surveys · a larger real gain than 96% of this group · 2019-2024
  • Cedar Park, TX up 20.8pp between its surveys · a larger real gain than 94% of this group · 2019-2024
Census ACS 5-year survey through 2024 ±10.1pp at 90% confidence (2024 estimate) survey trend: 2015-2019 vs 2020-2024 surveys about this metric
Education

Teens not in school and not working

▼ Lower is better No measurable change
Compared against How peers are chosen →
What changed

Disconnected youth changed less than the survey can measure between the 2015-2019 and 2020-2024 surveys (2.9% then, 4.1% now; margin ±4.0pp).

Broader trend
7% of similar-size cities show a real change in either direction.
Longer view
Disconnected youth fell 0.1 percentage points from 2014 to 2024 (4.2% to 4.1%).
Bright spot 4.1%
20102024
Open in Explorer →
▸ Compare all 31 similar-size cities by change rank
Change is measured between each place's two non-overlapping survey periods against its published margins (90% confidence). significant improvement · significant worsening · not significant (within the margin). Change rank orders every measured change; read it with the dot beside it, ranks among hollow-dot rows are ordering values inside their margins. Today's rank orders current values in the metric's better direction.
Place Latest2020-2024 survey Today's rank Change2015-2019 → 2020-2024 Sig. Change rank History Latest vs. peers
California ref 6.7% +0.2pp
United States ref 6.9% +0.3pp
Fulshear, TX 0.0% 1st -0.7pp 1st 100% below peers
Parker, CO 0.6% 2nd -3.1pp 2nd 88% below peers
Lorain, OH 5.9% 20th -7.1pp 3rd 18% above peers
Sammamish, WA 2.0% 4th -1.6pp 4th 59% below peers
Bellevue, NE 5.2% 17th -3.9pp 5th 2% above peers
Apopka, FL 3.9% 10th -2.1pp 6th 22% below peers
Muncie, IN 3.1% 8th -0.9pp 7th 38% below peers
Kenner, LA 9.1% 27th -1.9pp 8th 80% above peers
Dundalk, MD 8.3% 26th -1.5pp 9th 65% above peers
North Little Rock, AR 13.9% 31st -0.6pp 10th 177% above peers
Palatine, IL 5.9% 19th +0.2pp 11th 17% above peers
Hendersonville, TN 2.4% 5th +0.1pp 12th 52% below peers
Four Corners, FL 6.2% 21st +0.9pp 13th 23% above peers
Brentwood, NY 9.4% 28th +1.8pp 14th 87% above peers
Coon Rapids, MN 4.6% 15th +1.1pp 15th 9% below peers
Burnsville, MN 5.3% 18th +1.3pp 16th 5% above peers
Union City, CA 5.0% 16th +1.4pp 17th on par with peers
Waltham, MA 4.3% 12th +1.3pp 18th 15% below peers
Castro Valley, CA 4.1% 11th +1.2pp 19th 18% below peers
Hamilton, OH 10.2% 29th +3.5pp 20th 103% above peers
Yorba Linda, CA 2.7% 6th +1.0pp 21st 46% below peers
Richland, WA 7.9% 25th +3.1pp 22nd 56% above peers
Palm Beach Gardens, FL 4.5% 14th +2.1pp 23rd 10% below peers
South San Francisco, CA 3.0% 7th +1.4pp 24th 41% below peers
Millcreek, UT 6.7% 23rd +3.3pp 25th 33% above peers
Reston, VA 6.2% 22nd +3.1pp 26th 23% above peers
Davis, CA 1.7% 3rd +0.9pp 27th 66% below peers
Marana, AZ 7.0% 24th +3.8pp 28th 39% above peers
Port Charlotte, FL 11.8% 30th +9.8pp 29th 134% above peers
Laguna Niguel, CA 3.6% 9th +3.5pp 30th 28% below peers
Celina, TX 4.4% 13th 12% below peers
▸ Where is this changing? 12 census tracts
Each tract is colored and ranked by its change from 2019 to 2024, between the same two survey periods as the card above, as a share of its own starting level: green tracts improved, red tracts moved the wrong way. Tracts marked * moved less than their own survey margin, so their color is a direction, not a claim. Hover a tract for its numbers and history, or a table row to find that tract on the map; click either for its location or its data in the Explorer.
EducationTeens not in school and not working
Loading tract map…
Each tract's change uses the same two survey periods as the card above and is judged against the tract's own published margins; tracts marked * moved less than their margin. How the tract view works →
Census ACS 5-year survey (table B14005) through 2024 ±3.0pp at 90% confidence (2024 estimate) survey trend: 2015-2019 vs 2020-2024 surveys about this metric
See all Education data →
Demographics 4 indicators
Demographics

Population

No better direction No measurable change
Compared against How peers are chosen →
What changed

Population changed less than the survey can measure between the 2015-2019 and 2020-2024 surveys (63,013 then, 65,001 now; margin ±2,279).

Broader trend
93% of similar-size cities show a real change in either direction.
Longer view
Population rose about 4% from 2014 to 2024 (62,363 to 65,001).
65,001
20102024
Open in Explorer →
▸ Compare all 31 similar-size cities by change rank
Change is measured between each place's two non-overlapping survey periods against its published margins (90% confidence). significant improvement · significant worsening · not significant (within the margin). Change rank orders every measured change; read it with the dot beside it, ranks among hollow-dot rows are ordering values inside their margins. Today's rank orders current values in the metric's better direction.
Place Latest2020-2024 survey Today's rank Change2015-2019 → 2020-2024 Sig. Change rank History Latest vs. peers
Fulshear, TX 34,868 30th +252% 1st 46% below peers
Celina, TX 34,268 31st +208% 2nd 47% below peers
Four Corners, FL 65,048 9th +54% 3rd 1% above peers
Marana, AZ 56,938 29th +26% 4th 12% below peers
Bellevue, NE 64,510 16th +21% 5th on par with peers
Parker, CO 61,783 26th +14% 6th 4% below peers
Apopka, FL 58,232 28th +12% 7th 10% below peers
Richland, WA 62,753 25th +11% 8th 3% below peers
Hendersonville, TN 63,091 24th +11% 9th 2% below peers
Palm Beach Gardens, FL 60,959 27th +8% 10th 6% below peers
Port Charlotte, FL 66,133 6th +6% 11th 3% above peers
Reston, VA 64,414 18th +5% 12th on par with peers
Burnsville, MN 64,463 17th +5% 13th on par with peers
Millcreek, UT 63,648 21st +5% 14th 1% below peers
Dundalk, MD 65,969 7th +5% 15th 2% above peers
Waltham, MA 64,902 13th +3% 16th 1% above peers
Castro Valley, CA 65,001 11th +3% 17th 1% above peers
Brentwood, NY 65,042 10th +3% 18th 1% above peers
Sammamish, WA 66,463 4th +3% 19th 3% above peers
Lorain, OH 65,395 8th +2% 20th 1% above peers
Hamilton, OH 63,468 22nd +2% 21st 2% below peers
Coon Rapids, MN 63,468 23rd +2% 22nd 2% below peers
Yorba Linda, CA 67,170 2nd -1% 23rd 4% above peers
Davis, CA 66,978 3rd -2% 24th 4% above peers
North Little Rock, AR 64,538 15th -2% 25th on par with peers
Laguna Niguel, CA 64,139 20th -3% 26th 1% below peers
Kenner, LA 64,904 12th -3% 27th 1% above peers
Palatine, IL 66,293 5th -3% 28th 3% above peers
South San Francisco, CA 64,305 19th -5% 29th on par with peers
Muncie, IN 64,751 14th -6% 30th on par with peers
Union City, CA 67,464 1st -10% 31st 5% above peers
▸ Where is this changing? 12 census tracts
Each tract is colored and ranked by its change from 2019 to 2024, between the same two survey periods as the card above, as a share of its own starting level: blue tracts rose, orange tracts fell. Tracts marked * moved less than their own survey margin, so their color is a direction, not a claim. Hover a tract for its numbers and history, or a table row to find that tract on the map; click either for its location or its data in the Explorer.
DemographicsPopulation
Loading tract map…
Each tract's change uses the same two survey periods as the card above and is judged against the tract's own published margins; tracts marked * moved less than their margin. How the tract view works →
Census ACS 5-year survey through 2024 ±2,001 at 90% confidence (2024 estimate) survey trend: 2015-2019 vs 2020-2024 surveys about this metric
Demographics

Children's share of the population

No better direction No measurable change
Compared against How peers are chosen →
What changed

Children changed less than the survey can measure between the 2015-2019 and 2020-2024 surveys (21.6% then, 20.8% now; margin ±1.6pp).

Broader trend
33% of similar-size cities show a real change in either direction.
Longer view
Children fell 0.9 percentage points from 2017 to 2024 (21.7% to 20.8%).
20.8%
20172024
Open in Explorer →
▸ Compare all 31 similar-size cities by change rank
Change is measured between each place's two non-overlapping survey periods against its published margins (90% confidence). significant improvement · significant worsening · not significant (within the margin). Change rank orders every measured change; read it with the dot beside it, ranks among hollow-dot rows are ordering values inside their margins. Today's rank orders current values in the metric's better direction.
Place Latest2020-2024 survey Today's rank Change2015-2019 → 2020-2024 Sig. Change rank History Latest vs. peers
California ref 22.0% -1.0pp
United States ref 21.9% -0.7pp
Palm Beach Gardens, FL 16.6% 27th +1.1pp 1st 26% below peers
Dundalk, MD 24.2% 7th +1.1pp 2nd 8% above peers
Fulshear, TX 34.8% 1st +1.0pp 3rd 55% above peers
Apopka, FL 25.4% 5th +0.5pp 4th 13% above peers
Richland, WA 24.0% 8th -0.1pp 5th 7% above peers
Coon Rapids, MN 21.5% 17th -0.1pp 6th 4% below peers
Waltham, MA 13.6% 30th -0.1pp 7th 39% below peers
Bellevue, NE 24.2% 6th -0.2pp 8th 8% above peers
Hamilton, OH 23.3% 11th -0.2pp 9th 4% above peers
Celina, TX 31.7% 2nd -0.5pp 10th 42% above peers
Burnsville, MN 22.4% 16th -0.4pp 11th on par with peers
Four Corners, FL 21.1% 18th -0.5pp 12th 6% below peers
Yorba Linda, CA 22.5% 14th -0.5pp 13th 1% above peers
Kenner, LA 23.6% 9th -0.6pp 14th 5% above peers
Castro Valley, CA 20.8% 21st -0.8pp 15th 7% below peers
Marana, AZ 23.1% 12th -1.0pp 16th 3% above peers
Sammamish, WA 28.6% 3rd -1.3pp 17th 28% above peers
Muncie, IN 15.8% 28th -0.9pp 18th 30% below peers
Lorain, OH 23.5% 10th -1.3pp 19th 5% above peers
South San Francisco, CA 17.2% 25th -1.2pp 20th 23% below peers
Millcreek, UT 20.9% 20th -1.4pp 21st 7% below peers
Reston, VA 18.6% 23rd -1.3pp 22nd 17% below peers
Hendersonville, TN 22.5% 15th -1.6pp 23rd on par with peers
Laguna Niguel, CA 17.9% 24th -1.7pp 24th 20% below peers
Port Charlotte, FL 13.8% 29th -1.4pp 25th 39% below peers
Davis, CA 13.5% 31st -1.4pp 26th 40% below peers
Union City, CA 17.0% 26th -1.9pp 27th 24% below peers
Palatine, IL 20.9% 19th -2.8pp 28th 7% below peers
Brentwood, NY 22.5% 13th -3.9pp 29th 1% above peers
Parker, CO 25.7% 4th -4.4pp 30th 15% above peers
North Little Rock, AR 20.6% 22nd -4.5pp 31st 8% below peers
▸ Where is this changing? 12 census tracts
Each tract is colored and ranked by its change from 2019 to 2024, between the same two survey periods as the card above, as a share of its own starting level: blue tracts rose, orange tracts fell. Tracts marked * moved less than their own survey margin, so their color is a direction, not a claim. Hover a tract for its numbers and history, or a table row to find that tract on the map; click either for its location or its data in the Explorer.
DemographicsChildren's share of the population
Loading tract map…
Each tract's change uses the same two survey periods as the card above and is judged against the tract's own published margins; tracts marked * moved less than their margin. How the tract view works →
Census ACS 5-year survey through 2024 ±1.3pp at 90% confidence (2024 estimate) survey trend: 2015-2019 vs 2020-2024 surveys about this metric
Demographics

Children in single-parent families

No better direction No measurable change
Compared against How peers are chosen →
What changed

Single-parent changed less than the survey can measure between the 2015-2019 and 2020-2024 surveys (21.4% then, 18.8% now; margin ±5.5pp).

Broader trend
10% of similar-size cities show a real change in either direction.
Longer view
Single-parent fell 1.4 percentage points from 2014 to 2024 (20.2% to 18.8%).
18.8%
20102024
Open in Explorer →
▸ Compare all 31 similar-size cities by change rank
Change is measured between each place's two non-overlapping survey periods against its published margins (90% confidence). significant improvement · significant worsening · not significant (within the margin). Change rank orders every measured change; read it with the dot beside it, ranks among hollow-dot rows are ordering values inside their margins. Today's rank orders current values in the metric's better direction.
Place Latest2020-2024 survey Today's rank Change2015-2019 → 2020-2024 Sig. Change rank History Latest vs. peers
California ref 28.5% +0.7pp
United States ref 29.9% -0.2pp
Fulshear, TX 6.0% 31st +4.2pp 1st 74% below peers
Laguna Niguel, CA 22.8% 17th +7.9pp 2nd 2% below peers
Waltham, MA 24.0% 15th +7.3pp 3rd 3% above peers
Reston, VA 23.3% 16th +3.2pp 4th on par with peers
Lorain, OH 60.4% 1st +5.2pp 5th 160% above peers
Marana, AZ 17.3% 24th +1.4pp 6th 26% below peers
Parker, CO 16.7% 25th +1.2pp 7th 28% below peers
Union City, CA 16.4% 26th +1.0pp 8th 30% below peers
Palatine, IL 26.9% 14th +1.5pp 9th 16% above peers
Davis, CA 21.0% 20th +1.2pp 10th 10% below peers
Hamilton, OH 47.6% 3rd +1.7pp 11th 104% above peers
Port Charlotte, FL 31.6% 10th +1.0pp 12th 36% above peers
Richland, WA 29.8% 13th +0.5pp 13th 28% above peers
Coon Rapids, MN 34.7% 7th +0.5pp 14th 49% above peers
Kenner, LA 38.0% 6th +0.1pp 15th 63% above peers
Bellevue, NE 30.1% 12th -0.1pp 16th 29% above peers
North Little Rock, AR 52.3% 2nd -0.3pp 17th 125% above peers
Muncie, IN 47.5% 4th -0.4pp 18th 104% above peers
South San Francisco, CA 22.4% 18th -0.4pp 19th 4% below peers
Dundalk, MD 40.8% 5th -1.3pp 20th 75% above peers
Four Corners, FL 33.1% 9th -2.2pp 21st 42% above peers
Brentwood, NY 33.2% 8th -2.9pp 22nd 43% above peers
Yorba Linda, CA 12.4% 28th -1.6pp 23rd 47% below peers
Castro Valley, CA 18.8% 21st -2.6pp 24th 19% below peers
Palm Beach Gardens, FL 18.7% 22nd -3.0pp 25th 20% below peers
Burnsville, MN 30.4% 11th -6.9pp 26th 30% above peers
Millcreek, UT 16.0% 27th -3.9pp 27th 31% below peers
Hendersonville, TN 18.0% 23rd -5.4pp 28th 23% below peers
Apopka, FL 22.3% 19th -7.5pp 29th 4% below peers
Sammamish, WA 6.7% 30th -2.7pp 30th 71% below peers
Celina, TX 10.0% 29th -9.0pp 31st 57% below peers
▸ Where is this changing? 12 census tracts
Each tract is colored and ranked by its change from 2019 to 2024, between the same two survey periods as the card above, as a share of its own starting level: blue tracts rose, orange tracts fell. Tracts marked * moved less than their own survey margin, so their color is a direction, not a claim. Hover a tract for its numbers and history, or a table row to find that tract on the map; click either for its location or its data in the Explorer.
DemographicsChildren in single-parent families
Loading tract map…
Each tract's change uses the same two survey periods as the card above and is judged against the tract's own published margins; tracts marked * moved less than their margin. How the tract view works →
Census ACS 5-year survey (table B09002) through 2024 ±3.7pp at 90% confidence (2024 estimate) survey trend: 2015-2019 vs 2020-2024 surveys about this metric
Demographics

Young children with all parents in the labor force

No better direction Rising
Compared against How peers are chosen →
What changed

Working parents rose 18.5 percentage points between the 2015-2019 and 2020-2024 surveys, from 60.3% to 78.8% - more than the combined survey margin (±11.6pp).

Broader trend
10% of similar-size cities show a real change in the same direction; 7% moved the other way.
Longer view
Working parents rose 15.2 percentage points from 2014 to 2024 (63.7% to 78.8%).
Big move 78.8%
20102024
Open in Explorer →
▸ Compare all 31 similar-size cities by change rank
Change is measured between each place's two non-overlapping survey periods against its published margins (90% confidence). significant improvement · significant worsening · not significant (within the margin). Change rank orders every measured change; read it with the dot beside it, ranks among hollow-dot rows are ordering values inside their margins. Today's rank orders current values in the metric's better direction.
Place Latest2020-2024 survey Today's rank Change2015-2019 → 2020-2024 Sig. Change rank History Latest vs. peers
California ref 66.5% +3.8pp
United States ref 68.1% +1.9pp
Marana, AZ 71.4% 14th +19.3pp 1st 2% above peers
Kenner, LA 79.3% 1st +20.2pp 2nd 14% above peers
Castro Valley, CA 78.8% 2nd +18.5pp 3rd 13% above peers
Union City, CA 78.1% 5th +14.3pp 4th 12% above peers
North Little Rock, AR 74.0% 9th +13.2pp 5th 6% above peers
Muncie, IN 71.6% 12th +10.7pp 6th 3% above peers
Port Charlotte, FL 67.6% 19th +7.8pp 7th 3% below peers
Sammamish, WA 60.3% 26th +6.6pp 8th 13% below peers
Parker, CO 72.2% 11th +6.6pp 9th 4% above peers
Brentwood, NY 70.5% 15th +4.5pp 10th 1% above peers
Yorba Linda, CA 67.5% 20th +4.0pp 11th 3% below peers
Waltham, MA 78.3% 4th +4.6pp 12th 12% above peers
Millcreek, UT 57.3% 29th +3.1pp 13th 18% below peers
Bellevue, NE 71.5% 13th +3.6pp 14th 3% above peers
Lorain, OH 69.7% 16th +3.0pp 15th on par with peers
Fulshear, TX 65.1% 23rd +2.7pp 16th 7% below peers
South San Francisco, CA 78.4% 3rd +2.7pp 17th 12% above peers
Hamilton, OH 75.5% 7th +1.6pp 18th 8% above peers
Laguna Niguel, CA 61.3% 25th +0.8pp 19th 12% below peers
Davis, CA 73.0% 10th -1.5pp 20th 5% above peers
Reston, VA 66.7% 22nd -1.6pp 21st 4% below peers
Palatine, IL 68.3% 18th -2.7pp 22nd 2% below peers
Coon Rapids, MN 75.3% 8th -3.4pp 23rd 8% above peers
Apopka, FL 66.9% 21st -4.9pp 24th 4% below peers
Hendersonville, TN 68.7% 17th -5.2pp 25th 1% below peers
Palm Beach Gardens, FL 64.6% 24th -4.9pp 26th 7% below peers
Burnsville, MN 76.1% 6th -6.4pp 27th 9% above peers
Four Corners, FL 59.6% 27th -7.5pp 28th 15% below peers
Dundalk, MD 57.7% 28th -11.3pp 29th 17% below peers
Celina, TX 48.2% 31st -12.0pp 30th 31% below peers
Richland, WA 50.4% 30th -15.1pp 31st 28% below peers
▸ Where is this changing? 12 census tracts
Each tract is colored and ranked by its change from 2019 to 2024, between the same two survey periods as the card above, as a share of its own starting level: blue tracts rose, orange tracts fell. Tracts marked * moved less than their own survey margin, so their color is a direction, not a claim. Hover a tract for its numbers and history, or a table row to find that tract on the map; click either for its location or its data in the Explorer.
DemographicsYoung children with all parents in the labor force
Loading tract map…
Each tract's change uses the same two survey periods as the card above and is judged against the tract's own published margins; tracts marked * moved less than their margin. How the tract view works →
Census ACS 5-year survey (table B23008) through 2024 ±9.4pp at 90% confidence (2024 estimate) survey trend: 2015-2019 vs 2020-2024 surveys about this metric
See all Demographics data →